scholarly journals Effects of Fluoride and Calcium Phosphate Materials on Remineralization of Mild and Severe White Spot Lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixiang Dai ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Yansong Ma ◽  
Li Cao ◽  
Hockin H. K. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Spot ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Mineralization Degree ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Fixed orthodontic treatments often lead to enamel demineralization and cause white spot lesions (WSLs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the mineralization degree of 2 types of WSLs based on ICDAS index and compare the remineralizing efficacy of 3 oral hygiene practices after 1 month and 3 months. 80 mild demineralized and 80 severe demineralized enamel specimens were randomized into three treatments: fluoride toothpaste (FT), fluoride varnish plus fluoride toothpaste (FV+FT), and CPP-ACP plus fluoride toothpaste (CPP-ACP+FT). Microhardness tester, DIAGNODent Pen 2190, and scanning electron microscope were used to evaluate the changes of mineralization degree. Both qualitative and quantitative indicators suggested that the mild and severe white spot lesions were different in the degree of mineralization. Severe WSLs demineralized much more seriously than mild lesions even after 3 months of treatment. Despite the variation in severity, both lesions had the same variation trend after each measure was applied: FT had weak therapeutic effect, FV + FT and CPP-ACP + FT were effective for remineralization. Their remineralizing efficacy was similar after 1 month, and combined use of CPP-ACP plus F toothpaste was more effective after 3 months. In order to fight WSLs, early diagnosis was of great importance, and examination of the tooth surface after air-dry for 5 seconds was recommended. Also, when WSLs were found, added remineralizing treatments were required.

scholarly journals In Vitro Comparison of Fluoride, Magnesium, and Calcium Phosphate Materials on Prevention of White Spot Lesions around Orthodontic Brackets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Selda Lale ◽  
Hikmet Solak ◽  
Evren Hınçal ◽  
Levent Vahdettin
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Surface Appearance ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Fixed Appliances

One common negative side effect of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is the development of white spot lesions (WSLs) around brackets. This study is aimed at comparing the efficacy of various oral hygiene practices in preventing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets under similar in vitro conditions. The study included 90 extracted bovine incisors, which were randomized into six groups: fluoride toothpaste (FT), nonfluoride toothpaste (NFT), fluoride varnish plus fluoride toothpaste (FV+FT), CPP-ACP varnish plus fluoride toothpaste (CPP-ACP+FT), medical minerals gel plus nonfluoride toothpaste (MMG+NFT), and no intervention (control). All groups were subjected to demineralization and remineralization cycles. Visual appraisals were used to evaluate the changes in the enamel surface appearance at the beginning and end of the experiment. The changes in the demineralization degree were evaluated by measuring the Ca+2 concentration in the demineralization solution at different time points. The majority of teeth in the CPP-ACP+FT group exhibited no shift in appearance, whereas in the other groups, a slight change in enamel translucency was observed. At all the time points, the Ca+2 concentration in the demineralization solution in the CPP-ACP+FT group was the least among all other groups. At day 5, MMG+NFT’s preventive efficacy was significantly higher than FV+FT’s, but at days 10, 15, and 19, their efficacy was similar. However, at all the time points, MMG+NFT’s efficacy was significantly higher than that of control, whereas FV+FT’s efficacy was decreased at days 10, 15, and 19 and was close to the efficacy of control. To fight WSLs, early diagnosis was of great importance and examination of the tooth surface after air-drying for 5 s was recommended.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bleaching Treatment on Demineralized Enamel Treated with Resin Infiltration Technique

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Rogério Pucci ◽  
Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres ◽  
Alessandra Bühler Borges ◽  
Luciana Floriani Thives de Freitas Santos ◽  
Heleine Maria Chagas Rêgo
Keyword(s):  
White Spot ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Resin Infiltration ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Infiltration Technique ◽  
Color Alteration ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bleaching treatment with 10% carbamide peroxide in white spot lesions-affected teeth treated with caries infiltration technique. Cylindrical enamel-dentin specimens were prepared from bovine incisors. Baseline color measurement was performed by a spectro-photometer using the CIE L*a*b* system and specimens were divided in two groups: Sound (S) and demineralized (D) enamel. The group S was divided into two subgroups (n = 20): Nonbleached (SNB) and bleached (SB). The group D was divided in four subgroups (n = 20): Nonbleached (DNB), bleached (DB), resin infiltrated/nonbleached (DRNB) and resin infiltrated/bleached (DRB). Artificial white spot lesions were produced in all groups D, simulating the presence of active lesions in labial tooth surface, and after demineralization, caries infiltration with low viscosity resin was performed in the resin infiltrated groups. In the bleached groups, 10% carbamide peroxide gel was applied (2 hours/day for 14 days). New color measurements were performed after bleaching and color alteration was calculated using ΔE parameter. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (5%). There were significant differences among groups when ΔE was evaluated (p = 0.001). Means (± standard deviation) and results of Tukey test were: SNB (2.53 ± 0.48)a; DRNB (2.88 ± 1.03)ab; DNB (3.15 ± 0.65) ab; DRB (2.88 ± 1.03)bc; SB (4.33 ± 0.93)cd; DB (5.27 ± 1.33)d. The bleaching treatment with 10% carbamide peroxide produced no significant color alteration in demineralized enamel treated with resin infiltration technique. How to cite this article Santos LFTF, Rêgo HMC, Borges AB, Pucci CR, Torres CRG. Efficacy of Bleaching Treatment on Demineralized Enamel Treated with Resin Infiltration Technique. World J Dent 2012;3(4):279-283.

