scholarly journals Aqueous Humor Cytokine Levels in Diabetic Macular Edema Patients with Cotton-Wool Spots

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Young-Gun Park ◽  
Donghyun Jee ◽  
Jin-woo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose. To determine the characteristics of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with cotton-wool spots (CWS). Methods. We classified 80 treatment-naïve DME patients according to whether or not they had CWS involving macula and then compared the concentrations of interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in the aqueous humor between the groups, as well as optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, baseline characteristics, and intravitreal bevacizumab responsiveness. Results. Aqueous levels of ICAM-1 and VEGF in the group with CWS were significantly higher than those in the non-CWS (control) group (p<0.001 and p=0.006, respectively). In multiple logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with CWS, the aqueous ICAM-1 (≥0.36 ng/mL) was significantly associated with CWS (odds ratio=13.26, p<0.001). Based on OCT, ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption distribution was significantly different between the two groups (p=0.038). Regarding responsiveness to treatment, although there was no significant difference in central subfield thickness between the two groups after treatments, the best-corrected visual acuity was worse in the group with CWS. Conclusions. The presence of CWS was accompanied by higher levels of aqueous ICAM-1. Based on OCT, EZ disruption was greater in DME patients with CWS, and their short-term visual prognosis was poorer.

Cotton Wool Spots after Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Macular Edema Associated with Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruyo Kida ◽  
Akitaka Tsujikawa ◽  
Yuki Muraoka ◽  
Seiyo Harino ◽  
Rie Osaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Central Retinal Vein

Purpose: To report a case series, whereby we encountered a transient increase in retinal cotton wool spots (CWS) following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy for the treatment of macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods: Eighteen eyes were treated with intravitreal aflibercept (IVA), and 5 were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR). Fundus photographs obtained 1 month after initial IVA or IVR injections were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of CWS. Results: Twenty-one (91.3%) patients had the following systemic diseases: hypertension, diabetes mellitus without retinopathy, dyslipidemia, or chronic renal failure requiring dialysis. One month after treatment, reduced macular edema was observed in 21 (91.3%) eyes. Initial injections facilitated complete resolution in 14 eyes, and CWS gradually became fainter with additional injections. Conclusion: Some eyes with CRVO-related macular edema can show a transient increase in CWS after initial anti-VEGF therapy; however, macular edema, retinal hemorrhage, and visual acuity were improved in almost every case.

scholarly journals CHOROIDAL THICKNESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-37
Author(s):  
Amash Aqil ◽  
Muhammad Moin ◽  
Khadijah Abid ◽  
Ahsan Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Macular Thickness ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To evaluate central macular thickness and choroidal thickness in patients with macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy versus controls. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, from Jan to Jul 2018. Methodology: A retrospective data of 100 eyes from 50 patients having with diabetic macular edema associated with diabetic retinopathy was extracted from hospital registry. Additionally, 100 eyes of 50 individuals without any preexisting ocular conditions, comprising a control group was included in the study. Choroidal thickness measurements were made from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid/sclera junction at subfoveal level using optical coherence tomography. Central macular thickness was also measured for all the enrolled patients. Results: One hundred patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. The mean age was 56.27 ± 14.41 years. The mean Central macular thickness of all the patients were reported as 270.49 ± 72.38 μm, while the choroidal thickness was 284.89 ± 96.51 μm. There was statistically significant difference in central macular thickness between both healthy and diabetic retinopathy with diabetic macular edema groups (p=0.001), whereas insignificant difference existed between the two groups forchoroidal thickness (p=0.735). Conclusion: In patients with diabetic macular edema no significant change in choroidal thickness was observed compared with healthy controls, while the thickness of the retina was high in patients with macular edema due to diabetes.

scholarly journals Correlation of Vitreous Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Uric Acid Concentration Using Optical Coherence Tomography in Diabetic Macular Edema

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libuse Krizova ◽  
Marta Kalousova ◽  
Ales Antonin Kubena ◽  
Oldrich Chrapek ◽  
Barbora Chrapkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Purpose. We investigated two factors linked to diabetic macular edema (DME), vitreous and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and uric acid (UA) in patients with DME, and compared the results with changes in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual acuity (VA).Methods. A prospective study of 29 eyes, 16 cystoid DME and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 13 nondiabetic controls. Biochemical analysis of vitreous and serum samples was performed and OCT scans were graded according to central retinal thickness (CRT), cube volume (CV), cube average thickness (CAT), and serous retinal detachment (SRD).Results. In DME group, intravitreal concentrations of VEGF (p<0.001), UA (p=0.038), and total protein (p<0.001) were significantly higher than in control group. In DME subjects, intravitreal UA correlated significantly with intravitreal VEGF (ƍ= 0.559,p=0.03) but not with total vitreous protein and serum UA. Increased intravitreal VEGF in DME group correlated with increase in CV (ƍ= 0.515/p=0.041). None of the OCT parameters correlated with the VA.Conclusions. The results suggest that the CV might be assessor of anti-VEGF therapy efficacy. Second, apart from VEGF, the role of UA in the pathogenesis and progression of DR should be considered.

