scholarly journals Ant Colony Clustering for ROI Identification in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alejandro Veloz ◽  
Alejandro Weinstein ◽  
Stefan Pszczolkowski ◽  
Luis Hernández-García ◽  
Rodrigo Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Brain Atlas ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ant Colony Clustering

Brain network analysis using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a widely used technique. The first step of brain network analysis in fMRI is to detect regions of interest (ROIs). The signals from these ROIs are then used to evaluate neural networks and quantify neuronal dynamics. The two main methods to identify ROIs are based on brain atlas registration and clustering. This work proposes a bioinspired method that combines both paradigms. The method, dubbed HAnt, consists of an anatomical clustering of the signal followed by an ant clustering step. The method is evaluated empirically in both in silico and in vivo experiments. The results show a significantly better performance of the proposed approach compared to other brain parcellations obtained using purely clustering-based strategies or atlas-based parcellations.

scholarly journals Acute Effect of Betel Quid Chewing on Brain Network Dynamics: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Huang ◽  
Zhipeng Wu ◽  
Zhening Liu ◽  
Dayi Liu ◽  
Danqing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Betel Quid ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Switching Rate

Betel quid (BQ) is one of the most popular addictive substances in the world. However, the neurophysiological mechanism underlying BQ addiction remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether and how BQ chewing would affect brain function in the framework of a dynamic brain network model. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected from 24 male BQ-dependent individuals and 26 male non-addictive healthy individuals before and promptly after chewing BQ. Switching rate, a measure of temporal stability of functional brain networks, was calculated at both global and local levels for each scan. The results showed that BQ-dependent and healthy groups did not significantly differ on switching rate before BQ chewing (F = 0.784, p = 0.381, analysis of covariance controlling for age, education, and head motion). After chewing BQ, both BQ-dependent (t = 2.674, p = 0.014, paired t-test) and healthy (t = 2.313, p = 0.029, paired t-test) individuals showed a significantly increased global switching rate compared to those before chewing BQ. Significant corresponding local-level effects were observed within the occipital areas for both groups, and within the cingulo-opercular, fronto-parietal, and cerebellum regions for BQ-dependent individuals. Moreover, in BQ-dependent individuals, switching rate was significantly correlated with the severity of BQ addiction assessed by the Betel Quid Dependence Scale scores (Spearman's rho = 0.471, p = 0.020) before BQ chewing. Our study provides preliminary evidence for the acute effects of BQ chewing on brain functional dynamism. These findings may provide insights into the neural mechanisms of substance addictions.

scholarly journals Writing affects the brain network of reading in Chinese: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1670-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Cao ◽  
Marianne Vu ◽  
Derek Ho Lung Chan ◽  
Jason M. Lawrence ◽  
Lindsay N. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Abnormal Topological Network in Parkinson’s Disease With Impulse Control Disorders: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Zhu ◽  
Langsha Liu ◽  
Yan Xiao ◽  
Fan Li ◽  
Yongkai Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Small World ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

In recent years, neuroimaging evidence shows that the brains of Parkinson disease (PD) with impulse control disorders (ICDs) patients have functional disconnection changes. However, so far, it is still unclear whether the topological organization is damaged in PD patients with ICD. In this study, we aimed to explore the functional brain network in 18 patients with PD with ICDs (PD-ICD) and 18 patients with PD without ICDs (PD-nICD) by using functional magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory approach. We found that the PD-ICD patients had increased clustering coefficient and characteristic path length, while decreased small-world index compared with PD-nICD patients. Furthermore, we explored the hypothesis whether the abnormality of the small-world network parameters of PD-ICD patients is accompanied by the change of nodal centrality. As we hypothesized, the nodal centralities of the default mode network, control network, and dorsal attention network were found to be significantly damaged in the PD-ICD group compared with the PD-nICD group. Our study provides more evidence for PD-ICD patients’ brain network abnormalities from the perspective of information exchange, which may be the underlying pathophysiological basis of brain abnormalities in PD-ICD patients.

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