scholarly journals Influence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on the Ocular Biometry of Chinese Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xiao ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Yan Jia ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Chenhao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Ocular Biometry ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To compare ocular biometry between children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and healthy children in China and to determine the correlation of ocular biometry with the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and diabetes duration. Methods. A case-control study was conducted at Children’s Hospital of Fudan University between T1DM children and healthy children. The participants were evaluated for central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), K1 and K2 keratometry, and axial length (AL); also cycloplegic refraction was performed, and spherical equivalent (SE) was acquired. HbA1c levels of the T1DM cases were obtained. Results. Fifty-four eyes of 54 children with T1DM and 53 eyes of 53 healthy children were included. The mean age of T1DM group and control group was 10.59 ± 3.40 years and 9.55 ± 1.89 years, respectively, and the differences between age and gender were not significant (p=0.052, p=0.700). The mean LT in T1DM group (3.49 ± 0.18 mm) was thicker than that in the control group (3.40 ± 0.16 mm) (p=0.018), the mean ACD in T1DM group (3.52 ± 0.26 mm) was shallower than that in the control group (3.72 ± 0.26 mm) (p<0.001), and there were no significant differences of CCT, K1, K2, AL, and SE (p=0.088, p=0.672, p=0.821, p=0.094, and p=0.306, respectively). There was no significant correlation between HbA1c or diabetes duration and ocular biometry. Conclusions. Thicker LT and shallower ACD occurred in T1DM children rather than age-matched and sex-matched healthy children, but the overall refraction was not affected. HbA1c or diabetes duration was not correlated with ocular biometry in T1DM children.

scholarly journals Clinical profile of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children in eastern part of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
Dipak Muktan ◽  
Lisa Tamang (Ghising) ◽  
Rupa Rajbhandari Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
The Mean

Background: The objective of this study is to determine the clinical profile of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among children.Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at B.P. Koirala institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal, the eastern part of Nepal. A total of 42 diabetic children of less than 20 years old diagnosed with T1DM were included in the study. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and medical records of patients attending diabetic clinic at the time of follow up.Results: The mean age at diagnosis of disease was 11.1±4.9 years. Polyuria 33 (78.6%) was found to be the commonest symptom followed by polydipsia 27 (64.3%), weight loss 23 (54.8%) and polyphagia 13 (30.9%). The mean duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 14.3±9.7 days. DKA was present in 25 (59.5%) children at the time of diagnosis. Mean Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value was 10.6±2.7. Obesity was observed in 9 (21.4%) children. Nine (21.4%) children had family history of diabetes. In most of the cases, primary caregiver was mother, among them only 24 (57.2%) had formal education. Almost half of the caregivers were using FRIO, an insulin cooling case, for insulin storage.Conclusions: Polyuria was the most common presenting symptom followed by polydipsia, weight loss and polyphagia. Moreover, most of the children had landed up in diabetic keto-acidosis (DKA) at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, community awareness programs should be emphasized among parents and primary health care workers especially in rural areas regarding T1DM for early recognition and prompt treatment.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Oral Microbiome Among Children With Type 1 Diabetes Compared With Healthy Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moti Moskovitz ◽  
Mira Nassar ◽  
Nadav Moriel ◽  
Avital Cher ◽  
Sarit Faibis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Diabetes Group

