scholarly journals Effect of RGD Peptide-Coated TiO2Nanotubes on the Attachment, Proliferation, and Functionality of Bone-Related Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghan Oh ◽  
Kyung Suk Moon ◽  
Seoung Hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Rgd Peptide ◽  
Initial Attachment ◽  
Significant Acceleration ◽  
Ft Ir

The purpose of this research was to characterize an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide immobilized on TiO2nanotubes. In addition, we investigated the effects of the RGD peptide-coated TiO2nanotubes on the cellular response, proliferation, and functionality of osteogenic-induced human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which are osteoclasts that have been induced by bone marrow macrophages. The RGD peptide was grafted covalently onto the surface of TiO2nanotubes based on the results of SEM, FT-IR, and XPS. Furthermore, the RGD peptide promoted the initial attachment and proliferation of the hMSCs, regardless of the size of the TiO2nanotubes. However, the RGD peptide did not prominently affect the osteogenic functionality of the hMSCs because the peptide suppressed hMSC motility associated with osteogenic differentiation. The result of anin vitroosteoclast test showed that the RGD peptide accelerated the initial attachment of preosteoclasts and the formation of mature osteoclasts, which could resorb the bone matrix. Therefore, we believe that an RGD coating on TiO2nanotubes synthesized on Ti implants might not offer significant acceleration of bone formationin vivobecause osteoblasts and osteoclasts reside in the same compartment.

Characterization of patient-derived bone marrow human mesenchymal stem cells as oncolytic virus carriers for the treatment of glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yuzaburo Shimizu ◽  
Joy Gumin ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Anwar Hossain ◽  
Elizabeth J. Shpall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Systemic Delivery ◽  
Previously Treated

OBJECTIVE Delta-24-RGD is an oncolytic adenovirus that is capable of replicating in and killing human glioma cells. Although intratumoral delivery of Delta-24-RGD can be effective, systemic delivery would improve its clinical application. Bone marrow–derived human mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSCs) obtained from healthy donors have been investigated as virus carriers. However, it is unclear whether BM-hMSCs can be derived from glioma patients previously treated with marrow-toxic chemotherapy or whether such BM-hMSCs can deliver oncolytic viruses effectively. Herein, the authors undertook a prospective clinical trial to determine the feasibility of obtaining BM-hMSCs from patients with recurrent malignant glioma who were previously exposed to marrow-toxic chemotherapy. METHODS The authors enrolled 5 consecutive patients who had been treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. BM aspirates were obtained from the iliac crest and were cultured to obtain BM-hMSCs. RESULTS The patient-derived BM-hMSCs (PD-BM-hMSCs) had a morphology similar to that of healthy donor–derived BM-hMSCs (HD-BM-hMSCs). Flow cytometry revealed that all 5 cell lines expressed canonical MSC surface markers. Importantly, these cultures could be made to differentiate into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. In all cases, the PD-BM-hMSCs homed to intracranial glioma xenografts in mice after intracarotid delivery as effectively as HD-BM-hMSCs. The PD-BM-hMSCs loaded with Delta-24-RGD (PD-BM-MSC-D24) effectively eradicated human gliomas in vitro. In in vivo studies, intravascular administration of PD-BM-MSC-D24 increased the survival of mice harboring U87MG gliomas. CONCLUSIONS The authors conclude that BM-hMSCs can be acquired from patients previously treated with marrow-toxic chemotherapy and that these PD-BM-hMSCs are effective carriers for oncolytic viruses.

scholarly journals Alendronate Can Improve Bone Alterations in Experimental Diabetes by Preventing Antiosteogenic, Antichondrogenic, and Proadipocytic Effects of AGEs on Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rocío Chuguransky ◽  
Ana María Cortizo ◽  
Antonio Desmond McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Bone Marrow Progenitor

Bisphosphonates such as alendronate are antiosteoporotic drugs that inhibit the activity of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and secondarily promote osteoblastic function. Diabetes increases bone-matrix-associated advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that impair bone marrow progenitor cell (BMPC) osteogenic potential and decrease bone quality. Here we investigated the in vitro effect of alendronate and/or AGEs on the osteoblastogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic potential of BMPC isolated from nondiabetic untreated rats. We also evaluated the in vivo effect of alendronate (administered orally to rats with insulin-deficient Diabetes) on long-bone microarchitecture and BMPC multilineage potential. In vitro, the osteogenesis (Runx2, alkaline phosphatase, type 1 collagen, and mineralization) and chondrogenesis (glycosaminoglycan production) of BMPC were both decreased by AGEs, while coincubation with alendronate prevented these effects. The adipogenesis of BMPC (PPARγ, intracellular triglycerides, and lipase) was increased by AGEs, and this was prevented by coincubation with alendronate. In vivo, experimental Diabetes (a) decreased femoral trabecular bone area, osteocyte density, and osteoclastic TRAP activity; (b) increased bone marrow adiposity; and (c) deregulated BMPC phenotypic potential (increasing adipogenesis and decreasing osteogenesis and chondrogenesis). Orally administered alendronate prevented all these Diabetes-induced effects on bone. Thus, alendronate could improve bone alterations in diabetic rats by preventing the antiosteogenic, antichondrogenic, and proadipocytic effects of AGEs on BMPC.

