scholarly journals Effects of DCM Leaf Extract of Gnidia glauca (Fresen) on Locomotor Activity, Anxiety, and Exploration-Like Behaviors in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wycliffe Makori Arika ◽  
Cromwell Mwiti Kibiti ◽  
Joan Murugi Njagi ◽  
Mathew Piero Ngugi
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Obese Rats

Obesity is the main component of metabolic syndromes involving distinct etiologies that target different underlying behavioral and physiological functions within the brain structures and neuronal circuits. An alteration in the neuronal circuitry stemming from abdominal or central obesity stimulates a cascade of changes in neurochemical signaling that directly or indirectly mediate spontaneously emitted behaviors such as locomotor activity patterns, anxiety, and exploration. Pharmacological agents available for the treatment of neurologic disorders have been associated with limited potency and intolerable adverse effects. These have necessitated the upsurge in the utilization of herbal prescriptions due to their affordability and easy accessibility and are firmly embedded within wider belief systems of many people. Gnidia glauca has been used in the management of many ailments including obesity and associated symptomatic complications. However, its upsurge in use has not been accompanied by empirical determination of these folkloric claims. The present study, therefore, is aimed at determining the modulatory effects of dichloromethane leaf extract of Gnidia glauca on locomotor activity, exploration, and anxiety-like behaviors in high-fat diet-induced obese rats in an open-field arena. Obesity was experimentally induced by feeding the rats with prepared high-fat diet and water ad libitum for 6 weeks. The in vivo antiobesity effects were determined by oral administration of G. glauca at dosage levels of 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg body weight in high-fat diet-induced obese rats from the 6th to 12th week. Phytochemical analysis was done using gas chromatography linked to mass spectroscopy. Results indicated that Gnidia glauca showed anxiolytic effects and significantly increased spontaneous locomotor activity and exploration-like behaviors in HFD-induced obese rats. The plant extract also contained phytocompounds that have been associated with amelioration of the main neurodegenerative mediators, viz., inflammation and oxidative stress. These findings provide “qualified leads” for the synthesis of new alternative therapeutic agents for the management of neurologic disorders. However, there is a need to conduct toxicity studies of Gnidia glauca to establish its safety profiles.

scholarly journals Effects of DCM leaf Extract of Gnidia glauca (Fresen) on Locomotor Activity, Anxiety and Exploration-Like Behaviors in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wycliffe Makori Arika ◽  
Cromwell Mwiti Kibiti ◽  
Joan Murugi Njagi ◽  
Mathew Piero Ngugi
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Obese Rats

AbstractObesity is the main component of metabolic syndromes involving distinct etiologies which target different underlying behavioral and physiological functions within the brain structures and neuronal circuits. An alteration in the neuronal circuitry stemming from abdominal or central obesity stimulates a cascade of changes in neurochemical signaling that directly or indirectly mediate spontaneously emitted behaviors such as locomotor activity patterns, anxiety and exploration. Pharmacological agents available for the treatment of neurologic disorders have been associated with limited potency and intolerable adverse effects. These have necessitated the upsurge in utilization of herbal prescriptions due to their affordability, easy accessibility and are firmly embedded within wider belief systems of many people. Gnidia glauca has been used in management of many ailments including obesity and associated symptomatic complications. However, its upsurge in use has not been accompanied with authentication of these folkloric claims. The present study aimed to determine the modulatory effect of Dichloromethane leaf extract of Gnidia glauca on locomotor activity, exploration and anxiety-like behaviors in high fat diet-induced obese rats in an Open Field Arena. Obesity was experimentally induced by feeding the rats with prepared high fat diet and water ad libitum for a period of 6 weeks. The in-vivo anti-obesity effects were determined by oral administration of G. glauca at dosage levels of 200, 250 and 300mg/kg body weight in high fat diet-induced obese rats from the 6th to 12th week. Phytochemical analysis was done using gas chromatography linked to mass spectroscopy. Results indicated that Gnidia glauca showed anxiolytic effects and significantly increased spontaneous locomotor activity and exploration-like behaviors in HFD-induced obese rats. The plant extract also contained phytocompounds that have been associated with amelioration of the main neurodegenerative mediators viz inflammation and oxidative stress. These findings provide ‘qualified leads’ for the synthesis of new alternative therapeutic agent for management of neurologic disorders. However, there’s need to conduct toxicity studies of Gnidia glauca to establish its safety profiles.

