Końska mięta (Mentha arvensis), kobyli szczaw (Rumex obtusifolius) i krowi mlecz (Taraxacum officinale)

Field Mint [Polish: “Horse Mint”] (Mentha arvensis), Curly Dock [Polish: “Mare Dock”] (Rumex obtusifolius) and Dandelion [Polish: “Cow Dandelion”] (Taraxacum officinale). On the Names of Farm Animals in Folk Phytonyms The subject of the article are folk phytonyms with an animal component. While analyzing the “animal” names of plants in the cultural context, the author reaches for so-called “co-linguistic data” (i.e. folk knowledge, beliefs and practices) related to animals and plants. Also, she arranges the phytonyms according to the semantic criterion, distinguishing the names of plants motivated by: (1) the animal’s appearance and (2) the appearance of the animal’s body parts, (3) animals’ smells, (4) the use of a plant as animal food, (5) the way in which the plant is used in folk magic and (6) in folk veterinary medicine. The analysis of dialectal names of plants in the cultural context makes it possible to consider the status of the animal part of the name. On the basis of her analyses, the author proves that both in the case of complex plant names and noun derivatives, the animal part of the name becomes “independent” in terms of a meaning and adopts qualitative meanings such as “big, great”, “dedicated to an animal (as food or medicine)”, “worse, useless for a human being”.

INVESTIGATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BARK OF PRUNUS CORNUTA AND ROOT OF RUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS

In the present research work, in vitro, the antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of bark of Prunus cornuta and root of Rumex obtusifolius, respectively, was assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging method. Total phenolic content (TPC) of methanolic extracts was also determined by spectrophotometric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and calculated in ?g/mL gallic acid equivalent (GAE). DPPH scavenging activity results show that the root extract of Rumex obtusifolius (IC50 = 17.15) and bark extract of Prunus cornuta (IC50 = 27.32) shows good antioxidant potential. TPC of root extract was found to be 178.56 ?g/g GAE, and bark extract was 137.23 ?g/g GAE. Antioxidant effect (%) determined by using phosphomolybdate assay and superoxide anion radical scavenging percentage further supports the potential antioxidant activity.

Yield of subterranean clover after post-emergence herbicide application for broadleaf weed control

A field experiment was established in Lincoln, Canterbury in autumn 2018 to evaluate the effect of acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides on subterraneun (sub) clover. Two herbicides, imazethapyr and flumetsulam, were applied to seven sub clover cultivars at the 4-5 trifoliate leaf stage during July 2018. By December 2018, both herbicides had reduced the broadleaf weed yield by 1000 kg DM/ha. Sub clover herbage yield in spring (3 Oct 2018) increased only for ‘Antas’ and ‘Napier’ cultivars but all cultivars had an increase in total annual herbage yield when herbicides were applied. Plots were managed for seed set so re-establishment was examined. Imazethapyr had a longer residual than flumetsulam with greater control of broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius) eight months after application. Herbicide application had no effect on subsequent sub clover emergence the following year. This experiment demonstrated the potential to establish a pure sward of sub clover with the use of ALS inhibiting herbicides, which could be used to create a high legume base in pasture before overdrilling grass the following year.

Evaluation of the effects of Rumex obtusifolius seed and leaf extracts against Acanthamoeba: An in vitro study

Background: Acanthamoebiasis treatment is a major and challenging problem due to the presence of resistant cyst form. Many herbal extracts and their derivatives have been used against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba, but no effective therapeutic agent has yet been discovered. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rumex obtusifolius (R. obtusifolius) extracts against a clinical strain of Acanthamoeba genotype T4 in vitro. Methods: In this experimental study, after genotyping the clinical isolate, the hydroalcohlic extracts of R. obtusifolius seeds and leaves were prepared. Different concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml) of extracts were tested in triplicate (24, 48 and 72h) on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba. Mortality of the parasite was assessed by trypan blue vital staining and flow cytometry analysis. Results: Results showed that the extract of R. obtusifolius leaves at the concentration of 10 mg/ml killed 100% of trophozoites and cysts after 72 h. However, the seed extract of R. obtusifolius had weak inhibitory effects on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba. In the presence of 10 mg/ml of hydroalcohlic seed extract of R.obtusifolius in culture medium after 72 h, 28.6% of trophozoites and 0% of cysts of Acanthamoeba were killed. After analysis by flow cytometry, seeds and leaves extracts indicated apoptosis effect. Seed and leaf of extracts caused 2.6% and 0.4% percent apoptosis. Conclusion: These extracts are not promising candidates for further medicine development on acanthamoebiasis. Nonetheless, further researches are necessary to clarify effective fractions of seed and leaf extracts of R. obtusifolius and their mechanisms of action.