scholarly journals Final Gleason Score Prediction Using Discriminant Analysis and Support Vector Machine Based on Preoperative Multiparametric MR Imaging of Prostate Cancer at 3T

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusun Citak-Er ◽  
Metin Vural ◽  
Omer Acar ◽  
Tarik Esen ◽  
Aslihan Onay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Experienced Radiologist

Objective.This study aimed at evaluating linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers for estimating final Gleason score preoperatively using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) and clinical parameters.Materials and Methods.Thirty-three patients who underwent mp-MRI on a 3T clinical MR scanner and radical prostatectomy were enrolled in this study. The input features for classifiers were age, the presence of a palpable prostate abnormality, prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, index lesion size, and Likert scales of T2 weighted MRI (T2w-MRI), diffusion weighted MRI (DW-MRI), and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) estimated by an experienced radiologist. SVM based recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) was used for eliminating features. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied for data uncorrelation.Results.Using a standard PCA before final Gleason score classification resulted in mean sensitivities of 51.19% and 64.37% and mean specificities of 72.71% and 39.90% for LDA and SVM, respectively. Using a Gaussian kernel PCA resulted in mean sensitivities of 86.51% and 87.88% and mean specificities of 63.99% and 56.83% for LDA and SVM, respectively.Conclusion.SVM classifier resulted in a slightly higher sensitivity but a lower specificity than LDA method for final Gleason score prediction for prostate cancer for this limited patient population.

scholarly journals MRI index lesion radiomics and machine learning for detection of extraprostatic extension of disease: a multicenter study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Cuocolo ◽  
Arnaldo Stanzione ◽  
Riccardo Faletti ◽  
Marco Gatti ◽  
Giorgio Calleris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Index Lesion ◽  
Pairwise Correlation ◽  
Experienced Radiologist ◽  
Expert Radiologist ◽  
External Test ◽  
Extraprostatic Extension

Abstract Objectives To build a machine learning (ML) model to detect extraprostatic extension (EPE) of prostate cancer (PCa), based on radiomics features extracted from prostate MRI index lesions. Methods Consecutive MRI exams of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for PCa were retrospectively collected from three institutions. Axial T2-weighted and apparent diffusion coefficient map images were annotated to obtain index lesion volumes of interest for radiomics feature extraction. Data from one institution was used for training, feature selection (using reproducibility, variance and pairwise correlation analyses, and a correlation-based subset evaluator), and tuning of a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, with stratified 10-fold cross-validation. The model was tested on the two remaining institutions’ data and compared with a baseline reference and expert radiologist assessment of EPE. Results In total, 193 patients were included. From an initial dataset of 2436 features, 2287 were excluded due to either poor stability, low variance, or high collinearity. Among the remaining, 14 features were used to train the ML model, which reached an overall accuracy of 83% in the training set. In the two external test sets, the SVM achieved an accuracy of 79% and 74% respectively, not statistically different from that of the radiologist (81–83%, p = 0.39–1) and outperforming the baseline reference (p = 0.001–0.02). Conclusions A ML model solely based on radiomics features demonstrated high accuracy for EPE detection and good generalizability in a multicenter setting. Paired to qualitative EPE assessment, this approach could aid radiologists in this challenging task. Key Points • Predicting the presence of EPE in prostate cancer patients is a challenging task for radiologists. • A support vector machine algorithm achieved high diagnostic accuracy for EPE detection, with good generalizability when tested on multiple external datasets. • The performance of the algorithm was not significantly different from that of an experienced radiologist.

Introduction and Implementation of Machine Learning Algorithms in R

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-147
Author(s):  
S. R. Mani Sekhar ◽  
G. M. Siddesh
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
The Given

Machine learning is one of the important areas in the field of computer science. It helps to provide an optimized solution for the real-world problems by using past knowledge or previous experience data. There are different types of machine learning algorithms present in computer science. This chapter provides the overview of some selected machine learning algorithms such as linear regression, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, naive Bayes classifier, neural networks, and decision trees. Each of these methods is illustrated in detail with an example and R code, which in turn assists the reader to generate their own solutions for the given problems.

scholarly journals Raman Microspectral Study and Classification of the Pathological Evolution of Breast Cancer Using Both Principal Component Analysis-Linear Discriminant Analysis and Principal Component Analysis-Support Vector Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Heping Li ◽  
Yu Ren ◽  
Fan Yu ◽  
Dongliang Song ◽  
Lizhe Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Linear Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Linear Discriminant

To facilitate the enhanced reliability of Raman-based tumor detection and analytical methodologies, an ex vivo Raman spectral investigation was conducted to identify distinct compositional information of healthy (H), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Then, principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) and principal component analysis-support vector machine (PCA-SVM) models were constructed for distinguishing spectral features among different tissue groups. Spectral analysis highlighted differences in levels of unsaturated and saturated lipids, carotenoids, protein, and nucleic acid between healthy and cancerous tissue and variations in the levels of nucleic acid, protein, and phenylalanine between DCIS and IDC. Both classification models were principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis to be extremely efficient on discriminating tissue pathological types with 99% accuracy for PCA-LDA and 100%, 100%, and 96.7% for PCA-SVM analysis based on linear kernel, polynomial kernel, and radial basis function (RBF), respectively, while PCA-SVM algorithm greatly simplified the complexity of calculation without sacrificing performance. The present study demonstrates that Raman spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis technology has considerable potential for improving the efficiency and performance of breast cancer diagnosis.

scholarly journals Alzheimer Disease Diagnosis from fMRI images Based on Latent Low Rank Features and Support Vector Machine (SVM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastaran Shahparian ◽  
Mehran Yazdi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Fmri Data ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier

Purpose: In recent years, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has been increasingly used as a noninvasive and practical method in different areas of neuroscience and psychology for recognizing brain’s mechanism as well as diagnosing neurological diseases. In this work, we use rs-fMRI data for diagnosing Alzheimer disease. Design/methodology/approach: To do that, by using the rs-fMRI of a patient, we computed the time series of some anatomical regions and then applied the Latent Low Rank Representation method to extract suitable features. Next, based on the extracted features we apply a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to determine whether the patient belongs to healthy category, mild stage of the disease or Alzheimer stage. Findings: The obtained classification accuracy for the proposed method is more than 97.5%. Originality/value: We performed different experiments on a database of rs-fMRI data containing the images of 43 healthy subjects, 36 mild cognitive impairment patients and 32 Alzheimer patients and the obtained results demonstrated that the best performance is achieved when the SVM with Gaussian kernel and the features of only 7 regions were used.

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