In vivo anti-obesity efficacy of curcumin loaded nanofibers transdermal patches in high-fat diet induced obese rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir reza Ariamoghaddam ◽  
Bahman Ebrahimi-Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Ashrafalsadat Hatamian-Zarmi ◽  
Razi Sahraeian
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Bisflavonoids fraction from Araucaria bidwilli Hook., reverses hyperlipidemia induced atherosclerosis in high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahimullah Siddiqui ◽  
Haja Nazeer Ahamed ◽  
Ismail Yusuff
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Aortic Wall Thickness

Abstract Background Hyperlipidemia is a major cause for atherosclerosis which is a frontline cause for mortality in the world. Bisflavonoids are dimeric flavonoids abundant in few medicinal herbs with various pharmacological effects. However, in vivo anti-hyperlipidemic role of bisflavonoids (BFR) is limited. The present investigation is aimed to study BFR from the leaf extract of Araucaria bidwillii Hook. in rat model of hyperlipidemia. Results Administration of HFD was significantly (p < 0.0001) shown to increase total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) associated with decrease in HDL. BFR at two doses significantly decreased TC, LDL, and TG in HFD-fed rats. In addition, BFR significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased the MDA and significantly (p < 0.0001) increased the impaired anti-oxidant enzyme SOD and CAT in heart tissue induced by HFD. Further, 28 days administration of BFR significantly (p < 0.001) decreased HFD-induced aortic wall thickness. Conclusion It can be concluded that bisflavonoids from A. bidwillii Hook. leaf extract administered to high fat-fed rats showed beneficial anti-hyperlipidemic effect by reducing lipid profiles and protecting the heart tissue from oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-obesity potential of aqueous extract of Achyranthes aspera Linn. in high fat diet induced obese rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumaraswamy Athesh ◽  
Rangaraju Sivasubramanian ◽  
Gnanasekaran Jothi ◽  
Pemiah Brindha
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Achyranthes Aspera ◽  
Obese Rats

Abstract Background Obesity, reached epidemic proportions globally is often associated with life threatening comorbidities. The unavailability of safe and effective long term medications for obesity in modern pharmacotherapy forces the scientific community to explore the potential of Ayurvedic traditional healers as they are considered safe and effective. Objective To explore the anti-obesity potential of aqueous extract of aerial parts of Achyranthes aspera L. (AEAA), a traditional healer in high fat diet (HFD) induced obese rats. Methods AEAA was prepared and subjected to in-vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition assay and in-vivo anti-obesity studies. For in-vivo studies, HFD fed obese prone Wistar albino rats were divided into five experimental groups (Group II to VI): animals fed with standard pellet chow served as normal control (Group I) while, animals continued with HFD alone served as obese control (Group II); Group III, IV and V were administered AEAA at a dose of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg b.w. respectively along with HFD; and animals administered orlistat (30 mg/kg bw) along with HFD served as standard control (Group VI). All the drugs were administered orally once a day for a period of 60 days. At the end of the experimental period various physical, biochemical and histopathological observations were made. Results In-vitro studies showed AEAA partially but not significantly inhibited the activity of pancreatic lipase. Data of in-vivo studies revealed, significant reduction in body weights, fat pad weights and organ weights upon AEAA treatment. Elevated levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, lipid profiles and antioxidant status were also brought back to normal. Conclusion The obtained results clearly suggested that AEAA possess pronounced anti-obesity potential.

scholarly journals Anti-obesity effects of dichloromethane leaf extract of Gnidia glauca in high fat diet-induced obese rats

Heliyon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e02800
Author(s):  
Wycliffe Makori Arika ◽  
Cromwell Mwiti Kibiti ◽  
Joan Murugi Njagi ◽  
Mathew Piero Ngugi
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activities ofZygophyllum album: A Natural Weight-Lowering Plant on Key Enzymes in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kais Mnafgui ◽  
Khaled Hamden ◽  
Hichem Ben Salah ◽  
Mouna Kchaou ◽  
Mbarek Nasri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Kidney Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Lowered Body

