scholarly journals Histological Features of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Wild Indonesian Shortfin Eel,Anguilla bicolor bicolor(McClelland, 1844), Captured in Peninsular Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin ◽  
Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai ◽  
Ahmad Ismail ◽  
Mohd Zamri Saad ◽  
Hassan Mohd Daud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Longitudinal Muscle ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Shortfin Eel

This study was conducted to record the histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of wild Indonesian shortfin eel,Anguilla bicolor bicolor(McClelland, 1844), captured in Peninsular Malaysia. The gastrointestinal tract was segmented into the oesophagus, stomach, and intestine. Then, the oesophagus was divided into five (first to fifth), the stomach into two (cardiac and pyloric), and the intestine into four segments (anterior, intermediate, posterior, and rectum) for histological examinations. The stomach had significantly taller villi and thicker inner circular muscles compared to the intestine and oesophagus. The lamina propria was thickest in stomach, significantly when compared with oesophagus, but not with the intestine. However, the intestine showed significantly thicker outer longitudinal muscle while gastric glands were observed only in the stomach. The histological features were closely associated with the functions of the different segments of the gastrointestinal tract. In conclusion, the histological features of the gastrointestinal tract ofA. b. bicolorare consistent with the feeding habit of a carnivorous fish.

scholarly journals Gross Anatomy and Histological Features of Gymnarchus niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) from the River Niger at Agenebode in Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. O. Agbugui ◽  
F. E. Abhulimen ◽  
H. O. Egbo
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Gymnarchus Niloticus ◽  
Edo State ◽  
River Niger

This study was conducted to record the anatomy and histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of the trunk fish Gymnarchus niloticus captured at Agenebode in the Lower River Niger, Edo State. The gastrointestinal tract was segmented into the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, and intestine. The slender (taeniform) body that is fuller at the head tappers at its end. There are no spines on this fish, and the fins used for locomotion are the dorsal fins and not the typical pectoral fins as in other fish. The oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine, and cloaca (anterior, intermediate, posterior, and rectum) were analysed for histological examination. The stomach had significantly higher villi and thicker inner circular muscles compared to the intestine and oesophagus. The lamina propria was thickest in the stomach which is significantly higher when compared with the oesophagus, but not with the intestine. However, the intestine showed significantly thicker outer longitudinal muscle, while gastric glands were observed only in the stomach. The histological features were closely associated with the functions of the different segments of the gastrointestinal tract. In conclusion, the histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of G. niloticus are consistent with the feeding habit of a carnivorous fish. In conclusion, the GIT is a complex structure composed of organs that reveals that it is a higher vertebrate created for a hardy survival, consistent with the feeding habit of a carnivorous fish. The histology reveals a GIT formed by four conspicuous layers from the inside to the outside of the mucosa, submucosa, and an inner longitudinal layer of the muscularis and the outer circular of the muscularis typical of higher vertebrates.

Uremic Gastropathy in the Dog

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Cheville
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Parietal Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Argentaffin Cell ◽  
Mucosal Lamina Propria

Stomachs of four dogs with uremia and four normal dogs were examined. Uremic stomachs represented four types of disease: atrophic, amyloidotic, ulcerative and necrotic gastropathy. Pathologic changes common to all uremic stomachs were expansion of the lamina propria, atrophy of gastric glands, and submucosal arteriopathy; lesions were limited to body and fundic zones. Lamina propria was markedly expanded by edema, mastocytosis, deposition of acidic mucosubstances, fibroplasia and mineralization. Capillaries in lamina propria had swollen endothelium and calcium salts were present extracellularly as amorphous granular laminae. Gastric glands were distorted and irregular and had fewer cells per unit of tissue. Parietal cells were swollen and had fragmentation of cytocavitary network and mitochondrial swelling with calcification. Chief cells were shrunken, agranular and atrophic with foci of glycogen and dilation of endoplasmic reticulum. Argentaffin cell content was diminished. Muscular arteries of submucosae had segmental degenerative lesions characterized by myocyte necrosis, calcification, and deposition of acidic mucosubstances and fibrin; thrombosis and obstructive arteriopathy were common. These studies suggest that uremic gastropathy is a disease of mucosal lamina propria and that lesions were due to anoxia caused by diffuse vascular injury and to altered parietal cell function.