scholarly journals One Year Clinical Evaluation of White Spot Lesions with Newly Introduced Resin Modified Glass-Ionomer in Comparison to Resin Infiltration in Anterior Teeth: a split mouth randomized controlled clinical trial from Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13p
Author(s):  
Shaimaa Mosutafa Rohym ◽  
Asmaa Youssif Harhash ◽  
Mohammed Farid Riad
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Resin Infiltration ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer

Objective: to compare the clinical performance of newly introduced resin modified glass ionomer varnish (Clinpro™ XT) versus resin infiltration in treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions. Material and Methods: Six participants (70 teeth) were enrolled with post-orthodontic white spot lesions. Randomization was performed according to patient selection for the sealed envelope containing which half will receive the control (resin infiltration (ICON, DMG) and the other will receive the intervention (resin modified glass-ionomer cement varnish (Clinpro™ XT, 3M)). Follow up was done after 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. The color was assessed by spectrophotometer while the degree of demineralization was measured by Diagnodent pen 2910. Patient satisfaction was assessed using (VAS) Visual analogue scale. Results: Regarding color change, significant improvement in lightness for ICON group, while Clinpro™ XT group, the change was insignificant. The demineralization data revealed significant decrease in demineralization with resin infiltration after immediate application. Clinpro™ XT showed also significant decrease after immediate assessment and significant increase in demineralization in 6 and 12 months. Conclusion: Resin infiltration can be considered more as an alternative treatment rather than fluoride varnish. Clinpro™ XTis considered as a preventive protocol, provided that renewal application is needed after 3 months. Keywords 3M Resin cement; Resin cements; Glass ionomer cements; Fluorides; Follow up studies; Glass ionomer.

scholarly journals Bonding brackets on white spot lesions pretreated by means of two methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Sotero Vianna ◽  
Mariana Marquezan ◽  
Thiago Chon Leon Lau ◽  
Eduardo Franzotti Sant'Anna
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Infiltrant Resin

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets bonded to demineralized enamel pretreated with low viscosity Icon Infiltrant resin (DMG) and glass ionomer cement (Clinpro XT Varnish, 3M Unitek) with and without aging. Methods: A total of 75 bovine enamel specimens were allocated into five groups (n = 15). Group 1 was the control group in which the enamel surface was not demineralized. In the other four groups, the surfaces were submitted to cariogenic challenge and white spot lesions were treated. Groups 2 and 3 were treated with Icon Infiltrant resin; Groups 4 and 5, with Clinpro XT Varnish. After treatment, Groups 3 and 5 were artificially aged. Brackets were bonded with Transbond XT adhesive system and SBS was evaluated by means of a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey post-hoc test. Results: All groups tested presented shear bond strengths similar to or higher than the control group. Specimens of Group 4 had significantly higher shear bond strength values (p < 0.05) than the others. Conclusion: Pretreatment of white spot lesions, with or without aging, did not decrease the SBS of brackets.

Crush absorbing energy of white spot lesions measured by indentation tests

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2052-2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Fallgatter ◽  
Ching-Chang Ko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Fluoride Treatment ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Indentation Tests ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Bovine Enamel

White spot lesions are clinically detectable areas of demineralized enamel that often form during orthodontic treatment. Fluoride has been shown to prevent demineralization from occurring. Mechanical properties of white spot lesions are not well characterized. Bovine enamel slabs, with and without fluoride treatment, were placed under demineralization conditions. Through a series of microindentations at incremental loads, mechanical strength was measured using a novel method, specific volume absorbing energy (SVAE). SVAE is equal to work energy divided by the indentation volume. The supra-surface area (outermost 5 μm) of enamel slabs with fluoride demonstrated decreased mechanical strength compared to enamel slabs without fluoride. Fluoride may not impart protection over long periods of demineralization.