Aim: Current microbiome profiling of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) patients is mostly limited to gut microbiome. We characterized the oral microbiome associated with T1D in children after the onset of the disease and explored its relationship with oral physiological factors and dental status.Methods: This cohort study comprised 37 children aged 5–15 years with T1D and 29 healthy children matched in age and gender. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from diabetic and non-diabetic children, in the morning after brushing their teeth and a fasting period of at least 1 h before sampling. 16S rRNA gene-based analysis was performed by Powersoil Pro kit by Qiagen and Phusion High-Fidelity PCR Master Mix. Oral physiological and dental parameters studied included decayed, missing, and filled teeth index, salivary flow rate, and salivary pH, glucose, calcium, phosphate, and urea levels.Results: Of the identified 105 different genera and 211 different species, the most abundant genera were Streptococcus, Prevotella, Veillonella, Haemophilus, and Neisseria. Streptococcus was more abundant in T1D children. The diabetes group had 22 taxa at the genus level and 33 taxa at the species level that were not present in the control group and the control group exhibited 6 taxa at the genus level and 9 taxa at the species level that did not exist in the diabetes group. In addition, Catonella, Fusobacterium, and Mogibacterium differed between healthy and T1D subjects. Eight species and eight subspecies were significantly more abundant among healthy children than in T1D children. Porphyromonas and Mogibacterium genera were significantly correlated with salivary parameters. We found similarities between taxa revealed in the present study and those found in gut microbiome in type 1 diabetes mellitus according to gutMDisorder database.Conclusions: Salivary microbiome analysis revealed unique microbial taxa that differed between T1D children and healthy subjects. Several genera found in the saliva of T1D children were associated with gut microbiome in T1D individuals.

Salivary interleukin-8 levels in children suffering from Type 1 diabetes mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Dakovic ◽  
M Colic ◽  
S Cakic ◽  
I Mileusnic ◽  
Z Hajdukovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between the salivary levels of IL-8 in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) with (DM+P) or without (DM-P) concomitant periodontitis and healthy subjects. The correlations between the levels of these cytokines and clinical periodontal parameters were also established. Methods: Twenty children and adolescents with Type 1 DM (10 diagnosed with periodontitis, 10 presenting no signs of periodontitis) and a control group consisting of 20 healthy children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were recruited for this study. Results: The Salivary IL-8 level was statistically significantly (p&lt;0.005) elevated in subjects with Type 1 DM (474.47 ± 716.76) compared to non-diabetic control group (101.99 ± 68.32). There was no difference (p≯0.05) in the salivary IL-8 level when subjects with Type 1 DM with concomitant periodontitis were compared to diabetics without periodontitis. When the salivary IL-8 level in subjects with Type 1 DM was correlated with the clinical parameters, no statistical significance was found. Conclusion: An elevated salivary IL-8 level in subjects with Type 1 DM without concomitant periodontitis plays a major role in the development of diabetic micro and macroangiopathy and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Consequently, this may offer a basis for the assessment of risk, prophylaxis and treatment of diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Impacts of Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) and Parsley (Petroselinum sativum) Aqueous Extracts: Lessons from Experimental Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser S. Abou Khalil ◽  
Alaa S. Abou-Elhamd ◽  
Salwa I. A. Wasfy ◽  
Ibtisam M. H. El Mileegy ◽  
Mohamed Y. Hamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
The Mean

