scholarly journals Acupuncture Improved Neurological Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury by Activating BDNF/TrkB Pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Li ◽  
Chong Chen ◽  
Xiping Yang ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Ming-liang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Neurological Recovery ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
Induced Amelioration

How to promote neural repair following traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long been an intractable problem. Although acupuncture has been demonstrated to facilitate the neurological recovery, the underlying mechanism is elusive. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts substantial protective effects for neurological disorders. In this study, we found that the level of BDNF and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) was elevated spontaneously after TBI and reached up to the peak at 12 h. Nevertheless, this enhancement is quickly declined to the normal at 48 h. After combined stimulation at the acupoints of Baihui, Renzhong, Hegu, and Zusanli, we found that BDNF and TrkB were still significantly elevated at 168 h. We also observed that the downstream molecular p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 were significantly increased, suggesting that acupuncture could persistently activate the BDNF/TrkB pathway. To further verify that acupuncture improved recovery through activating BDNF/TrkB pathway, K252a (specific inhibitor of TrkB) was treated by injection stereotaxically into lateral ventricle. We observed that K252a could significantly prevent the acupuncture-induced amelioration of motor, sensation, cognition, and synaptic plasticity. These data indicated that acupuncture promoted the recovery of neurological impairment after TBI by activating BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway, providing new molecular mechanism for understanding traditional therapy of acupuncture.

Impact of Curcumin on Traumatic Brain Injury and Involved Molecular Signaling Pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Babak Roshanravan ◽  
Leila Peivasteh-roudsari
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
English Language ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Molecular Signaling Pathways

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide with no suitable treatment. The present study was designed to review the present literature about the protective effects of curcumin and the underlying mechanism against TBI. All published English language papers from beginning to 2019 were selected in this study. The findings indicate that curcumin may be effective against TBI outcomes by modulating the molecular signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, more experimental studies should be done to identify all mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of TBI. Patents for Curcumin and chronic inflammation and traumatic brain injury management (WO2017097805A1 and US9101580B2) were published. In conclusion, the present study confirmed the potential therapeutic impact of curcumin for treating TBI.

scholarly journals The Role of BDNF in Experimental and Clinical Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3582
Author(s):  
David Gustafsson ◽  
Andrea Klang ◽  
Sebastian Thams ◽  
Elham Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world with no current pharmacological treatment. The role of BDNF in neural repair and regeneration is well established and has also been the focus of TBI research. Here, we review experimental animal models assessing BDNF expression following injury as well as clinical studies in humans including the role of BDNF polymorphism in TBI. There is a large heterogeneity in experimental setups and hence the results with different regional and temporal changes in BDNF expression. Several studies have also assessed different interventions to affect the BDNF expression following injury. Clinical studies highlight the importance of BDNF polymorphism in the outcome and indicate a protective role of BDNF polymorphism following injury. Considering the possibility of affecting the BDNF pathway with available substances, we discuss future studies using transgenic mice as well as iPSC in order to understand the underlying mechanism of BDNF polymorphism in TBI and develop a possible pharmacological treatment.

Protective effects of zinc chelation in traumatic brain injury correlate with upregulation of neuroprotective genes in rat brain

2004 ◽  
Vol 355 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L Hellmich ◽  
Christopher J Frederickson ◽  
Douglas S DeWitt ◽  
Ricardo Saban ◽  
Margaret O Parsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Zinc Chelation

Correlation of brain levels of progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone with neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury in female mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Belen Lopez-Rodriguez ◽  
Estefania Acaz-Fonseca ◽  
Silvia Giatti ◽  
Donatella Caruso ◽  
Maria-Paz Viveros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurological Recovery ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Brain Levels

scholarly journals Narrative Review of the Pathophysiology of Headaches and Photosensitivity in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mares ◽  
Jehane H. Dagher ◽  
Mona Harissi-Dagher
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Glutamate Excitotoxicity ◽  
Secondary Headache ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Primary Headache Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractThe most common symptom of post-concussive syndrome (PCS) is post-traumatic headache (PTH) accompanied by photophobia. Post-traumatic headache is currently categorized as a secondary headache disorder with a clinical phenotype described by its main features and resembling one of the primary headache disorders: tension, migraine, migraine-like cluster. Although PTH is often treated with medication used for primary headache disorders, the underlying mechanism for PTH has yet to be elucidated. The goal of this narrative literature review is to determine the current level of knowledge of these PTHs and photophobia in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in order to guide further research and attempt to discover the underlying mechanism to both symptoms. The ultimate purpose is to better understand the pathophysiology of these symptoms in order to provide better and more targeted care to afflicted patients. A review of the literature was conducted using the databases CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed. All papers were screened for sections on pathophysiology of PTH or photophobia in mTBI patients. Our paper summarizes current hypotheses. Although the exact pathophysiology of PTH and photophobia in mTBI remains to be determined, we highlight several interesting findings and avenues for future research, including central and peripheral explanations for PTH, neuroinflammation, cortical spreading depolarization and the role of glutamate excitotoxicity. We discuss the possible neuroanatomical pathways for photophobia and hypothesize a possible common pathophysiological basis between PTH and photophobia.

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