scholarly journals Neural Differentiation in HDAC1-Depleted Cells Is Accompanied by Coilin Downregulation and the Accumulation of Cajal Bodies in Nucleoli

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Krejčí ◽  
Soňa Legartová ◽  
Eva Bártová
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Cajal Bodies ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Nuclear Events ◽  
Adult Hippocampus ◽  
Similar Distribution Pattern

Cajal bodies (CBs) are important compartments containing accumulated proteins that preferentially regulate RNA-related nuclear events, including splicing. Here, we studied the nuclear distribution pattern of CBs in neurogenesis. In adult brains, coilin was present at a high density, but CB formation was absent in the nuclei of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles. Cells of the adult hippocampus were characterized by a crescent-like morphology of coilin protein. We additionally observed a 70 kDa splice variant of coilin in adult mouse brains, which was different to embryonic brains and mouse pluripotent embryonic stem cells (mESCs), characterized by the 80 kDa standard variant of coilin. Here, we also showed that depletion of coilin is induced during neural differentiation and HDAC1 deficiency in mESCs caused coilin accumulation inside the fibrillarin-positive region of the nucleoli. A similar distribution pattern was observed in adult brain hippocampi, characterized by lower levels of both coilin and HDAC1. In summary, we observed that neural differentiation and HDAC1 deficiency lead to coilin depletion and coilin accumulation in body-like structures inside the nucleoli.

Role of blood pressure in mediating the influence of salt intake on renin expression in the kidney

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (10) ◽  
pp. F1278-F1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Machura ◽  
Björn Neubauer ◽  
Dominik Steppan ◽  
Ramona Kettl ◽  
Andreas Groβ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Afferent Arterioles ◽  
Similar Distribution Pattern

The salt intake of an organism controls the number of renin-producing cells in the kidney by yet undefined mechanisms. This study aimed to assess a possible mediator role of preglomerular blood pressure in the control of renin expression by oral salt intake. We used wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking angiotensin II type 1a receptors (AT1a−/−) displaying an enhanced salt sensitivity to renin expression. In WT kidneys, we found renin-expressing cells at the ends of all afferent arterioles. A low-salt diet (0.02%) led to a moderate twofold increase in renin-expressing cells along afferent arterioles. In AT1a−/− mice, lowering of salt content led to a 12-fold increase in renin expression. Here, the renin-expressing cells were distributed along the preglomerular vascular tree in a typical distal-to-proximal distribution gradient which was most prominent at high salt intake and was obliterated at low salt intake by the appearance of renin-expressing cells in proximal parts of the preglomerular vasculature. While lowering of salt intake produced only a small drop in blood pressure in WT mice, the marked reduction of systolic blood pressure in AT1a−/− mice was accompanied by the disappearance of the distribution gradient from afferent arterioles to arcuate arteries. Unilateral renal artery stenosis in AT1a−/− mice on a normal salt intake produced a similar distribution pattern of renin-expressing cells as did low salt intake. Conversely, increasing blood pressure by administration of the NOS inhibitor N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester or of the adrenergic agonist phenylephrine in AT1a−/− mice kept on low salt intake produced a similar distribution pattern of renin-producing cells as did normal salt intake alone. These findings suggest that changes in preglomerular blood pressure may be an important mediator of the influence of salt intake on the number and distribution of renin-producing cells in the kidney.

scholarly journals Differentiated microdomains on the luminal surface of the capillary endothelium. I. Preferential distribution of anionic sites.

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Simionescu ◽  
M Simionescu ◽  
G E Palade
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Coated Pits ◽  
Free Aldehyde ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Aldehyde Groups ◽  
Similar Distribution Pattern

Cationized ferritin (CF), introduced systemically in vivo or by perfusion in situ, binds preferentially to certain microdomains of the luminal plasmalemma of fenestrated capillaries (mouse pancreas and jejunum). The density and affinity of binding decrease in the following order: fenestral diaphragms greater than coated pits greater than plasmalemma proper. CF binds neither to the membrane of plasmalemmal vesicles and transendothelial channels nor to the corresponding stomatal diaphragms. The distribution pattern is the same when glutaraldehyde fixation precedes the administration of the tracer by perfusion, provided fixation is followed by quenching of residual free aldehyde groups. A much smaller cationic probe (alcian blue) perfused together with the fixative reveals a similar distribution pattern. The functional implications of the association of these microdomains with structures involved in capillary permeability are discussed.

scholarly journals Recent shallow marine Ostracoda of the Ikerssuak (Bredefjord) District, Southwest Greenland

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Penney
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
The Town ◽  
Similar Distribution Pattern ◽  
Ostracod Species ◽  
Southwest Greenland

Abstract. From a study of 15 grab samples collected from the littoral and sublittoral of the Ikerssuak (Bredefjord) district, SW Greenland, one myodocopid and 18 podocopid ostracod species were recovered. These constitute an indigenous fauna and the majority have been recorded from Greenland before. Leptocythere castanea and Leptocythere lacertosa are new to Greenland, and have not previously been confirmed from the western Atlantic. Copulating pairs of Hemicythere borealis were found in an intertidal embayment near the town of Narssaq. This species reproduced just before the late summer-autumn maximum of primary production in the area, and at the warmest time of the year. Semicytherura nigrescens, which has been recorded previously in SW Greenland, may have a similar distribution pattern to certain Subarctic Mollusca in western Greenland.

scholarly journals Neural stem cells: involvement in adult neurogenesis and CNS repair

2008 ◽  
Vol 363 (1500) ◽  
pp. 2111-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Okano ◽  
Kazunobu Sawamoto
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cell Transplantation Therapy ◽  
Transplantation Therapy

Recent advances in stem cell research, including the selective expansion of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro , the induction of particular neural cells from embryonic stem cells in vitro , the identification of NSCs or NSC-like cells in the adult brain and the detection of neurogenesis in the adult brain (adult neurogenesis), have laid the groundwork for the development of novel therapies aimed at inducing regeneration in the damaged central nervous system (CNS). There are two major strategies for inducing regeneration in the damaged CNS: (i) activation of the endogenous regenerative capacity and (ii) cell transplantation therapy. In this review, we summarize the recent findings from our group and others on NSCs, with respect to their role in insult-induced neurogenesis (activation of adult NSCs, proliferation of transit-amplifying cells, migration of neuroblasts and survival and maturation of the newborn neurons), and implications for therapeutic interventions, together with tactics for using cell transplantation therapy to treat the damaged CNS.

Asxl1 ablation in mouse embryonic stem cells impairs neural differentiation without affecting self-renewal

2019 ◽  
Vol 508 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
SoJung An ◽  
Ui-Hyun Park ◽  
Seungtae Moon ◽  
Myengmo Kang ◽  
Hyesook Youn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Self Renewal
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