Medicinal plants are effective in controlling plasma glucose level with minimal side effects and are commonly used in developing countries as an alternative therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential antidiabetic and antioxidant impacts ofBalanites aegyptiacaandPetroselinum sativumextracts on streptozotocin-induced diabetic and normal rats. The influences of these extracts on body weight, plasma glucose, insulin, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and liver-pyruvate kinase (L-PK) levels were assessed. Furthermore, the weight and histomorphological changes of the pancreas were studied in the different experimental groups. The herbal preparations significantly reduced the mean plasma glucose and MDA levels and significantly increased the mean plasma insulin, L-PK, and TAC levels in the treated diabetic groups compared to the diabetic control group. An obvious increase in the weight of the pancreas and the size of the islets of Langerhans and improvement in the histoarchitecture were evident in the treated groups compared to untreated ones. In conclusion, the present study provides a scientific evidence for the traditional use of these extracts as antidiabetic and antioxidant agents in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals The Effect of Training Based on James Brown Model on Self-efficacy in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Zahra Yosefi ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Afshar ◽  
Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz ◽  
Zohre Sadat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most frequent chronic diseases among children and adolescents. Educational strategies underscore patient’s roles in the management of diseases and enhance self-efficacy behaviors. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an educational intervention based on James Brown’s model on self-efficacy in adolescents with T1DM. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 70 participants were selected and assigned to the control and intervention groups by random block. The two groups received routine care for T1DM. The intervention group was also provided with educational sessions, 60 minutes twice a week for 4 weeks, based on the educational model. The participants completed the diabetes management self-efficacy instrument at the beginning, at the end, and a month after the end of the study. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square, Independent samples t-test, Covariance (ANCOVA), and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The mean±SD age of the intervention and control groups was 14.81±2.05 and 15.18±2.11 years, respectively. Before the intervention, the two groups were not different statistically in terms of demographic variables (age, sex, duration of diabetes, insulin intake, etc.) and self-efficacy. The results showed that immediately after the intervention and also in the follow-up stage, the mean scores of self-efficacies and its subscales (nutrition, blood glucose monitoring, physical activity, and medical treatment) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The mean scores of self-efficacies at the beginning, at the end, and a month after the end of the study were 27.97±5.08, 41.46±4.41, and 44.55±4.38, respectively. In the control group, however, these differences were not significant. Conclusion: The education based on James Brown’s model can improve self-efficacy among adolescents with T1DM. It is recommended that nurses use this method to increase self-efficacy in adolescents with T1DM.

Urinary bisphenol-A levels in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 829-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolga İnce ◽  
Aylin Balcı ◽  
Siddika Songül Yalçın ◽  
Gizem Özkemahlı ◽  
Pinar Erkekoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Exposure Routes

Abstract Background: Bisphenol-A (BPA) is one of the most abundantly produced chemicals globally. Concerns have been raised about BPA’s possible role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The main aim of the current study was to evaluate the possible association between BPA exposure and T1DM. The second aim was to investigate children’s possible BPA exposure routes in Turkey. Methods: A total of 100 children aged between 5 and 18 years including 50 children with T1DM and 50 healthy children were included. Urinary BPA levels of all children were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Mothers of children enrolled in the study were also requested to complete a survey that included questions on the sociodemographic characteristics, medical history and possible BPA exposure routes of their children. Results: In the T1DM group, urinary BPA levels were slightly higher compared to the control group, but this difference was not significant (p=0.510). However, there was an inverse relationship between current urinary BPA levels and birth weight. It was found that the use of plastic kettles and the consumption of dairy products in plastic boxes significantly increased the urinary BPA concentrations in all subjects. Conclusions: Although there was no significant association between urinary BPA levels and T1DM, we found an inverse relationship between current urinary BPA levels and birth weight. This finding might be important for prenatal exposure, and further prospective research must be conducted. Also, the use of plastic kettles, which has not been mentioned much in the literature before, was found to be an important exposure route for BPA.

Peculiarities of microcirculation in periodont tissues in children of key age groups sufficient type 1 diabetes. Part II

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Davydov ◽  
D. A. Domenyuk ◽  
S. V. Dmitrienko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Diabetic Microangiopathy ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry

Relevance. Morpho-functional changes in peripheral circulation established in type 1 diabetes mellitus correlate with changes in central hemodynamics, allowing the use of microcirculation indicators as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for assessing the degree of functional vascular disorders. Identifcation of microcirculation features of the blood by the method of laser Doppler flowmetry in children with different experience of type 1 diabetes in key age categories.Materials and methods. The study included 67 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged 12-15 years with an experience of the disease from six months to ten years. The comparison group consisted of 38 healthy children. The state of the microvasculature was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry using a laser analyzer for capillary blood flow LAKK-OP.Results. In children with an experience of type 1 diabetes of less than two years, microcirculation disorders in periodontal tissues correspond to the hyperemic form, accompanied by increased perfusion, a decrease in the amplitude of low-frequency oscillations, increased heart rate, high blood flling, and blood flow bypass. For children with an endocrinopathy experience of more than three years, microcirculation disorders correspond to a stagnant form, combined with a decrease in perfusion due to stagnation of blood in the venular link, endothelial domination with suppression of neurogenic and cardiac fluctuations, low efciency and redistribution of blood flow in favor of the nutritive link.Conclusions. With the increase in experience, the degree of compensation of type 1 diabetes, the progression of diabetic microangiopathy, it is advisable to designate two stages of development of microcirculatory disorders. Early – compensatory with active adaptation, including neurogenic and endothelial regulation mechanisms. Late – decompensation with passive adaptation, supporting the effectiveness of microcirculation due to myogenic control of regulation, shunting and increasing the rate of blood outflow.

