scholarly journals Image Retrieval Method for Multiscale Objects from Optical Colonoscopy Images

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Nosato ◽  
Hidenori Sakanashi ◽  
Eiichi Takahashi ◽  
Masahiro Murakawa ◽  
Hiroshi Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Medical Doctor ◽  
Retrieval Method ◽  
Optical Colonoscopy ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
High Level

Optical colonoscopy is the most common approach to diagnosing bowel diseases through direct colon and rectum inspections. Periodic optical colonoscopy examinations are particularly important for detecting cancers at early stages while still treatable. However, diagnostic accuracy is highly dependent on both the experience and knowledge of the medical doctor. Moreover, it is extremely difficult, even for specialist doctors, to detect the early stages of cancer when obscured by inflammations of the colonic mucosa due to intractable inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis. Thus, to assist the UC diagnosis, it is necessary to develop a new technology that can retrieve similar cases of diagnostic target image from cases in the past that stored the diagnosed images with various symptoms of colonic mucosa. In order to assist diagnoses with optical colonoscopy, this paper proposes a retrieval method for colonoscopy images that can cope with multiscale objects. The proposed method can retrieve similar colonoscopy images despite varying visible sizes of the target objects. Through three experiments conducted with real clinical colonoscopy images, we demonstrate that the method is able to retrieve objects of any visible size and any location at a high level of accuracy.

Cyclic Adenosine 3′, 5′ Monophosphate: A Possible Indicator of Premalignant Changes in the Large Bowel

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Latner ◽  
G. A. Turner ◽  
D. Tregoning
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Rectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Descending Colon ◽  
Malignant Changes

Cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′ monophosphate (cyclic-AMP) has been estimated in mucosal biopsy samples removed from the descending colon and rectum at endoscopy to investigate the possibility of using this substance for monitoring pre-malignant changes in the large bowel. Four groups of patients have been studied: those with normal large bowel and rectal mucosa; those with non-malignant inflammatory bowel disease; those with an adenomatous polyp in the descending colon or sigmoid colon; and those with a rectal adenocarcinoma. No difference was found in the cyclic-AMP content of ‘normal’ rectal mucosa, ‘normal’ colonic mucosa, ‘diseased’ colonic mucosa, carcinomas, and uninvolved mucosa adjacent to the polyps. Less cyclic-AMP was found in the polyps than in adjacent uninvolved mucosa. Conversely, more cyclic-AMP was found in the carcinomas than in adjacent uninvolved mucosa. It is concluded that although cyclic-AMP may be a very useful parameter for delineating the extent of the disease in individual patients, it is not a suitable biochemical marker for the screening of neoplastic changes in the large bowel in the population as a whole.

The influence of family pattern abnormalities in the early stages of life on the course of inflammatory bowel diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Włodarczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Sobolewska-Włodarczyk ◽  
Krystyna Stec-Michalska ◽  
Jakub Fichna ◽  
Maria Wiśniewska-Jarosińska
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Family Pattern ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Nutritional advantages of probiotics and prebiotics

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (S2) ◽  
pp. S153-S157 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Marteau ◽  
M. C. Boutron-Ruault
Keyword(s):  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Origin ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
High Level ◽  
Preventive Effects ◽  
Prevention Of Recurrence ◽  
Gut Pathogens

The potential ‘nutritional advantages’ of probiotics and prebiotics consist of preventive, and sometimes curative, effects against certain diseases. The evidence supporting such advantages, which requires randomised controlled trials and consistency of results from study to study, is rapidly increasing. This article summarizes the effects against diseases of intestinal origin. There is a high level of evidence for positive effects of some prebiotics to alleviate constipation and treat hepatic encephalopathy. Interesting aspects, but with a lower level of evidence at the present time, include prevention of colon cancer, intestinal infection, and recurrence of inflammatory bowel disease. There is a high level of evidence for positive effects of some probiotics in the alleviation of lactose intolerance, antibiotic-associated intestinal disorders and gastroenteritis. Evidence is rapidly growing regarding the prevention of recurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases. Positive trials have suggested preventive effects against intestinal colonization with specific gut pathogens includingClostridium difficileandHelicobacter pylori.

scholarly journals Mo1725 Possible Protective Role of Lymphangiogenesis in the Inflamed Colonic Mucosa of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. S-645
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Sato ◽  
Ryota Hokari ◽  
Koji Maruta ◽  
Yuichi Yasutake ◽  
Kazuyuki Narimatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals IL-33 Aggravates DSS-Induced Acute Colitis in Mouse Colon Lamina Propria by Enhancing Th2 Cell Responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng Zhu ◽  
Fangli Yang ◽  
Lixuan Sang ◽  
Jingbo Zhai ◽  
Xiaoqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Acute Colitis ◽  
Th1 Cell ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Th2 Cell ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
High Level

Interleukin- (IL-) 33, a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, is an important modulator of the immune system associated with several immune-mediated diseases. IL-33 was expressed in high level on epithelial cells of intestinal tract. It suggested that IL-33 plays a potential role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We investigated the role of interleukin- (IL-) 33 in dextran sulphate sodium- (DSS-) induced acute colitis in mice using recombinant mouse IL-33 protein (rIL-33). We found that DSS-induced acute colitis was aggravated by rIL-33 treatment. rIL-33-treated DSS mice showed markedly reduced levels of interferon- (IFN-)γand IL-17A in their colon lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), but the levels of Th2 cytokines, such as IL-5 and IL-13, in these cells were significantly increased, compared to DSS mice treated with PBS. Our results suggested that IL-33 stimulated CD4+T cells and caused the cell to adopt a Th2-type response but at the same time suppressed Th17 and Th1 cell responses. Therefore, IL-33 may be involved in pathogenesis of DSS-induced acute colitis by promoting Th2 cell response in intestinal mucosa of mice. Modulation of IL-33/ST2 signaling by monoclonal antibody (mAb) could be a novel biological therapy in DSS-induced acute colitis.

scholarly journals Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in the Study of Colonic Mucosa in IBD Patients: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Salvatori ◽  
Saverio Siciliano ◽  
Francesco Maione ◽  
Dario Esposito ◽  
Stefania Masone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is one of several novel methods that provide real-time, high-resolution imaging at a micronscale via endoscopes. CLE and related technologies are often termed “virtual biopsy” as they simulate the images seen in traditional histology. Recently, the use of CLE was reported in the study of colonic mucosa in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and in particular in patients affected by ulcerative colitis. CLE has the potential to have an important role in management of IBD patients as it can be used to assess the grading of colitis and in detection of microscopic colitis in endoscopically silent segments. Moreover, CLE can be used in surveillance programs especially in high-risk patients. This report aims to evaluate the current data on the application of confocal endomicroscopy in clinical gastroenterology and particularly in the study of colonic mucosa in UC patients.

Butyrate utilization by the colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 684-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Thibault ◽  
François Blachier ◽  
Béatrice Darcy-Vrillon ◽  
Pierre de Coppet ◽  
Arnaud Bourreille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel
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