Identifying Potential Child Abuse through Oral Examination

Limited reports of oropharyngeal trauma exist in the literature even though this type of injury is extremely common in pediatric populations. There are no widely agreed upon diagnostic and management tools for such injuries in abuse cases, emphasizing the importance of reporting rare cases of orofacial trauma. This case report of a soft palate laceration demonstrates an instance of initially unrecognized potential child abuse. We aim to clarify understanding of such injuries. Furthermore, the report highlights the need for recognition of oral signs of child abuse in order to promote early detection, reporting, and appropriate management.

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Do Racial Stereotypes Contribute to Medical Misdiagnosis of Child Abuse?

The Wrongful Conviction Law Review ◽

10.29173/wclawr23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 153-180

Author(s):

Cynthia J. Najdowski ◽

Kimberly M. Bernstein ◽

Katherine S. Wahrer

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Child Abuse ◽

Empirical Work ◽

Black Children ◽

Medical Community ◽

Protective Services ◽

Wrongful Convictions ◽

Race Bias ◽

Potential Child ◽

Black Infant

Despite growing recognition that misdiagnoses of child abuse can lead to wrongful convictions, little empirical work has examined how the medical community may contribute to these errors. Previous research has documented the existence and content of stereotypes that associate race with child abuse. The current study examines whether emergency medical professionals rely on this stereotype to fill in gaps in ambiguous cases involving Black children, thereby increasing the potential for misdiagnoses of child abuse. Specifically, we tested whether the race-abuse stereotype led participants to attend to more abuse-related details than infection-related details when an infant patient was Black versus White. We also tested whether this heuristic decision-making would be affected by contextual case facts; specifically, we examined whether race bias would be exacerbated or mitigated by a family’s involvement with child protective services (CPS). Results showed that participants did exhibit some biased information processing in response to the experimental manipulations. Even so, the race-abuse stereotype and heuristic decision-making did not cause participants to diagnose a Black infant patient with abuse more often than a White infant patient, regardless of his family’s involvement with CPS. These findings help illuminate how race may lead to different outcomes in cases of potential child abuse, while also demonstrating potential pathways through which racial disparities in misdiagnosis of abuse and subsequent wrongful convictions can be prevented.

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The Family Check-Up: Ecological Family-Based Assessments in the Context of Potential Child Abuse or Chaotic Home Environments

Journal of Health Service Psychology ◽

10.1007/s42843-021-00028-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 17-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robyn E. Metcalfe ◽

Claire L. Guidinger ◽

Elizabeth A. Stormshak

Keyword(s):

Child Abuse ◽

Home Environments ◽

Potential Child ◽

The Family ◽

Family Based

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Young child with painful edema and purpura: a case report

Italian Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s13052-021-01001-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Contorno ◽

Giorgio Cozzi ◽

Irene Berti ◽

Egidio Barbi ◽

Andrea Taddio

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Child Abuse ◽

Case Report ◽

Young Child ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Benign Condition ◽

Sickle Cell Crisis

Abstract Background We reported the case of a two-old-year boy with a painful acute hemorrhagic edema. This is a self-limited benign condition: usually, affected children are well appearing and this strongly support the diagnosis. In the opposite, in our case, we observed a painful presentation of the edema. Therefore, we demonstrated that rarely, this condition could have also a painful presentation. Conclusions This case report helps clinician to know that also acute hemorrhagic edema could have a painful presentation, so we must considered it in the differential diagnosis with sepsis, sickle cell crisis and child abuse. We believe that these findings will be of interest to pediatricians.

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The importance of early detection for postoperative maxillary cyst before dental implantation: A case report

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports ◽

10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106370 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 106370

Author(s):

Tatsuo Funakawa ◽

Hitoshi Kawanabe ◽

Akinobu Usami ◽

Keiso Takahashi ◽

Yasumasa Kato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Early Detection ◽

Dental Implantation ◽

Maxillary Cyst

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Early Detection of Wilms' Tumor in a Child with Hemihypertnophy and Ovarian Cysts

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.70.1.135 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 135-136

Author(s):

Deborah Tolchin ◽

Mordecai Koenigsberg ◽

Maria Santorineou

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Early Detection ◽

Ovarian Cyst ◽

Wilms Tumor ◽

Present Report ◽

Ovarian Cysts ◽

Term Pregnancy ◽

Intravenous Pyelogram ◽

Routine Examination ◽

Bilateral Wilms Tumor

There have been many reports of the association between hemihypertrophy and intraabdominal masses, including Wilms' tumor, hepatoma, and adrenal cortical neoplasias.1 The present report describes a patient with segmental hemihypertrophy, multiple ovarian cysts, and bilateral Wilms' tumor and suggests a screening regimen for patients with hemihypertrophy. CASE REPORT The patient was a 9 lb 14 oz product of a term pregnancy, who was well until a mass filling the entire right side of the abdomen was discovered on routine examination at 4 months of age. Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) confirmed a large prerenal mass which on ultrasound was felt to be an ovarian cyst.

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Continuous Quantitative Electroencephalogram (EEG) Monitoring for Early Detection of Brain Herniation in Large Hemispheric Infarction (LHI): A Case Report

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106158 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 106158

Author(s):

Jia Tian ◽

Luqing Zhang ◽

Pan Di ◽

Hu Liu ◽

Yi Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Early Detection ◽

Eeg Monitoring ◽

Brain Herniation ◽

Quantitative Electroencephalogram ◽

Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽

Hemispheric Infarction

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Foreign body: denture in oesophagus: a case report

Journal of Otolaryngology-ENT Research ◽

10.15406/joentr.2019.11.00439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 226-227

Author(s):

Nitin Arora ◽

Daljeet Kaur ◽

Urvashi Mishra ◽

Radhika Bhateja ◽

Nikhil Arora

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Early Intervention ◽

Foreign Body ◽

Early Detection ◽

Early Treatment ◽

Foreign Bodies ◽

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Upper Gi ◽

Laryngeal Nerve Injury

identally swallowed dentures are one of the most common foreign bodies of upper digestive tract in elderly people and it can lead to severe complications. Complications ranging from oesophageal rupture, mediastinitis, haemetemesis, and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury has been reported. Therefore, an early detection and an early intervention are important. We are reporting a case of accidentally swallowed denture. After the diagnosis of an impacted denture was made, upper GI Oesophagoscopy was done and it was removed in emergency OT. This case highlights the importance of an early treatment in order to avoid complications.

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