Autoimmune thyroid disease in patients with anti-GAD positive type 1 diabetes mellitus

Open Medicine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Kamile Gul ◽  
Ihsan Ustun ◽  
Yusuf Aydin ◽  
Dilek Berker ◽  
Halil Erol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Type 1 Dm

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the frequency and titers of anti-thyroid peroxidase (Anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (Anti-TG), and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (Anti-GAD) antibodies in Turkish patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), and to compare the frequency of anti-TPO and anti-TG titers in the presence or absence of anti-GAD. A total of 104 patients including 56 males and 48 females with type 1 DM and their age-, gender-, and body mass index-matched control group, including 31 males and 27 females, 58 cases in total with an age range of 15-50 years, were recruited into this study. In patients with type 1 DM, positive anti-GAD was detected in 30.8% (n=32). In patients with positive anti-GAD, rate of positive anti-TPO was 37.5%; however, in patients with negative anti-GAD, the rate of positive anti-TPO was 9.7% and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). In patients with positive anti-GAD, the rate of positive anti-TG was 18.8%. In patients with negative anti-GAD, the rate of positive anti-TG was 2.8%, and the difference between them was statistically significant (p=0.005). In patients with positive and negative anti-GAD, rates of both positive anti-TPO and anti-TG were 15.6% and 1.4%, respectively, with the difference showing statistical significance (p=0.004). Thyroid autoimmunity in type 1 DM patients with positive anti-GAD was apparently higher; therefore, these patients should be followed more frequently and carefully.

Urinary F2-isoprostanes in young healthy children at risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura D Kauffman ◽  
Ronald J Sokol ◽  
Richard H Jones ◽  
Joseph A Awad ◽  
Marian J Rewers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Children At Risk

scholarly journals Impact of ELKa, the Electronic Device for Prandial Insulin Dose Calculation, on Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kowalska ◽  
Katarzyna Piechowiak ◽  
Anna Ramotowska ◽  
Agnieszka Szypowska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Insulin Dosage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prandial Insulin

Background. The ELKa system is composed of computer software, with a database of nutrients, and a dedicated USB kitchen scale. It was designed to automatize the everyday calculations of food exchanges and prandial insulin doses. Aim. To investigate the influence of the ELKa on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods. A randomized, parallel, open-label clinical trial involved 106 patients aged <18 years with T1DM, HbA1C≤10%, undergoing intensive insulin therapy, allocated to the intervention group, who used the ELKa (n=53), or the control group (n=53), who used conventional calculation methods. Results. After the 26-week follow-up, the intention-to-treat analysis showed no differences to all endpoints. In per protocol analysis, 22/53 (41.5%) patients reporting ELKa usage for >50% of meals achieved lower HbA1C levels (P=0.002), lower basal insulin amounts (P=0.049), and lower intrasubject standard deviation of blood glucose levels (P=0.023) in comparison with the control. Moreover, in the intervention group, significant reduction of HbA1C level, by 0.55% point (P=0.002), was noted. No intergroup differences were found in the hypoglycemic episodes, BMI-SDS, bolus insulin dosage, and total daily insulin dosage. Conclusions. The ELKa system improves metabolic control in children with T1DM under regular usage. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02194517.

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