Direction-Dependent Effects of Combined Static and ELF Magnetic Fields on Cell Proliferation and Superoxide Radical Production

Proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was stimulated by a nearly vertical 60 or 120 μT static magnetic field (MF) in comparison to cells that were shielded against MFs. When the static field was combined with an extremely low frequency (ELF) MF (18 Hz, 30 μT), proliferation was suppressed by a horizontal but not by a vertical ELF field. As these results suggested that the effects of an ELF MF depend on its direction in relation to the static MF, independent experiments were carried out to confirm such dependence using 50 Hz MFs and a different experimental model. Cytosolic superoxide level in rat glioma C6 cells exposed in the presence of a nearly vertical 33 μT static MF was increased by a horizontal 50 Hz, 30 μT MF, but not affected by a vertical 50 Hz MF. The results suggest that a weak ELF MF may interact with the static geomagnetic field in producing biological effects, but the effect depends on the relative directions of the static and ELF MFs.

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Presence of a charybdotoxin sensitive Ca2+-activated K+ channel in rat glioma C6 cells

Neuroscience Letters ◽

10.1016/0304-3940(88)90031-6 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 279-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

P.W.L. Tas ◽

H.G. Kress ◽

K. Koschel

Keyword(s):

K Channel ◽

C6 Cells ◽

Rat Glioma ◽

Glioma C6

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The effect of low doses of doxorubicin on the rat glioma C6 cells in the context of the proteins involved in intercellular interactions

Acta Histochemica ◽

10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 122 (7) ◽

pp. 151625

Author(s):

Marta Hałas-Wiśniewska ◽

Magdalena Izdebska ◽

Wioletta Zielińska ◽

Alina Grzanka

Keyword(s):

Low Doses ◽

C6 Cells ◽

Intercellular Interactions ◽

Rat Glioma ◽

Glioma C6

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Synthesis, characterisation, cytotoxicity and radioprotective effect of novel chiral nitronyl nitroxyl radicals

Journal of Chemical Research ◽

10.3184/030823409x12474221035163 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 (8) ◽

pp. 511-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xiang-Yang Qin ◽

Gui-Rong Ding ◽

Xiao-Wu Wang ◽

Juan Tan ◽

Guo-Zhen Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitroxyl Radicals ◽

Radioprotective Effect ◽

C6 Cells ◽

Rat Glioma ◽

Tert Butyl ◽

Glioma C6

Nitroxyl compounds have been previously investigated as potential radioprotection drugs. To develop new radioprotectors, two kinds of novel chiral nitronyl nitroxyl radicals: L- tert-butyl 2-(4, 5-dihydro-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-3-oxido-1 H-imidazol-3-ium-1-oxyl-2-yl) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate ( L-NNP) and L- tert-butyl 2-[(4-(4, 5-dihydro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-3-oxido-1 H-imidazol-3-ium-1-oxyl-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)methyl] pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate ( L-NNVP) have been synthesised. The cytotoxic and radioprotective effects of these two compounds were then evaluated in rat glioma C6 cells.

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Evidence for the multimeric structure of ferroportin

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2006-06-032516 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 109 (5) ◽

pp. 2205-2209 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Ivana De Domenico ◽

Diane McVey Ward ◽

Giovanni Musci ◽

Jerry Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Iron Overload ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Dominant Negative ◽

Mouse Bone Marrow ◽

C6 Cells ◽

Wild Type ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Dominant Form ◽

Rat Glioma ◽

Glioma C6

Abstract Ferroportin (Fpn) (IREG1, SLC40A1, MTP1) is an iron transporter, and mutations in Fpn result in a genetically dominant form of iron overload disease. Previously, we demonstrated that Fpn is a multimer and that mutations in Fpn are dominant negative. Other studies have suggested that Fpn is not a multimer and that overexpression or epitope tags might affect the localization, topology, or multimerization of Fpn. We generated wild-type Fpn with 3 different epitopes, GFP, FLAG, and c-myc, and expressed these constructs in cultured cells. Co-expression of any 2 different epitope-tagged proteins in the same cell resulted in their quantitative coimmunoprecipitation. Treatment of Fpn-GFP/Fpn-FLAG–expressing cells with crosslinking reagents resulted in the crosslinking of Fpn-GFP and Fpn-FLAG. Western analysis of rat glioma C6 cells or mouse bone marrow macrophages exposed to crosslinking reagents showed that endogenous Fpn is a dimer. These results support the hypothesis that the dominant inheritance of Fpn–iron overload disease is due to the dominant-negative effects of mutant Fpn proteins.

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Differences in the β-adrenergic responsiveness between high and low passage rat glioma C6 cells

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects ◽

10.1016/0304-4165(81)90210-5 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 678 (2) ◽

pp. 221-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

P MALLORGA ◽

J TALLMAN ◽

P FISHMAN

Keyword(s):

C6 Cells ◽

Rat Glioma ◽

Glioma C6 ◽

Low Passage

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Induction of micronuclei and superoxide production in neuroblastoma and glioma cell lines exposed to weak 50 Hz magnetic fields

Journal of The Royal Society Interface ◽

10.1098/rsif.2015.0995 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (114) ◽

pp. 20150995 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Kavindra Kumar Kesari ◽

Jukka Juutilainen ◽

Jukka Luukkonen ◽

Jonne Naarala

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Dna Integrity ◽

C6 Cells ◽

Adverse Health Effects ◽

Mitochondrial Superoxide ◽

Exposure Response

Extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) have been associated with adverse health effects in epidemiological studies. However, there is no known mechanism for biological effects of weak environmental MFs. Previous studies indicate MF effects on DNA integrity and reactive oxygen species, but such evidence is limited to MFs higher (greater than or equal to 100 µT) than those generally found in the environment. Effects of 10 and 30 µT fields were studied in SH-SY5Y and C6 cells exposed to 50-Hz MFs for 24 h. Based on earlier findings, menadione (MQ) was used as a cofactor. Responses to MF were observed in both cell lines, but the effects differed between the cell lines. Micronuclei were significantly increased in SH-SY5Y cells at 30 µT. This effect was largest at the highest MQ dose used. Increased cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide levels were observed in C6 cells. The effects on superoxide levels were independent of MQ, enabling further mechanistic studies without co-exposure to MQ. The micronucleus and mitochondrial superoxide data were consistent with a conventional rising exposure–response relationship. For cytosolic superoxide, the effect size was unexpectedly large at 10 µT. The results indicate that the threshold for biological effects of ELF MFs is 10 µT or less.

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