cotton wool
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil A. Ibrahim ◽  
Basma M. Eid ◽  
El-Amir M. Emam

AbstractA green facile nano-finishing route was developed to impart high antibacterial efficacy, UV-protection, self-cleaning and anti-wrinkle functions to cotton/wool and viscose/wool blends using TiO2, and/or Ag-NPs, as active ingredients, along with citric acid and/or succinic acid/ SHP as ester-crosslinking/fixing systems. The data so obtained demonstrated that outstanding durable functional properties can be achieved using the following formulation: TiO2/Ag-NPs (20 g/L each), citric acid/SHP (50 g/L/30 g/L) and the pad- dry microwave fixation at 1300 W for 5 min. SEM and EDX analysis for selected samples as well mode of interactions among the nominated finishing ingredients and the treated substrates were also investigated.


2022 ◽  
pp. 197140092110674
Author(s):  
Kamran Munawar ◽  
Eytan Raz ◽  
Seena Dehkharghani ◽  
Girish M Fatterpekar ◽  
Tobias K Block ◽  
...  

StarVIBE is a 3D gradient-echo sequence with a radial, stack-of-stars acquisition having spatial resolution and tissue contrast. With newer sequences, it is important to be familiar with sequence tissue contrasts and appearance of anatomical variants. We evaluated 450 patients utilizing this sequence; 35 patients demonstrated fluffy “cotton wool” enhancement at the internal auditory canal fundus without clear pathology. We favor this represents anatomic neurovascular enhancement that StarVIBE is sensitive to and is a touch-me-not finding.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Licong Liang ◽  
Yiliu Yang ◽  
Shaochong Bu ◽  
Fang Lu

Introduction: Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X-linked neuroectodermal dysplasia affecting multiple organs. One of its most significant ophthalmic manifestations is retinal neovascularization due to retinal ischemia, which has been traditionally treated with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy. The application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been reported for the treatment of retinopathy of IP with beneficial results. However, clinicians should be aware of the possible ocular and systemic side effects of the intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents.Case Report: A 4-month-old female infant with IP was treated with intravitreal injection of conbercept in both eyes. However, cotton-wool spots were noticed in the left eye 1 week after the injection. Laser photocoagulation was performed as an adjunct treatment. The cotton-wool spots were absorbed 1 month after the first intravitreal injection and have eventually disappeared.Discussion: The cotton-wool spots, after intravitreal injection of conbercept for the treatment of IP, indicated severe retinal ischemia resulting from the neutralization of excessive VEGF, which was shown on fundus photograph and fluorescent angiography. Anti-VEGF agents could cause retinal arteriolar vasoconstriction and artery occlusion on rare occasions. The administration of anti-VEGF agents in pediatric cases with severe neovascularization and retinal ischemia should be carefully considered.


2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110395
Author(s):  
Magdi El Messiry ◽  
Yasmin Ayman

Natural fibers and their waste are widely used all over the world, and their production has been increasing continuously. But, the rubber crumbs from used tire disposal are nonbiodegradable and present significant problems about their end-of-life given a critical environmental impact. These problems require recycling policies to provide the collection and recycling of used clothing, textile wastes, and rubber crumbs. In this work, the acoustic properties of insulator panels from the combination of textile fibers and rubber crumbs material were analyzed. Insulator panels demonstrated a good sound transmission loss (STL) characteristic, especially at high frequencies. The STL of the manufactured panels from a combination of fiber (cotton, wool, and Kapok) and rubber crumbs was investigated at the different sound frequencies. Results indicated that the fiber/rubber crumbs panel had a significant STL profile of 47 dB, 40 dB, and 35 dB, for Kapok, wool, and cotton, respectively. The addition of polylactic acid meltblown nonwoven fabric on the surface of the rubber crumbs side considerably increases the STL by 20%.


Author(s):  
Po Hsiang (Shawn) Yuan ◽  
Jonathan A. Micieli

Author(s):  
Rosanna Dammacco ◽  
Silvana Guerriero ◽  
Giovanni Alessio ◽  
Franco Dammacco

Abstract Purpose To provide an overview of the ocular features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and of the ophthalmic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that may be associated with the administration of antirheumatic drugs. Methods A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases. In addition, a cohort of 489 RA patients who attended the Authors’ departments were examined. Results Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, episcleritis, scleritis, peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK), and anterior uveitis were diagnosed in 29%, 6%, 5%, 2%, and 10%, respectively, of the mentioned cohort. Ocular ADRs to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are rarely reported and include subconjunctival hemorrhages and hemorrhagic retinopathy. In patients taking indomethacin, whorl-like corneal deposits and pigmentary retinopathy have been observed. Glucocorticoids are frequently responsible for posterior subcapsular cataracts and open-angle glaucoma. Methotrexate, the prototype of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), has been associated with the onset of ischemic optic neuropathy, retinal cotton-wool spots, and orbital non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Mild cystoid macular edema and punctate keratitis in patients treated with leflunomide have been occasionally reported. The most frequently occurring ADR of hydroxychloroquine is vortex keratopathy, which may progress to “bull’s eye” maculopathy. Patients taking tofacitinib, a synthetic DMARD, more frequently suffer herpes zoster virus (HZV) reactivation, including ophthalmic HZ. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors have been associated with the paradoxical onset or recurrence of uveitis or sarcoidosis, as well as optic neuritis, demyelinating optic neuropathy, chiasmopathy, and oculomotor palsy. Recurrent episodes of PUK, multiple cotton-wool spots, and retinal hemorrhages have occasionally been reported in patients given tocilizumab, that may also be associated with HZV reactivation, possibly involving the eye. Finally, rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has rarely been associated with necrotizing scleritis, macular edema, and visual impairment. Conclusion The level of evidence for most of the drug reactions described herein is restricted to the “likely” or “possible” rather than to the “certain” category. However, the lack of biomarkers indicative of the potential risk of ocular ADRs hinders their prevention and emphasizes the need for an accurate risk vs. benefit assessment of these therapies for each patient.


Author(s):  
Qun Ju ◽  
Takuya Zenji ◽  
Anthony L.B. Maçon ◽  
Elizabeth Norris ◽  
Gowsihan Poologasundarampillai ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Medine Gündogan ◽  
Soner Kiliç ◽  
Sertan Göktas ◽  
Esra Vural ◽  
Muhammed Rasit Sirem ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose To investigate whether there are retinal lesions associated with severe COVID-19. Methods We studied 232 symptomatic subjects aged 18 – 65 years who had severe COVID-19 and had received treatment. The evaluations included ophthalmological examinations, optical coherence tomography (OCT), imaging modalities with near infrared reflectance (NIR), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and fundus photography (FP). Results The mean age of the patients was 49 years, and 67.6% of them were men. There were no findings of microhemorrhage, cotton wool spots (CWS), vitritis, or retinitis in the examination and imaging. Conclusions This study indicates that retinal involvement as a complication associated with COVID-19 is questionable, although some reports have demonstrated a relationship that may occur secondary to existing systemic diseases.


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