scholarly journals Amiodarone-Induced Cirrhosis of Liver: What Predicts Mortality?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Hussain ◽  
Anirban Bhattacharyya ◽  
Suartcha Prueksaritanond
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Refractory Angina ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Cirrhosis Of Liver ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Introduction. Amiodarone has been used for more than 5 decades for the treatment of various tachyarrhythmias and previously for the treatment of refractory angina. There are multiple well-established side effects of amiodarone. However, amiodarone-induced cirrhosis (AIC) of liver is an underrecognized complication. Methods. A systematic search of Medline from January 1970 to November 2012 by using the following terms, amiodarone and cirrhosis, identified 37 reported cases of which 30 were used in this analysis. Patients were divided into 2 subsets, survivors versus nonsurvivors, at 5 months. Results. Aspartate aminotransferase was significantly lower (P=0.03) in patients who survived at 5-months (mean 103.33 IU/L) compared to nonsurvivors (mean 216.88 IU/L). There was no statistical difference in the levels of prothrombin time, total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, cumulative dose, and latency period between the two groups. The prevalence of DM, HTN, HLD, CAD, and CHF was similar in the two groups. None of the above-mentioned variables could be identified as a predictor of survival at 5 months. Conclusion. AIC carries a mortality risk of 60% at 5 months once the diagnosis is established. Further prospective studies are needed to identify predictors of AIC and of mortality or survival in cases of AIC.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Alcoholic Liver Disease with Jaundice Treated with Korean Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-957
Author(s):  
Jae-yoon Ahn ◽  
Sang-song Sim ◽  
Sol Jeong ◽  
Yong-jeen Shin ◽  
Kang-san Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Objective: This study aimed to report a case of alcoholic liver disease with jaundice that was improved with Korean medicine treatment.Methods: A patient who developed jaundice due to continuous drinking was treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping. Blood tests were performed to measure the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), total bilirubin, albumin, and total protein; AST/ALT ratio; and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Jaundice parameters were subjectively recorded at 3-day intervals.Results: After treatment, the AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GTP, and total bilirubin levels; MCV; and jaundice were decreased.Conclusion: Korean medicine treatment appeared to be an effective method for alcoholic liver disease with jaundice.

scholarly journals Some biological indicators relevant for the management of cholestasis in children

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1421-1424
Author(s):  
Evelina Moraru ◽  
Ana Drochioi ◽  
Paula Popovici ◽  
Carmen Anton ◽  
Laura Bozomitu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bile Flow ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Aspartate Transaminase ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Bile Formation ◽  
Diagnostic Protocol ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Cholestasis is a multifactorial disorder with various biological, infectious, toxic, genetic and metabolic manifestations, its principal feature presented as reduced bile flow or abnormalities in bile formation. It has lately been accepted that some specific biological markers would shorten the period needed to establish a positive diagnosis, as currently it is necessary to navigate through a complex diagnostic protocol for this disorder. The purpose of this study was to establish some biological parameters and biomarkers useful for cholestasis management in children. Two hundred thirty-two children with cholestasis were selected, during a six-year study. The biological indicators followed were serum bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Our data showed that certain biological parameters are more often involved in the various forms of cholestasis, and the conclusions of this study could be useful in the early detection of cholestasis and appropriate disease management.

scholarly journals Assessment of liver enzymes in saliva and serum of Iraqi patients with chronic periodontitis disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Hussein SH. Ridha ◽  
Zahraa H.M. Kadri
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Aspartate Transaminase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Objective: The present study aimed to assess of four liver enzymes, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT). Material and Methods: Based on periodontal clinical parameters, sixty four patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and twenty four controls were enrolled in the study. Saliva and serum samples were collected and Automated Chemistry Analyzer AU 480 was employed to assess levels of enzymes. Results: Compared to healthy controls, the levels of the four enzymes were significant increased in serum of patients, especially in the severe group while in the saliva a significant increase observed only in the level of AST. Moreover, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) the levels of these enzymes in serum were significantly higher than those in saliva. Conclusion: ALT, AST, ALP and GGT serum levels are suggested to be important indicators for disease progression as well as predict the liver health.  

scholarly journals Transitions of Liver and Biliary Enzymes during Proton Beam Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1840
Author(s):  
Taisuke Sumiya ◽  
Masashi Mizumoto ◽  
Yoshiko Oshiro ◽  
Keiichiro Baba ◽  
Motohiro Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Bragg Peak ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Proton Beam Therapy ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Preserve Liver Function ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Proton beam therapy (PBT) is a curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), because it can preserve liver function due to dose targeting via the Bragg peak. However, the degree of direct liver damage by PBT is unclear. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed liver/biliary enzymes and total bilirubin (T-Bil) as markers of direct liver damage during and early after PBT in 300 patients. The levels of these enzymes and bilirubin were almost stable throughout the treatment period. In patients with normal pretreatment levels, aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and T-Bil were abnormally elevated in only 2 (1.2%), 1 (0.4%), 0, 2 (1.2%), and 8 (3.5%) patients, respectively, and in 8 of these 13 patients (61.5%) the elevations were temporary. In patients with abnormal pretreatment levels, the levels tended to decrease during PBT. GGT and T-Bil were elevated by 1.62 and 1.57 times in patients who received 66 Gy (RBE) in 10 fractions and 74 Gy (RBE) in 37 fractions, respectively, but again these changes were temporary. These results suggest that direct damage to normal liver caused by PBT is minimal, even if a patient has abnormal pretreatment enzyme levels.

Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Activity as an Indicator of Disease of Liver, Pancreas, or Bone

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gifford Lum ◽  
S Raymond Gambino
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Metastatic Carcinoma ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Abstract Serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), leucine aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities were assayed in controls and in patients with liver, pancreatic, or bone disease. GGT activity was above normal in all forms of liver disease studied (viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholecystitis, metastatic carcinoma to liver, pancreatic carcinoma, liver granuloma, and acute pancreatitis). GGT more sensitively indicated hepatic disease than did alkaline phosphatase, much more so than did leucine aminopeptidase. GGT was disproportionately more active in relation to the transaminases in cases of intraor extrahepatic biliary obstruction; the reverse was true in cases of viral hepatitis. GGT activity was normal in children, adolescents, and pregnant women, and in cases of bone disease and renal failure. Kinetic measurement of GGT activity offers a simple, sensitive, and direct means for distinguishing whether bone or liver is the source of increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity. Activity was highest in obstructive liver disease.

scholarly journals Enzymatic histochemistry of mouse kidney in plastic.

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
T P Pretlow ◽  
A S Lapinsky ◽  
L C Flowers ◽  
R W Grane ◽  
T G Pretlow
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Mouse Kidney ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Bowman's Capsule

Two-micrometer sections of methacrylate-embedded kidney were used to investigate the enzymatic activities of mouse kidney where the proximal tubule and Bowman's capsule from the same corpuscle were viewed in the same section. Alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, and adenosine triphosphatase activities were observed in the proximal tubule, but only 5'-nucleotidase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, and alkaline phosphatase were observed in the squamous portion of the parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule. The use of methacrylate-embedded tissue allowed more precise localization of enzymatic activity than is possible with most frozen sections. This may provide interesting applications not only for characterization of kidney diseases but also for characterization of other normal and abnormal tissues.

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