scholarly journals Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 in the Aqueous Humor of Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Moon Young Choi ◽  
Jin-woo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Intravitreal Bevacizumab ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Glucose Regulated Protein

Purpose. We identified the associations between levels of aqueous glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and systemic or ocular factors in patients with center-involving diabetic macular edema (CIDME). Methods. We measured the aqueous concentrations of GRP78, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17, placental growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We explored the associations between aqueous GRP78 levels and those of other aqueous factors, optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and systemic parameters in CIDME patients. Results. In multivariate regression analysis, aqueous GRP78 levels were associated with aqueous VEGF levels (p=0.007), length of EZ disruption (p<0.001), and duration of diabetes (p=0.002). However, no significant relationship was observed between GRP78 levels and those of other systemic and ocular factors including inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor. In terms of responsiveness, the number of hyperreflective foci (≥8) was significantly associated with the responsiveness of three consecutive monthly intravitreal bevacizumab injections (OR=0.34, p=0.046), but not the aqueous GRP78 levels. Conclusions. Aqueous GRP78 levels correlated with VEGF levels in the aqueous humor and EZ disruption on OCT. However, GRP78 levels were not associated with those of inflammatory biomarkers in the aqueous humor or OCT findings. Additionally, GRP78 could not serve as a biomarker to predict short-term prognosis of anti-VEGF agent.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MICROPULSE LASER TREATMENT OF DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA ON THE RETINAL PHOTOSENSITIVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Guro ◽  
◽  
Yu.Yu. Khzardzhan ◽  
V.N. Potapova ◽  
A.S. Balalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micropulse Laser ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Group Control Group

72 patients (72 eyes) were examined with flat diffuse or focal diabetic macular edema up to 500 microns high. Patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 40 patients (40 eyes) with a treatment using a Supra 532 laser (Quantel Medical, France). The second group (control group) included 32 patients (32 eyes) with a treatment using a Supra 577 laser (Quantel Medical, France). Significant decrease of macular edema and increase of focal threshold were statistically achieved in both groups. At the same time, a statistically significant difference in the treatment efficacy between the first and second groups was not detected.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cytokines in the Aqueous Humor During Intravitreal Treatment With Ranibizumab in Diabetic Macular Edema

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Guilherme Azevedo Freitas ◽  
David Leonardo Cruvinel Isaac ◽  
Murilo Batista Abud ◽  
Alexandre Dantas Soares Quintas Segundo ◽  
Mariana Larissa Alvino Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Ischemia ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Intravitreal Treatment ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the concentrations, in aqueous humor, of VEGF, b-FGF, TNF, and interleukins 1, 6, 8, 10, and 12 in patients with diabetic macular edema, with and without peripheral retinal ischemia, and to analyze the variation of the levels of these molecules, during the treatment with ranibizumab.Methods: A therapeutic, prospective, randomized interventional study was carried out. Twenty-four eyes from 24 patients were studied, divided into 3 groups. Group 1, (9 eyes), patients with EMD without peripheral ischemia. Group 2 (10 eyes), patients with EMD with peripheral ischemia. Group 3, (5 eyes), control group, formed by patients without systemic and/or eye diseases. Patients in groups 1 and 2 were treated with 3 intravitreal injections of 2 mg/0.05 ml of ranibizumab, with intervals of approximately 30 days. Before performing the injections, the aqueous humor was collected. In the control group, the material was collected before the facectomy procedure. Results: During treatment, the medians of IL-6 concentrations showed a statistically significant increase, in group 1 and group 2, there was a slight decrease, not statistically significant. Interleukin 8 showed statistically significant variations in groups 1 and 2, at the end of treatment. TNF, IL-1, IL-10, and IL-12 had their concentrations practically unchanged, in both groups. VEGF showed a statistically significant reduction in groups 1 and 2 at the end of the study. B-FGF was not detected in most of the studied patients, and in those that were found, they did not present statistically significant numbers. Conclusion: There were statistically significant variations in the increase of their median levels in interleukin 6, in the group without ischemia and a decrease in VEGF in both groups. The cytokines TNF, IL-1, IL-10, and IL-12 did not show statistically significant variations.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the duration of action of dexamethasone intravitreal implants in diabetic macular edema patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Gun Park ◽  
Moon Young Choi ◽  
Jin-woo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Hyperreflective Foci ◽  
Intravitreal Dexamethasone ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

