scholarly journals The Role of TOX in the Development of Innate Lymphoid Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey R. Seehus ◽  
Jonathan Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cell

TOX, an evolutionarily conserved member of the HMG-box family of proteins, is essential for the development of various cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system. TOX is required for the development of CD4+T lineage cells in the thymus, including natural killer T and T regulatory cells, as well as development of natural killer cells and fetal lymphoid tissue inducer cells, the latter required for lymph node organogenesis. Recently, we have identified a broader role for TOX in the innate immune system, demonstrating that this nuclear protein is required for generation of bone marrow progenitors that have potential to give rise to all innate lymphoid cells. Innate lymphoid cells, classified according to transcription factor expression and cytokine secretion profiles, derive from common lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow and require Notch signals for their development. We discuss here the role of TOX in specifying CLP toward an innate lymphoid cell fate and hypothesize a possible role for TOX in regulating Notch gene targets during innate lymphoid cell development.

scholarly journals Changes in bone marrow innate lymphoid cell subsets in monoclonal gammopathy: target for IMiD therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
pp. 2343-2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jithendra Kini Bailur ◽  
Sameet Mehta ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Natalia Neparidze ◽  
Terri Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Key Points ◽  
And Function

Key Points Altered number, subset composition, and function of bone marrow innate lymphoid cells are early events in monoclonal gammopathies. Pomalidomide therapy leads to reduction in Ikzf1 and Ikzf3 and enhanced human innate lymphoid cell function in vivo.

scholarly journals Adipocytes, Innate Immunity and Obesity: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alecia M. Blaszczak ◽  
Anahita Jalilvand ◽  
Willa A. Hsueh
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Innate Immune Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immune

The role of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation in obesity and its multiple related-complications is a rapidly expanding area of scientific interest. Within the last 30 years, the role of the adipocyte as an endocrine and immunologic cell has been progressively established. Like the macrophage, the adipocyte is capable of linking the innate and adaptive immune system through the secretion of adipokines and cytokines; exosome release of lipids, hormones, and microRNAs; and contact interaction with other immune cells. Key innate immune cells in AT include adipocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and innate lymphoid cells type 2 (ILC2s). The role of the innate immune system in promoting adipose tissue inflammation in obesity will be highlighted in this review. T cells and B cells also play important roles in contributing to AT inflammation and are discussed in this series in the chapter on adaptive immunity.

scholarly journals An ST2-dependent role of bone marrow-derived group 2 innate lymphoid cells in pulmonary fibrosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyue Zhao ◽  
Francina Gonzalez De Los Santos ◽  
Zhe Wu ◽  
Tianju Liu ◽  
Sem H Phan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Group 2

scholarly journals The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Chronic Respiratory Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy T. Hsu ◽  
Timothy A. Gottschalk ◽  
Evelyn Tsantikos ◽  
Margaret L. Hibbs
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Immune System

The lung is a vital mucosal organ that is constantly exposed to the external environment, and as such, its defenses are continuously under threat. The pulmonary immune system has evolved to sense and respond to these danger signals while remaining silent to innocuous aeroantigens. The origin of the defense system is the respiratory epithelium, which responds rapidly to insults by the production of an array of mediators that initiate protection by directly killing microbes, activating tissue-resident immune cells and recruiting leukocytes from the blood. At the steady-state, the lung comprises a large collection of leukocytes, amongst which are specialized cells of lymphoid origin known as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs are divided into three major helper-like subsets, ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3, which are considered the innate counterparts of type 1, 2 and 17 T helper cells, respectively, in addition to natural killer cells and lymphoid tissue inducer cells. Although ILCs represent a small fraction of the pulmonary immune system, they play an important role in early responses to pathogens and facilitate the acquisition of adaptive immunity. However, it is now also emerging that these cells are active participants in the development of chronic lung diseases. In this mini-review, we provide an update on our current understanding of the role of ILCs and their regulation in the lung. We summarise how these cells and their mediators initiate, sustain and potentially control pulmonary inflammation, and their contribution to the respiratory diseases chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.

scholarly journals The development of innate lymphoid cells requires TOX-dependent generation of a common innate lymphoid cell progenitor

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey R Seehus ◽  
Parinaz Aliahmad ◽  
Brian de la Torre ◽  
Iliyan D Iliev ◽  
Lindsay Spurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cell
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