Obesity is a serious health problem that increased risk for many complications, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The results showed EZA, which found rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, exhibited an inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipasein vitrowith IC50of 91.07 μg/mL.In vivoadministration of this extract to HFD-rats lowered body weight and serum leptin level; and inhibited lipase activity of obese rats by 37% leading to notable decrease of T-Ch, TGs and LDL-c levels accompanied with an increase in HDL-c concentration in serum and liver of EZA treated HFD-rats. Moreover, the findings revealed that EZA helped to protect liver tissue from the appearance of fatty cysts. Interestingly, supplementation of EZA modulated key enzyme related to hypertension such as ACE by 36% in serum of HFD animals and improve some of serum electrolytes such as Na+, K+, Cl−, Ca2+and Mg2+. Moreover, EZA significantly protected the liver-kidney function by reverted back near to normal the values of the liver-kidney dysfunction indices AST&ALT, ALP, CPK and GGT activities, decreased T-Bili, creat, urea and uric acid rates. In conclusion, these results showed a strong antihypelipidemic effect of EZA which can delay the occurrence of dislipidemia and hypertension.

Reduced in vivo phosphodiesterase-4 response to acute noradrenaline challenge in diet-induced obese rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Greene ◽  
James T. Thackeray ◽  
Miran Kenk ◽  
Stephanie L. Thorn ◽  
Lisa Bevilacqua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Pde4 Inhibitor ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous Activity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 4 ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Normal Increase

Altered sympathetic nervous activity has been linked to the development and persistence of obesity, partly relating to overfeeding. Binding of the selective, positron-emitting phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor (R)-[11C]rolipram provides a direct index of the cAMP-hydrolyzing enzyme PDE4. This study examines progressive alterations in PDE4 in a high-fat-fed obese animal model. (R)-[11C]Rolipram was injected into diet-induced obese (DIO) and diet-resistant (DR) rats; the animals were killed after 45 min, tissues were extracted, and radioactivity was quantified. Responsiveness of PDE4 to acute noradrenaline (NA) stimulation was determined by 3 h pretreatment with the NA reuptake inhibitor desipramine. There was minimal variance in caloric intake, weight gain, fasting glucose, insulin, and energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry) measures. Basal (R)-[11C]rolipram binding was comparable between DIO and DR rats at 2 or 8 weeks of feeding. The normal increase of PDE4 levels in response to elevated NA by desipramine pretreatment was ablated in PDE4-rich tissues, including brain, heart, and skeletal muscle, of DIO animals after 8 weeks of high-fat diet. Lean DR rats maintained PDE4 responsiveness indicative of a normal NA signal transduction.

Corrigendum to “In vivo anti-obesity efficacy of curcumin loaded nanofibers transdermal patches in high-fat diet induced obese rats” [Mater. Sci. Eng. C 92 (2018) 161–171]

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 110149
Author(s):  
Amir reza Ariamoghaddam ◽  
Bahman Ebrahimi-Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Ashrafalsadat Hatamian-Zarmi ◽  
Razi Sahraeian
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Assessment of Antiobesity Potential ofAchyranthes asperaLinn. Seed

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neerja Rani ◽  
Surendra Kumar Sharma ◽  
Neeru Vasudeva
Keyword(s):  
Lipase Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Plasma Triacylglycerol

The present study was designed to evaluate the quality control parameters, quantitative phytochemical analysis (total phenols, total flavonoids, and total saponin content), and the antiobesity effect of ethanol extract ofAchyranthes asperaLinn. seed (EAA) by employingin vitroandin vivomodels. Inin vitrostudy, the inhibitory activity of EAA on pancreatic amylase and lipase was measured. Thein vivopancreatic lipase activity was evaluated by measurement of plasma triacylglycerol levels after oral administration of EAA along with lipid emulsion to Swiss albino mice. The EAA inhibited pancreatic amylase and lipase activity in vitro and elevations of plasma triacylglycerol level in mice. Furthermore, the antiobesity effect of EAA (900 mg/kg) was assessed in mice fed a high-fat diet with or without EAA for 6 weeks. EAA significantly suppressed the increase in body,retroperitoneal adiposetissue, liver weights, and serum parameters, namely; total cholesterol, total triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol level. The anti obesity effects of EAA in high-fat-diet-treated mice may be partly mediated through delaying the intestinal absorption of dietary fat by inhibiting pancreatic amylase and lipase activity. Histopathological effects of EAA on the liver of mice were also assessed.

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