scholarly journals Nodular Elastosis of the Pancreas

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Whitney Wedel ◽  
Geoffrey Talmon ◽  
Aaron Sasson
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Colonic Polyp ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Benign Process ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Elastofibromatous change is a benign process that has been increasingly recognized in the tubular gastrointestinal tract. These changes can present as a colonic polyp or be seen in conjunction with inflammatory changes. Similar lesions have been noted in the liver, apparently associated with vascular injury. We describe a case in which multiple circumscribed nodules of elastofibromatous change within the pancreas had a similar morphology to nodular elastosis of the liver. To our knowledge, this is the first description of such a finding occurring within the pancreas.

scholarly journals Unusual presentation of intestinal myiasis due to Musca domestica: A report of two cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Achra ◽  
Pradyot Prakash ◽  
Bhupendra Verma ◽  
Askash Amar
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Bowel Habits ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Intestinal myiasis is an accidental phenomenon that occurs when fly eggs or larvae are ingested in food and passed into the faeces as larvae. It is usually transient and the patients are asymptomatic. In some cases, however, the passage of larvae may be associated with symptoms. The present case reports describe two such cases, one associated with persistent passage of maggots in stool and urticaria; and other associated with altered bowel habits and inflammatory changes in lower gastrointestinal tract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i1.10803 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(1) 2015 124-126

Targeted Enzyme-Specific Molecular MR Imaging of Focal Catheter-Induced Vacscular Injury

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. DeLeo ◽  
Matthew J. Gounis ◽  
Ajay K. Wakhloo ◽  
Alexei A. Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Nf Kappa B ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
Vessel Dissection ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Damaged Vessel ◽  
Biplane Fluoroscopy

Catheter-induced vascular injury is a complication of endovascular neurosurgery that may have serious consequences. Other than gross vessel dissection and / or perforation, vessel damage is not visible using standard digital biplane fluoroscopy. Furthermore, the molecular environment in the damaged vessel wall is largely unknown. Recent studies have implicated inflammatory changes in the damaged vessel wall, including upregulation of the key inflammatory mediator NF-kappa-B [1]. Other mediators of inflammation, such as tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, are upregulated following arterial de-endothelialization [2]. The enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) is known to play significant roles in the progression of vascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis. However, it is unknown whether MPO is involved in catheter-induced vascular injury. In this study, we performed feasibility experiments in an attempt to detect areas of vascular injury using the paramagnetic MR MPO-specific contrast agent, di-5-HT-GdDTPA, which has been shown to be sensitive and specific for MPO both in vitro and in vivo.

Features of NSAIDs' use in pandemic. Gastroenterologist's view

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
E. I. Sas
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Cox 1

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are drugs used to treat acute and chronic pain associated primarily with inflammatory changes. This group of drugs is widely used in neurology, rheumatology, traumatology, etc. The main mechanism of action of the drugs is associated with the effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and blockade of the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins (PG), as well as the effect on COX-1 and suppression of the synthesis of cytoprotective PG, which determines the possibility of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract. In the pandemic, the use of this group of drugs has increased many times over. Features of the clinical course of both the viral infection itself and the use of other drugs leads to a significant change in the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs, which may lead to the development of undesirable side effects.

Vascular Injury Characterizes Doxycycline-induced Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Mucosal Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R. Shih ◽  
Gregory Y. Lauwers ◽  
Anthony Mattia ◽  
Esperance A.K. Schaefer ◽  
Joseph Misdraji
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vascular Injury ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