AbstractWe designed this study to determine the association between the duration of action of intravitreal dexamethasone implants and aqueous humor biomarkers or optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. We measured the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, -8, -10, -17; placental growth factor; and vascular endothelial growth factor in the aqueous humor, and identified the number of hyperreflective foci (HF), grades of ellipsoid zone disruptions, and baseline central subfield thicknesses (CSTs) using OCT of patients with DME. The average duration of action of dexamethasone implants was 4.32 ± 1.18 months. In multivariate linear regression analyses, the duration of action was associated with aqueous IL-8 levels and the number of HF (β = −0.016, p = 0.037 and β = −0.073, p = 0.035, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the number of HF (>10) was significantly associated with a shorter duration (<4 months) of action (odds ratio: 17.17, p = 0.010). The duration of action of intravitreal dexamethasone implants in DME patients was associated with the level of aqueous IL-8 and the number of HF using OCT. Specifically, higher number of HF in the OCT was associated with a shorter duration of action.

Intravitreal Ranibizumab and Aqueous Humor Factors/Cytokines in Major and Macular Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 235 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetaka Noma ◽  
Tatsuya Mimura ◽  
Kanako Yasuda ◽  
Hayate Nakagawa ◽  
Ryosuke Motohashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽  
Vein Occlusion

Aqueous humor levels of cytokines and growth/inflammatory factors were measured in 38 patients with macular edema who had major branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) or macular BRVO and were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab injection (IRI). Patients with recurrence of macular edema received further IRI as needed. Aqueous humor levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1), and other cytokines/factors were measured. Compared with major BRVO, macular BRVO was associated with lower aqueous humor levels of sVEGFR-1, its ligands (VEGF and placental growth factor), and other growth/inflammatory factors (platelet-derived growth factor-AA, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8). The mean number of IRI over 6 months was significantly lower in the macular BRVO group than in the major BRVO group. These findings suggest that macular BRVO requires fewer IRI than major BRVO and is associated with lower aqueous humor levels of various growth/inflammatory factors and cytokines.

scholarly journals Diabetic macular edema with pachychoroid features

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungeun Kang ◽  
Hyungwoo Lee ◽  
Minsu Jang ◽  
Hyung Chan Kim ◽  
Hyewon Chung
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diffuse Type ◽  
Imaging Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background To investigate the clinical features of diabetic macular edema (DME) in eyes with pachychoroid phenotypes using multimodal retinal imaging. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 210 eyes from 210 DME patients and analyzed the clinical and imaging parameters, including visual acuity, central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and neural retina layer thickness (NRT). The DME eyes were divided into two groups: group 1 (80 eyes with submacular detachment [SMD]) and group 2 (130 eyes without SMD). The clinical and imaging parameters of 285 eyes from 285 diabetic patients without DME were collected as a control group. Results DME eyes with pachychoroid phenotypes were more frequent in group 1 than in group 2 (53 eyes [66.25%] and 53 eyes [40.77%], respectively, P < 0.001). Pachychoroid phenotypes were identified in 108 (37.90%) of the control eyes. CMT and NRT were greater in group 1 than in group 2. In group 1, 37 eyes had SMD combined with focal edema, and 43 eyes had SMD combined with diffuse-type edema. No significant difference in pachychoroid phenotypes was found between the focal and diffuse types (26 [70.27%] and 27 [62.79%], respectively, P = 0.481). In group 2, 70 eyes had focal-type edema, and 60 eyes had diffuse-type edema. No significant difference in the frequency of pachychoroid phenotypes was found (32 [45.71%] and 21 [35.00%], respectively, P = 0.215). Interestingly, among the 70 eyes with focal edema in group 2, 13 (40.6%) and 5 (13.2%) eyes with and without pachychoroid phenotypes showed no definite microaneurysms, respectively. Conclusion SMD and focal edema without definite microaneurysms may be clinical manifestations of DME with pachychoroid phenotypes and possibly related to choroidal circulation disturbance in DME.

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