scholarly journals Difference between Burley Tobacco and Flue-Cured Tobacco in Nitrate Accumulation and Chemical Regulation of Nitrate and TSNA Contents

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Li ◽  
Hongzhi Shi ◽  
Huijuan Yang ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Specific Nitrosamines ◽  
Growth Experiments

Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are harmful carcinogens, with nitrate as a precursor of their formation. Nitrate content is considerably higher in burley tobacco than in flue-cured tobacco, but little has been reported on the differences between types of nitrate accumulation during development. We explored nitrate accumulation prior to harvest and examined the effects of regulatory substances aimed at decreasing nitrate and TSNA accumulation. In growth experiments, nitrate accumulation in burley and flue-cured tobacco initially increased but then declined with the highest nitrate content observed during a fast-growth period. When treating tobacco crops with molybdenum (Mo) during fast growth, nitrate reductase activity in burley tobacco increased significantly, but the NO3-N content decreased. These treatments also yielded significant reductions in NO3-N and TSNA contents. Therefore, we suggest that treatment with Mo during the fast-growth period and a Mo-Gfo (Mo-glufosinate) combination at the maturity stage is an effective strategy for decreasing nitrate and TSNAs during cultivation.

scholarly journals Biomass accumulation, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, nutrient contents and nitrate reductase activity in young rosewood plants (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) submitted to different NO3-:NH4+ ratios

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denize Caranhas de Sousa Barreto ◽  
José Francisco de Carvalho Gonçalves ◽  
Ulysses Moreira dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Andreia Varmes Fernandes ◽  
Adriana Bariani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Culture Substrate

The rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) is a native tree species of Amazon rainforest growing naturally in acidic forest soils with reduced redox potential. However, this species can also been found growing in forest gaps containing oxide soils. Variations in the forms of mineral nitrogen (NO3- or NH4+) may be predicted in these different edaphic conditions. Considering that possibility, an experiment was carried out to analyze the effects of different NO3-:NH4+ ratios on the growth performance, mineral composition, chloroplastid pigment contents, photochemical efficiency photosystem II (PSII), and nitrate redutase activity (RN, E.C.1.6.6.1) on A. rosaeodora seedlings. Nine-month-old seedlings were grown in pots with a washed sand capacity of 7.5 kg and submitted to different NO3-:NH4+ ratios (T1 = 0:100%, T2 = 25:75%, T3 = 50:50%, T4 = 75:25%, and T5 = 100:0%). The lowest relative growth rate was observed when the NO3-:NH4+ ratio was equal to 0:100%. In general, high concentrations of NO3- rather than NH4+ favored a greater nutrient accumulation in different parts of the plant. For the chloroplastid pigment, the highest Chl a, Chl b, Chl tot, Chl a/b and Chl tot/Cx+c contents were found in the treatment with 75:25% of NO3-:NH4+, and for Chl b and Cx+c it was observed no difference. In addition, there was a higher photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) when high NO3- concentrations were used. A linear and positive response for the nitrate reductase activity was recorded when the nitrate content increased on the culture substrate. Our results suggest that A. rosaeodora seedlings have a better growth performance when the NO3- concentrations in the culture substrate were higher than the NH4+ concentrations.

Effects of Copper Stress on Nitrogen Metabolism in Metallicolous and Non-Metallicolous Populations of Rumex dentatus L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Wu Xing Huang ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Cong Ren
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Copper Stress ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Cu Stress ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Shoot And Root Biomass

Two Rumex dentatus populations, one from copper (Cu) mine and the other from uncontaminated site, were studied for plant growth, Cu accumulation and nitrogen metabolism under Cu stress. At control, nitrate content in leaves and roots of metallicolous population (MP) showed little difference from those of non-metallicolous population (NMP). At 10 μM Cu treatment, nitrate content in leaves and roots of MP were significantly higher than those of NMP. Cu treatments significantly reduced nitrate reductase activity in leaves and roots of NMP compared with the controls while not in MP. Shoot and root biomass of NMP were inhibited more significantly than those of MP. Cu concentration in shoot and root of NMP were higher than those of MP both at control and under Cu stress. These results suggested less Cu absorbed and efficient nitrogen metabolism in MP might be partly reasons why R. dentatus can colonize Cu enriched soils.

Nitrate content and nitrate reductase activity in Rumex obtusifolius L.

Oecologia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Melzer ◽  
G. Gebauer ◽  
H. Rehder
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Rumex Obtusifolius

Effets d'un éclairage d'appoint sur la croissance et le métabolisme azoté primaire de la laitue mâche et de l'épinard cultivés en serre

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Chadjaâ ◽  
Louis-Philippe Vézina ◽  
André Gosselin
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Supplementary Lighting ◽  
Nitrates Content ◽  
High Yields

Two cultivars of Lamb's lettuce (Valerianella sp. 'Valgros' et 'Vit') and one cultivar of spinach (Spinacea oleracea L. 'Martine RZ F1') were subjected to three light treatments. Two photoperiods, 12 h and 16 h were compared to natural light between January and April 1994. A photosynthetic flux of 50 µmol m–2 s–1 was provided as supplementary lighting using HPS lamps. The use of artificial lighting significantly increased biomass and nitrate reductase activity, while also reducing nitrate accumulation in leaves. The 16 h-photoperiod increased biomass and reduced nitrates content in leaves more than the 12 h photoperiod. In Lamb's lettuce, Valgos was more productive than Vit but accumulated more nitrates. The use of supplementary lighting gave high yields of lamb's lettuce and spinach in greenhouse under northern climatic conditions. Key words: Lamb's lettuce, spinach, nitrate reductase activity, nitrate, Valerianella sp., Spinacea oleracea L.

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