scholarly journals Using Cell-Based Strategies to Break the Link between Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and the Development of Chronic Lung Disease in Later Life

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan O'Reilly ◽  
Bernard Thébaud
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lung Dysfunction

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the chronic lung disease of prematurity that affects very preterm infants. Although advances in perinatal care have changed the course of lung injury and enabled the survival of infants born as early as 23-24 weeks of gestation, BPD still remains a common complication of extreme prematurity, and there is no specific treatment for it. Furthermore, children, adolescents, and adults who were born very preterm and developed BPD have an increased risk of persistent lung dysfunction, including early-onset emphysema. Therefore, it is possible that early-life pulmonary insults, such as extreme prematurity and BPD, may increase the risk of COPD later in life, especially if exposed to secondary challenges such as respiratory infections and/or smoking. Recent advances in our understanding of stem/progenitor cells and their potential to repair damaged organs offer the possibility of cell-based treatments for neonatal and adult lung injuries. This paper summarizes the long-term pulmonary outcomes of preterm birth and BPD and discusses the recent advances of cell-based therapies for lung diseases, with a particular focus on BPD and COPD.

Animal models of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The term rat models

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (12) ◽  
pp. L948-L958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan O'Reilly ◽  
Bernard Thébaud
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Immature Lung

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the chronic lung disease of prematurity that affects very preterm infants. Although advances in perinatal care have enabled the survival of infants born as early as 23–24 wk of gestation, the challenge of promoting lung growth while protecting the ever more immature lung from injury is now bigger. Consequently, BPD remains one of the most common complications of extreme prematurity and still lacks specific treatments. Progress in our understanding of BPD and the potential of developing therapeutic strategies have arisen from large (baboons, sheep, and pigs) and small (rabbits, rats, and mice) animal models. This review focuses specifically on the use of the rat to model BPD and summarizes how the model is used in various research studies and the advantages and limitations of this particular model, and it highlights recent therapeutic advances in BPD by using this rat model.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Care Techniques

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
ALISTAIR G. S. PHILIP ◽  
DALE L. KESSLER
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
End Point ◽  
Definition Of

To the Editor.— Although the paper by Avery et al1 is both interesting and provocative, readers should be cautioned about the inherent limitations of data generated by a retrospective, multicentered study design. First, the definition of chronic lung disease leaves much to be desired. The diagnosis was "arbitrarily defined" as an oxygen requirement greater than room air at 28 days of age. Evaluation of the need for oxygen at 3 months is a much more clinically relevant end point, but the numbers in this category were too small to evaluate adequately.

Somatic growth and the risks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension: connecting epidemiology and physiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Underwood ◽  
Stephen Wedgwood ◽  
Satyan Lakshminrusimha ◽  
Robin H. Steinhorn
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Poor Nutrition

In the premature infant, poor growth in utero (fetal growth restriction) and in the first weeks of life (postnatal growth restriction) are associated with increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension. In this review, we summarize the epidemiologic data supporting these associations, present a novel rodent model of postnatal growth restriction, and review 5 promising mechanisms by which poor nutrition may affect the developing lung. These observations support the hypothesis that nutritional and (or) pharmacologic interventions early in life may be able to decrease risk of the pulmonary complications of extreme prematurity.

Stability of Diluted Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection at Two Temperatures

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1018-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph A. Lugo ◽  
Milap C. Nahata
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Usp 4 ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Phosphate Injection ◽  
The Stability

OBJECTIVE: Premature neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia frequently are treated with intravenous dexamethasone for their chronic lung disease. The injection volumes of the commercially available products often are too small to measure accurately. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability over 28 days of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection 4 mg/mL diluted with bacteriostatic NaCl 0.9% to 1 mg/mL. DESIGN: Ten vials of dexamethasone 1 mg/mL were prepared from dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection, USP 4 mg/mL and bacteriostatic NaCl 0.9% injection. Five vials were stored at 4 °C and five at 22 °C. Dexamethasone was measured on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 by an accurate, reproducible, and stability-indicating HPLC method. Samples were also inspected visually for precipitation or discoloration on each study day. RESULTS: The samples retained at least 97.7 percent of the original concentration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate when stored at either 4 or 22 °C for 28 days. No discoloration or precipitation was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection 1 mg/mL in bacteriostatic NaCl 0.9% was stable for 28 days at 4 and 22 °C.

The BPD Problem

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
T. A. MERRITT ◽  
W. NORTHWAY ◽  
B. R. BOYNTON ◽  
D. K. EDWARDS ◽  
M. HALLMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Statistical Analyses

To the Editor.— Sinkin and co-workers1 undertook the laudable goal of attempting to predict the risk of "bronchopulmonary dysplasia" (defined solely as a requirement for supplemental oxygen at 28 days) to select better infants who might benefit from interventions to reduce the frequency of this chronic lung disease. Other investigators have defined risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the first days to weeks of life using similar statistical analyses,2,3 cytopathology,4 detection of elevated proteases in airway secretions,5-7 measurement of airways mechanics,8,9 and clinical and radiographic scores.10,11

Abstract 299: Association of Chronic Lung Disease with Treatments and Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Results from the NCDR®

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R Enriquez ◽  
James A de Lemos ◽  
Ramin Farzaneh-Far ◽  
Anand Rohatgi ◽  
S. A Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Processes Of Care ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Background: Previous reports are conflicting regarding outcomes, treatments, and processes of care after acute myocardial infarction (MI) for patients with chronic lung disease (CLD). Methods: Using the NCDR ACTION Registry ® -GWTG ™ (AR-G), demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, processes of care, and in-hospital adverse events after NSTEMI and STEMI were compared between patients with (n= 22,624; 14.2%) and without (n= 136,266; 85.8%) CLD. CLD was defined by a history of COPD, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema. Multivariable adjustment using published AR-G in-hospital mortality and major bleeding risk adjustment models was performed to quantify the impact of CLD on treatments and outcomes. Results: CLD was present in 10.1% of STEMI patients and 17.0% of NSTEMI patients. In both STEMI and NSTEMI, CLD patients were older, more likely to be female, and had more comorbidities including diabetes, renal disease, prior MI and heart failure, compared to those without CLD. Although on admission CLD patients were more likely to be on cardiovascular medications, by discharge slightly fewer CLD patients received composite core measures (aspirin, beta-blockers, ACE-inhibitors, and statins) (table). In NSTEMI, CLD was also associated with less use of invasive procedures and with increased risk of both death and major bleeding. In STEMI, major bleeding but not mortality was increased. Conclusions: CLD is a common comorbidity and is independently associated with an increased risk for major bleeding after MI. In NSTEMI, CLD is also associated with receiving fewer evidence-based medications, less timely angiography and revascularization, and increased in-hospital mortality. Close attention should be given to this high-risk subgroup for the prevention and management of bleeding complications after MI, and further investigation is needed to determine the reasons for treatment and outcome disparities in NSTEMI.

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