scholarly journals Alterations in the Histological Features of the Intestinal Mucosa in Malnourished Adults of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shabab Hossain ◽  
S. M. Khodeza Nahar Begum ◽  
M Masudur Rahman ◽  
Ramendra Nath Mazumder ◽  
Mashud Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Environmental Enteric Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract There is paucity of knowledge on the histological features of the intestinal mucosa in malnourished adults of Bangladesh. The purpose of the study was to explore the histological features of the intestinal mucosa in malnourished adults of Bangladesh and to compare the findings with their well-nourished counterparts. 64 adults (37 malnourished with body mass index, BMI<18.5 kg/m2 and 27 controls with BMI>18.5 kg/m2) from the Bangladesh Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (BEED) study, who underwent upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy, were selected for this study. With a view to address the association of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) with malnutrition, upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed and mucosal biopsies from the distal duodenum were studied for histopathology. Villous height, crypt depth, and presence of inflammatory infiltrates in lamina propria were investigated. Bivariate analysis was performed to quantify the relation between malnutrition and the histological features. About 95% adults, irrespective of nutritional status, were diagnosed to have chronic non-specific duodenitis on histopathology. Malnourished adults suffered significantly more from chronic active duodenitis compared to their well-nourished counterparts (p=0.003). Malnourished adults also had significantly higher frequency of subtotal villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia and marked cellular infiltration in the lamina propria than the healthy controls (p<0.05).

Immune disorders of the gastrointestinal tract

2010 ◽  
pp. 2244-2256
Author(s):  
D.J. Unsworth
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles

The gastrointestinal tract is protected by gut-associated lymphoid tissue that provides an environment where interaction occurs between luminal antigen and specially adapted immune tissue in Peyer’s patches (small intestine only) or lymphoid follicles. T and B lymphocytes primed in the gut migrate into the systemic circulation via the thoracic duct but home preferentially to the lamina propria of the intestine. Plasma cells of the lamina propria secrete immunoglobulin A as a dimer linked by a joining peptide....

scholarly journals Histochemical investigation of the esophagus of the Wild bronze turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yovchev ◽  
G. Penchev
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Meleagris Gallopavo ◽  
Histochemical Investigation ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Pas Reaction ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
Pas Staining ◽  
Thoracic Part ◽  
Tunica Muscularis

The aim of the present study was to investigate the thoracic part of the esophagus in the bronze turkey, using Masson’s trichrome stain and Alcian blue-PAS staining. Thirty-six clinically healthy bronze turkeys (eighteen males and eighteen females) were studied. The groups of the birds were at age 1, 7, 14, 28, 35 and 49 days. Each group consisted of three male and three female birds. The histological features of the organ were similar in the studied groups. It consisted of tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa. There were no specifics in the organ regarding the sex and the age of the birds. The esophageal glands in all of the studied groups, demonstrated intensive PAS and AB reaction, because of the mucous, produced by the epithelial glandular cells. Lamina propria exhibited a weak PAS reaction, visible in all ages, either in males, either in females.

scholarly journals Peyer's patch eosinophils: identification, characterization, and regulation by mucosal allergen exposure, interleukin-5, and eotaxin

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1538-1544
Author(s):  
Anil Mishra ◽  
Simon P. Hogan ◽  
Eric B. Brandt ◽  
Marc E. Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Allergen Exposure ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Outer Cortex ◽  
Interleukin 5 ◽  
Marked Accumulation ◽  
Low Levels

