scholarly journals Hepatic Immune Microenvironment in Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Liver Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Seok Byun ◽  
Hyon-Seung Yi
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Many types of innate (natural killer cells, natural killer T cells, and Kupffer cells/macrophages) and adaptive (T cells and B cells) immune cells are enriched within the liver and function in liver physiology and pathology. Liver pathology is generally induced by two types of immunologic insults: failure to eliminate antigens derived from the gastrointestinal tract which are important for host defense and an impaired tissue protective tolerance mechanism that helps reduce the negative outcomes of immunopathology. Accumulating evidence from the last several decades suggests that hepatic immune cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver injury and inflammation in humans and mice. Here, we focus on the roles of innate and adaptive immune cells in the development and maintenance of alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Additionally, the pathogenesis of liver disease and new therapeutic targets for preventing and treating alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are discussed.

scholarly journals T Cell Subsets and Natural Killer Cells in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12190
Author(s):  
Yoseph Asmelash Gebru ◽  
Haripriya Gupta ◽  
Hyeong Seop Kim ◽  
Jung A. Eom ◽  
Goo Hyun Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition characterized by hepatic accumulation of excess lipids. T cells are commonly classified into various subsets based on their surface markers including T cell receptors, type of antigen presentation and pathophysiological functions. Several studies have implicated various T cell subsets and natural killer (NK) cells in the progression of NAFLD. While NK cells are mainly components of the innate hepatic immune system, the majority of T cell subsets can be part of both the adaptive and innate systems. Several studies have reported that various stages of NAFLD are accompanied by the accumulation of distinct T cell subsets and NK cells with different functions and phenotypes observed usually resulting in proinflammatory effects. More importantly, the overall stimulation of the intrahepatic T cell subsets is directly influenced by the homeostasis of the gut microbiota. Similarly, NK cells have been found to accumulate in the liver in response to pathogens and tumors. In this review, we discussed the nature and pathophysiological roles of T cell subsets including γδ T cells, NKT cells, Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells as well as NK cells in NAFLD.

scholarly journals Accumulation of natural killer T cells in progressive nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Hepatology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1998-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wing-Kin Syn ◽  
Ye Htun Oo ◽  
Thiago A. Pereira ◽  
Gamze F. Karaca ◽  
Youngmi Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Natural Killer T Cells ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Killer T Cells ◽  
Natural Killer T

Pathological findings of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiie Sakamoto ◽  
Hanako Tsujikawa ◽  
Kathryn Effendi ◽  
Hidenori Ojima ◽  
Kenichi Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver
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