Control of White Spot Lesions with Use of Fluoride Varnish or Chlorhexidine Gel During Orthodontic Treatment A Randomized Clinical Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Restrepo ◽  
D G Bussaneli ◽  
F Jeremias ◽  
RCL Cordeiro ◽  
DB Raveli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Fluoride Varnish ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of fluoride varnish and 2% chlorhexidine gel for controlling active white spot lesions (WSLs) adjacent to orthodontic brackets. Study design: Thirty-five orthodontic patients (17.2 ± 2.3 years old) presenting 60 WSLs adjacent to orthodontic brackets were enrolled in this randomized, blind, 3-armed and controlled clinical trial. The patients were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 arms: (1) two applications of 5% NaF varnish- F, with one-week interval, (2) two applications of 2% chlorhexidine gel-CHX, with one-week interval and (3) usual home care-control (CO). The WSLs were scored by using a DIAGNOdent pen. An independent examiner scored the surfaces using Nyvad criteria for caries assessment. Results: A total of thirty patients presenting 51 lesions completed the study. All treatments reduced the fluorescence values during the experimental period; however, F induced faster remineralization than CHX. After 3 months, 70.58 % were inactive considering all groups. DIAGNOdent pen and Nyvad presented a significant correlation. Conclusion: After 3 months of treatment, F, CHX and CO were capable of controlling the WSLs adjacent to the orthodontic brackets. However, the treatment with F was capable of controlling the progression of the WSLs in a shorter period of time.

Effect of tooth surface coating material containing S-PRG filler on white spot lesions of young permanent teeth

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Noriko Wakamatsu ◽  
Masaki Ogika ◽  
Tetsu Okano ◽  
Chika Murabayashi ◽  
Tsuguko Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Coating ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
White Spot Lesions

Investigation of an Advanced Material for the Infiltration of White Spot Lesions in Orthodontics

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ogodescu ◽  
Cosmin Sinescu ◽  
Meda Lavinia Negrutiu ◽  
Riham Naghib ◽  
Florin Topală ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
En Face ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
New Material

In the Romanian population, during the fixed orthodontic treatment, sometimes appear white spot lesions (WSLs). These are areas of demineralized enamel witch untreated lead to the formation of cavited carious lesions. Until now the therapy of choice for such lesions was fluoridation that proved itself inadequate in terms of aesthetics. The innovative solution of the German Firma DMG (Icon®) proposes the filling and reinforcing of the pore system of a WSL with a light-curable resin (Icon-Infiltrant). The purpose of this study was to assess whether the optical coherence tomography (OCT) can evaluate, in vitro, by en face scans the penetration of this advanced new material into natural enamel caries. We applied the classic therapeutic procedures proposed by the German company. After infiltration of the WSL we observed a deep resin penetration. Clinically there was a significant improvement in the aesthetics of the affected tooth surfaces and their evolution was stopped demonstrating that this technique is effective in the therapy of WSLs at patients with fixed orthodontic therapy. Also OCT proved to be a reliable technique for acquiring images of resin infiltrated WSLs recommending this technology for further fundamental studies in the field.

Crush Absorbing Energy of White Spot Lesion Measured by Indentation Tests

2005 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Fallgatter ◽  
Ching-Chang Ko ◽  
C-H Chou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Fluoride Treatment ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Indentation Tests ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Bovine Enamel

AbstractWhite spot lesions are clinically detectable areas of demineralized enamel that often form during orthodontic treatment. Fluoride has been shown to prevent demineralization from occurring. Mechanical properties of white spot lesions are not well characterized. Bovine enamel slabs, with and without fluoride treatment, were placed under demineralization conditions. Through a series of microindentations at incremental loads, mechanical strength was measured using a novel method, SVAE. Specific Volume Absorbing Energy (SVAE) is equal to work energy divided by the indentation volume. The supra-surface area (outmost 5 μm) of enamel slabs with fluoride demonstrated decreased mechanical strength compared to those without fluoride. Fluoride may not impart protection over long periods of demineralization.

Microhardness and Roughness of Infiltrated White Spot Lesions Submitted to Different Challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÉY Neres ◽  
MD Moda ◽  
EK Chiba ◽  
ALF Briso ◽  
JP Pessan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Bovine Enamel

SUMMARY A white spot lesion is the first clinical sign of a caries lesion and represents mineral loss from the enamel subsurface. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microhardness and surface roughness of white spot lesions after application of a resin infiltrant and subjection to different challenges. Caries-like lesions were induced in bovine enamel discs (n=50), and the specimens were randomly divided into five study groups (n=10): demineralized enamel (negative control, G1), infiltrated enamel (G2), infiltrated enamel submitted to brushing (G3), infiltrated enamel submitted to pH cycling (G4), and infiltrated enamel submitted to artificial aging (G5). Half of each enamel surface was used as its own positive control. Roughness data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn test. Results from microhardness were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey test for multiple comparisons. The level of significance was set at 5%. Microhardness and roughness values obtained from the test side of the specimens were significantly lower compared with the sound enamel for all groups. Microhardness values obtained for G2, G3, and G5 were not significantly different. Values found for G1 were significantly lower compared with those for G2, G3, and G5. The lowest microhardness values were observed for G4, which was significantly different from the other groups. Surface roughness was not significantly different between G2 and G3. The resin infiltrant presented superiority over the unprotected white spot lesions, as they were more resistant to mechanical and aging challenges. However, resin infiltration was not able to reestablish the properties of sound enamel and was not resistant to a new cariogenic challenge.

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