The gastrointestinal immune system is traditionally thought to be composed of lymphocytes located within Peyer's patches and the lamina propria. We have recently reported that eosinophils also reside in the gastrointestinal tract during healthy states, in particular, within the lamina propria, and that these cells substantially increase after oral allergen exposure. We now demonstrate the presence of eosinophils in Peyer's patches and characterize the signals that regulate the accumulation of eosinophils in Peyer's patches. In contrast to the lamina propria, intestinal Peyer's patches have very low levels of eosinophils under healthy states. However, elevated levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5), generated by transgenic or pharmacologic approaches, result in a dramatic increase in eosinophil levels in Peyer's patches. Most eosinophils are located in the outer cortex and interfollicular regions of the Peyer's patches. To dissect the mechanism of eosinophil trafficking to Peyer's patches, the role of eotaxin was examined. Mice transgenic for IL-5 and genetically deficient in eotaxin were found to have reduced levels of eosinophils in Peyer's patches compared with IL-5-transgenic mice. To prove that eosinophils also traffic to Peyer's patches in wild-type mice, allergic hypersensitivity was induced and Peyer's patches were examined. Exposure to mucosal allergen promoted marked accumulation of eosinophils in Peyer's patches and this process was attenuated in eotaxin-deficient mice. In summary, these data demonstrate that elevated levels of IL-5 and mucosal allergen exposure promote eotaxin-dependent eosinophil trafficking to Peyer's patches. These studies suggest that eosinophils may cooperate with lymphocytes in the development of mucosal immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Peyer's patch eosinophils: identification, characterization, and regulation by mucosal allergen exposure, interleukin-5, and eotaxin

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1538-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Mishra ◽  
Simon P. Hogan ◽  
Eric B. Brandt ◽  
Marc E. Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Allergen Exposure ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Outer Cortex ◽  
Interleukin 5 ◽  
Marked Accumulation ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract The gastrointestinal immune system is traditionally thought to be composed of lymphocytes located within Peyer's patches and the lamina propria. We have recently reported that eosinophils also reside in the gastrointestinal tract during healthy states, in particular, within the lamina propria, and that these cells substantially increase after oral allergen exposure. We now demonstrate the presence of eosinophils in Peyer's patches and characterize the signals that regulate the accumulation of eosinophils in Peyer's patches. In contrast to the lamina propria, intestinal Peyer's patches have very low levels of eosinophils under healthy states. However, elevated levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5), generated by transgenic or pharmacologic approaches, result in a dramatic increase in eosinophil levels in Peyer's patches. Most eosinophils are located in the outer cortex and interfollicular regions of the Peyer's patches. To dissect the mechanism of eosinophil trafficking to Peyer's patches, the role of eotaxin was examined. Mice transgenic for IL-5 and genetically deficient in eotaxin were found to have reduced levels of eosinophils in Peyer's patches compared with IL-5-transgenic mice. To prove that eosinophils also traffic to Peyer's patches in wild-type mice, allergic hypersensitivity was induced and Peyer's patches were examined. Exposure to mucosal allergen promoted marked accumulation of eosinophils in Peyer's patches and this process was attenuated in eotaxin-deficient mice. In summary, these data demonstrate that elevated levels of IL-5 and mucosal allergen exposure promote eotaxin-dependent eosinophil trafficking to Peyer's patches. These studies suggest that eosinophils may cooperate with lymphocytes in the development of mucosal immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Localization of amidating enzymes (PAM) in rat gastrointestinal tract.

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1617-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Martínez ◽  
M A Burrell ◽  
M Kuijk ◽  
L M Montuenga ◽  
A Treston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Amidating Enzymes

We studied the distribution of the two enzymes involved in post-translational C-terminal alpha-amidation of regulatory peptides in rat digestive tract, using immunocytochemical methods and in situ hybridization techniques. The enzymes were located in most of the fibers and neurons of the myenteric and submucous plexus throughout the entire digestive tract and in endocrine cells of the stomach and colon. Staining of reverse-face serial sections demonstrated that the enzymes in endocrine cells of the stomach co-localized with gastrin in the bottom of the gastric glands. Some gastrin-immunoreactive cells near the neck of the gland were negative for PAM, suggesting that amidation takes place only in the more mature cells. In the colon all cells immunoreactive for glucagon and GLP1 were also positive for peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) but not for peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase (PAL). The absence of immunoreactivity for the amidating enzymes in endocrine cells of the small intestine, known to produce C-terminally amidated peptides, suggests the existence of other amidating enzymes.

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