scholarly journals Safe use of meloxicam in clinical practice

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
E. I. Sas ◽  
V. B. Grinevich
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Selective Inhibitors ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – means of treatment of acute and chronic pain associated primarily with inflammatory changes, so this group of drugs is widely used in neurology, rheumatology, traumatology, etc. The mechanism of action of the drugs is associated with the effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COG-2) and blockade of proinflammatory prostaglandins (PG) synthesis, as well as the effect on COG-1 and suppression of cytoprotective PG synthesis, which determines the possibility of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Now application of NPVP is focused not so much on increase of efficiency, as on their big safety. Creation of COG-2-selective inhibitors (meloxicam) and COG-2-high selective inhibitors (coxybes) allowed to reduce significantly the risk of complications from gastrointestinal tract while maintaining high efficiency. Thus, the safety profile of meloxicam, mainly inhibiting COG-2, is estimated in a whole series of studies. In particular, two large prospective controlled trials - MELISSA and SELECT - proved that meloxicam is less toxic to gastrointestinal tract than traditional NSAIDs. Thus, a reasonable conclusion can be made about the high efficacy of meloxicam, which is not inferior to that of non-selective NSAIDs, with good tolerability and safety of the drug against gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Liver abscess in the caudate lobe caused by a fishbone and treated by laparoscopy: a case report

BMC Surgery ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xia ◽  
Peng Zhu ◽  
Xiao-ping Chen ◽  
Bi-xiang Zhang ◽  
Ming-yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Caudate Lobe ◽  
Abscess Formation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Abstract Background Ingestion of fish bones leading to gastric perforation and inducing abscess formation in the caudate lobe of the liver is very rare. Case presentation A 67-year-old man presented to our hospital with a 2-day history of subxiphoid pain. There were no specific symptoms other than pain. Laboratory tests showed only an increase in the number and percentage of neutrophils. Contrast-enhanced Computerized tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed two linear dense opacities in the gastric cardia, one of which penetrated the stomach and was adjacent to the caudate lobe of the liver, with inflammatory changes in the caudate lobe. We finally diagnosed his condition as a caudate lobe abscess secondary to intestinal perforation caused by a fishbone based on the history and imaging findings. The patient underwent 3D laparoscopic partial caudate lobectomy, incision and drainage of the liver abscess, and fishbone removal. The procedure was successful and we removed the fishbone from the liver. The patient was discharged on the 9th postoperative day without other complications. Conclusions Liver abscess caused by foreign bodies requires multidisciplinary treatment. Especially when located in the caudate lobe, we must detect and remove the cause of the abscess as early as possible. Foreign bodies that perforate the gastrointestinal tract can penetrate to the liver and cause abscess formation, as in this case. When exploring the etiology of liver abscesses, we should investigate the general condition, including the whole gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Inflammation Shows Morphologic Similarities to, but Is Immunologically Distinct From, Helicobacter pylori Gastritis and Celiac Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Irshaid ◽  
Marie E. Robert ◽  
Xuchen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies ◽  
Lymphoid Aggregates ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Gastritis

Context.— Immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapies are associated with multi-organ immune-related adverse events. Although colonic mucosal changes have been described, inflammatory changes incited by CPIs in the upper gastrointestinal tract have not been well characterized. Objective.— To investigate morphologic and immunologic changes incited by CPI therapy in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Design.— We compared the morphology and immune cell phenotype of gastric and duodenal biopsies from patients treated with anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) or anti–programmed death receptor-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) antibodies with biopsies from patients with Helicobacter pylori gastritis, patients with celiac disease, and normal controls. Results.— Gastric biopsies from patients on CPIs showed chronic gastritis mimicking H pylori gastritis. However, CPI gastritis demonstrated greater numbers of CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes, less lamina propria inflammation, fewer plasma cells and CD20+ B cells, fewer lymphoid aggregates, and reduced CD4:CD8 ratio in both the lamina propria and the epithelial layer. There were no differences between anti–CTLA-4 and anti–PD-1/PD-L1 gastritis, except for more lymphoid aggregates in anti–PD-1/PD-L1 gastritis. Duodenal biopsies from patients on CPIs revealed chronic duodenitis with villous blunting, mimicking celiac disease. Compared with celiac disease, CPI duodenitis demonstrated higher prevalence of neutrophilic infiltrates and erosions, increased lamina propria CD3 and CD8 T cells, and reduced CD4:CD8 ratio. Upper gastrointestinal biopsies were more inflamed than concomitant colonic biopsies in the majority of patients. Conclusions.— The morphologic and immunophenotypic distinctions between CPI-associated upper gastrointestinal injuries and common infectious and autoimmune diseases may provide useful discriminators when clinicians are confronted with gastric and duodenal inflammatory changes in patients receiving CPI therapy.

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