scholarly journals Real-Time EEG Signal Enhancement Using Canonical Correlation Analysis and Gaussian Mixture Clustering

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Teng Lin ◽  
Chih-Sheng Huang ◽  
Wen-Yu Yang ◽  
Avinash Kumar Singh ◽  
Chun-Hsiang Chuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Gaussian Mixture ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are usually contaminated with various artifacts, such as signal associated with muscle activity, eye movement, and body motion, which have a noncerebral origin. The amplitude of such artifacts is larger than that of the electrical activity of the brain, so they mask the cortical signals of interest, resulting in biased analysis and interpretation. Several blind source separation methods have been developed to remove artifacts from the EEG recordings. However, the iterative process for measuring separation within multichannel recordings is computationally intractable. Moreover, manually excluding the artifact components requires a time-consuming offline process. This work proposes a real-time artifact removal algorithm that is based on canonical correlation analysis (CCA), feature extraction, and the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to improve the quality of EEG signals. The CCA was used to decompose EEG signals into components followed by feature extraction to extract representative features and GMM to cluster these features into groups to recognize and remove artifacts. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm was demonstrated by effectively removing artifacts caused by blinks, head/body movement, and chewing from EEG recordings while preserving the temporal and spectral characteristics of the signals that are important to cognitive research.

Real-time damage detection of degrading systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 810-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapas Tripura ◽  
Basuraj Bhowmik ◽  
Vikram Pakrashi ◽  
Budhaditya Hazra
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Damage Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Stiffness Reduction ◽  
The Impact

In this article, a robust output-only real-time damage detection technique for multi-degree-of-freedom degrading systems using recursive canonical correlation analysis is presented. It has been observed that the impact of damage to a vibrating system gradually advances with time that sustains until the system degrades up to a considerable extent. Of significant interest is the effect of sudden damage in presence of continuous degradation in real-time, which is studied in the form of a sudden stiffness reduction in a separate floor. The proposed recursive canonical correlation analysis algorithm estimates the iterative update of eigenspace at each instant from the response data, thereby capturing the features of a time varying degrading structure in an online framework. Furthermore, recursive canonical correlation analysis algorithm is shown to reduce the computational cost by updating the eigenspace at each instant of time. This article explores newly developed recursive condition indicators: recursive Mahalanobis distance and recursive Itakura distance that elicit damage information from the eigenspace. In order to model degradation, simulations aimed at successfully capturing the behavior of the process in real-time becomes imperative. A general stochastic formulation of the coupled response-degradation problem accounting for the evolution of degradation is presented in the light of stiffness degradation problems. The evolution of time varying system responses is generated using a newly proposed Ito–Taylor expansion-based stochastic numerical integration formulation. Numerically simulated structural vibrating systems, namely, 2-degree-of-freedom base-isolated and 4-degree-of-freedom linear systems, have been used to check the performance of the recursive canonical correlation analysis method. The spatial damage detectability of the algorithm in real-time is explored through identifying crack location on a beam traversed by a vehicle. Finally, an experimental case study has been carried out to verify the robustness of the proposed algorithm. The identification results for both numerical and experimental cases demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in identification of nonlinear and time varying behavior associated with degrading structural systems.

scholarly journals Real time vision/sensor based features processing for efficient HCI employing canonical correlation analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Ehab H. El-Shazly ◽  
Moataz M. Abdelwahab ◽  
Atsushi Shimada ◽  
Rin-ichiro Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Vision Sensor

Evaluating vector space models with canonical correlation analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-436
Author(s):  
SAMI VIRPIOJA ◽  
MARI-SANNA PAUKKERI ◽  
ABHISHEK TRIPATHI ◽  
TIINA LINDH-KNUUTILA ◽  
KRISTA LAGUS
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Indirect Evaluation ◽  
Vector Space Models

AbstractVector space models are used in language processing applications for calculating semantic similarities of words or documents. The vector spaces are generated with feature extraction methods for text data. However, evaluation of the feature extraction methods may be difficult. Indirect evaluation in an application is often time-consuming and the results may not generalize to other applications, whereas direct evaluations that measure the amount of captured semantic information usually require human evaluators or annotated data sets. We propose a novel direct evaluation method based on canonical correlation analysis (CCA), the classical method for finding linear relationship between two data sets. In our setting, the two sets are parallel text documents in two languages. A good feature extraction method should provide representations that reflect the semantic content of the documents. Assuming that the underlying semantic content is independent of the language, we can study feature extraction methods that capture the content best by measuring dependence between the representations of a document and its translation. In the case of CCA, the applied measure of dependence is correlation. The evaluation method is based on unsupervised learning, it is language- and domain-independent, and it does not require additional resources besides a parallel corpus. In this paper, we demonstrate the evaluation method on a sentence-aligned parallel corpus. The method is validated by showing that the obtained results with bag-of-words representations are intuitive and agree well with the previous findings. Moreover, we examine the performance of the proposed evaluation method with indirect evaluation methods in simple sentence matching tasks, and a quantitative manual evaluation of word translations. The results of the proposed method correlate well with the results of the indirect and manual evaluations.

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