Ethnic-Specific Genetic Association of Variants in the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 1 Gene with Nicotine Dependence

Twin and family studies indicate that smoking addiction is highly influenced by genetic factors. Variants in the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) gene have been associated with alcoholism and depression. In this study, we tested five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inCRHR1for their association with ND, which was assessed by smoking quantity (SQ), the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI), and the Fagerström test for ND (FTND) in 2,037 subjects from 602 families of either European American (EA) or African American (AA) ancestry. Association analysis of the five SNPs revealed a significant association of rs171440 with SQ in the AA sample and with SQ and FTND in the pooled AA and EA samples. Haplotype-based association analysis indicated significant association of haplotypes C-C (56.9%) and T-C (38.9%), formed by SNPs rs171440 and rs1396862, with SQ in the AA sample, C-C-G (47.6%) with SQ, and T-C-G (42.3%), formed by SNPs rs171440, rs1396862, and rs878886, with SQ and FTND in the pooled AA and EA samples. However, none of these associations remained significant after correction for multiple testing. Together, our results provide suggestive evidence for the involvement ofCRHR1in ND, which warrants further investigation using larger independent samples.

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Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Receptor 1 Gene (CRHR1) Are Associated With Quantitative Trait of Event-Related Potential and Alcohol Dependence

Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01173.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 988-996 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Andrew C. H. Chen ◽

Niklas Manz ◽

Yongqiang Tang ◽

Madhavi Rangaswamy ◽

Laura Almasy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Hormone Receptor ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Releasing Hormone

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Lack of association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) gene and alcohol dependence

Journal of Psychiatric Research ◽

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.12.004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 475-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

J DAHL ◽

G DOYLE ◽

D OSLIN ◽

R BUONO ◽

T FERRARO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Hormone Receptor ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Releasing Hormone

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An evaluation of corticotropin-releasing hormone and leptin SNPs relative to cattle behaviour

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas2011-046 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 91 (4) ◽

pp. 567-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. A. Pugh ◽

J. M. Stookey ◽

F. C. Buchanan

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Exit Time ◽

Beef Steers ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Subjective Score ◽

Positive Effect

Pugh, K. A., Stookey, J. M. and Buchanan, F. C. 2011. An evaluation of corticotropin-releasing hormone and leptin SNPs relative to cattle behaviour. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 562–572. The purpose of this study was to identify associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two genes involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and growth, namely corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and leptin (LEP), and measurements of temperament in beef cattle. Four hundred crossbred beef steers were evaluated upon entry into a beef facility using several different measurements of response to handling: subjective score (SS), strain gauge (SG), movement measurement device (MMD) and exit time (ET). The steers were genotyped at the CRH 22C>G, CRH 240C>G and LEP 73C>T SNPs by PCR-RFLP. The SNP genotypes and two-way interactions between LEP and each CRH SNP were analyzed as effects on the various temperament measurements. We found interactions between CRH 22C>G and LEP and CRH 240C>G and LEP with SG. Within this interaction there appears to be a positive effect of one CRH allele (C) within LEP TT animals while in LEP CC the other CRH allele (G) had a positive effect. These interactions, especially between CRH 22C>G and LEP, needs to be confirmed in other populations of beef cattle. It may be possible in the future to select for temperament alongside production goals.

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