In vitro and in vivo osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from skin, bone marrow and dental follicle tissues

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong-Wook Park ◽  
Eun-Ju Kang ◽  
June-Ho Byun ◽  
Myeong-Gyun Son ◽  
Hyun-Joon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Follicle

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Injected Via Portal Vein Are Differentiated into Human Hepatocytes in Regenerating Rat Liver.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1694-1694
Author(s):  
Jong-Ho Won ◽  
Dong-Ho Choi ◽  
Jung-Hoon Kim ◽  
Sook-Ja Kim ◽  
Hee-Jeong Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mscs ◽  
Hepatocyte Regeneration

Abstract Objectives: Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess versatile differentiation potential ranging from mesenchyme-related multipotency to neuroectodermal and endodermal competency. Evidence has been accumulated to indicate that certain compartments of bone marrow cells are capable to differentiating into hepatocytes in vitro. In this study we attempted to examine the differentiation ability of human MSCs into hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo by injected them into rat portal vein in partially resected rat liver model. Materials and Methods: MSCs were isolated from human bone marrow and induced differentiation with our protocol containing hepatocyte growth factor in vitro. Four - to - 5 week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were used for xenotransplantation model. Culture expanded MSCs (5 X 106 cells/rat) were injected into the portal vein and 70% hepatectomy was performed on the subsequent day. All rats were immunosuppressed with a daily intraperitoneal injection of cyclosporine A. Results: The morphology of the MSCs was changed into hepatocyte-like cells after in vitro culture for 28days and expression of hepatocyte specific genes also confirmed with RT-PCR and immunohistochemical stain. Transplanted MSCs differentiated into hepatocytes and they surprisingly composed hepatic cords with expression of the human albumin and human hepatocyte specific genes at 21 days after infusion. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that human MSCs can differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, human MSCs may become an alternative source to hepatocyte regeneration or liver cell transplantation.

The Osteogenetic Efficacy of Goat Bone Marrow-Enriched Self-Assembly Peptide/Demineralized Bone Matrix In Vitro and In Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1398-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Li ◽  
Tianyong Hou ◽  
Moyuan Deng ◽  
Fei Luo ◽  
Xuehui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Demineralized Bone

Bone Marrow Niches for Skeletal Progenitor Cells and their Inhabitants in Health and Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marietta Herrmann ◽  
Franz Jakob
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Bone Marrow Niches

The bone marrow hosts skeletal progenitor cells which have most widely been referred to as Mesenchymal Stem or Stromal Cells (MSCs), a heterogeneous population of adult stem cells possessing the potential for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. A consensus agreement on minimal criteria has been suggested to define MSCs in vitro, including adhesion to plastic, expression of typical surface markers and the ability to differentiate towards the adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages but they are critically discussed since the differentiation capability of cells could not always be confirmed by stringent assays in vivo. However, these in vitro characteristics have led to the notion that progenitor cell populations, similar to MSCs in bone marrow, reside in various tissues. MSCs are in the focus of numerous (pre)clinical studies on tissue regeneration and repair.Recent advances in terms of genetic animal models enabled a couple of studies targeting skeletal progenitor cells in vivo. Accordingly, different skeletal progenitor cell populations could be identified by the expression of surface markers including nestin and leptin receptor. While there are still issues with the identity of, and the overlap between different cell populations, these studies suggested that specific microenvironments, referred to as niches, host and maintain skeletal progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Dynamic mutual interactions through biological and physical cues between niche constituting cells and niche inhabitants control dormancy, symmetric and asymmetric cell division and lineage commitment. Niche constituting cells, inhabitant cells and their extracellular matrix are subject to influences of aging and disease e.g. via cellular modulators. Protective niches can be hijacked and abused by metastasizing tumor cells, and may even be adapted via mutual education. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on bone marrow skeletal progenitor cell niches in physiology and pathophysiology. We discuss the plasticity and dynamics of bone marrow niches as well as future perspectives of targeting niches for therapeutic strategies.

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