scholarly journals Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis Use and Surgical Site Infection Pattern in Dessie Referral Hospital, Dessie, Northeast of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Desye Misganaw ◽  
Bedilu Linger ◽  
Atinkut Abesha
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Wound Class ◽  
Dessie Referral Hospital

Background. Surgical site infections are the third (14%-16%) most frequent cause of nosocomial infections among hospitalized patients. They still form a large health problem and result in increased antibiotic usage, increased associated costs, and prolonged hospitalization and contribute to increased patient morbidity and mortality. Therefore, studies on surgical site infections and surgical antibiotic prophylaxis contribute to identifying surgical site infection rate and risk factor associated with it as well as for identifying the gap in surgical antibiotic prophylaxis practice. Objective. To assess surgical antibiotic prophylaxis practice and surgical site infection among surgical patients. Method. A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted in 68 patients who underwent major surgery in Dessie Referral Hospital adult surgical wards between March 24 and April 25/2017. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine infection rate and risk factors for surgical site infections. Result. Assessment of 68 patients who underwent major surgery revealed an overall surgical site infection rate of 23.4%. Prophylactic antibiotics were administered for 59 operations; of these, 33 (48.6%) had inappropriate timing of administration. A combination of ceftriaxone and metronidazole 28 (47.46%) was frequently used. Factors associated with surgical site infection were wound class, patient comorbid condition, duration of the procedure, the timing of administration, and omitting prophylaxis use. Conclusion. This study indicated a higher rate of surgical site infection and also revealed that wound class, preexisting medical condition, prolonged duration of surgery, omitting of prophylaxis use, and inappropriate timing of administration were highly associated with surgical site infection.

Reduction in Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis Expenditure and the Rate of Surgical Site Infection by Means of a Protocol That Controls the Use of Prophylaxis

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1358-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa I. Gómez ◽  
Silvia I. Acosta-Gnass ◽  
Luisa Mosqueda-Barboza ◽  
Juan A Basualdo
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

Objective.To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention based on training and the use of a protocol with an automatic stop of antimicrobial prophylaxis to improve hospital compliance with surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines.Design.An interventional study with a before-after trial was conducted in 3 stages: a 3-year initial stage (January 1999 to December 2001), during which a descriptive-prospective survey was performed to evaluate surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis and surgical site infections; a 6-month second stage (January to June 2002), during which an educational intervention was performed regarding the routine use of a surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis request form that included an automatic stop of prophylaxis (the “automatic-stop prophylaxis form”); and a 3-year final stage (July 2002 to June 2005), during which a descriptive-prospective survey of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis and surgical site infections was again performed.Setting.An 88-bed teaching hospital in Entre Ríos, Argentina.Patients.A total of 3,496 patients who underwent surgery were included in the first stage of the study and 3,982 were included in the final stage.Results.Comparison of the first stage of the study with the final stage revealed that antimicrobial prophylaxis was given at the appropriate time to 55% and 88% of patients, respectively (relative risk [RR], 0.27 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.25-0.30]; P < .01); the antimicrobial regimen was adequate in 74% and 87% of patients, respectively (RR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.45-0.55]; P < .01); duration of the prophylaxis was adequate in 44% and 55% of patients, respectively (RR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.77-0.84]; P < .01); and the surgical site infection rates were 3.2% and 1.9%, respectively (RR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.44-0.79]; P < .01). Antimicrobial expenditure was US$10,678.66 per 1,000 patient-days during the first stage and US$7,686.05 per 1,000 patient-days during the final stage (RR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.86-0.89]; P<.01).Conclusion.The intervention based on training and application of a protocol with an automatic stop of prophylaxis favored compliance with the hospital's current surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines before the intervention, achieving significant reductions of surgical site infection rates and substantial savings for the healthcare system.

Reduction in Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis Expenditure and the Rate of Surgical Site Infection by Means of a Protocol That Controls the Use of Prophylaxis

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1358-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa I. Gómez ◽  
Silvia I. Acosta-Gnass ◽  
Luisa Mosqueda-Barboza ◽  
Juan A Basualdo
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

Objective.To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention based on training and the use of a protocol with an automatic stop of antimicrobial prophylaxis to improve hospital compliance with surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines.Design.An interventional study with a before-after trial was conducted in 3 stages: a 3-year initial stage (January 1999 to December 2001), during which a descriptive-prospective survey was performed to evaluate surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis and surgical site infections; a 6-month second stage (January to June 2002), during which an educational intervention was performed regarding the routine use of a surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis request form that included an automatic stop of prophylaxis (the “automatic-stop prophylaxis form”); and a 3-year final stage (July 2002 to June 2005), during which a descriptive-prospective survey of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis and surgical site infections was again performed.Setting.An 88-bed teaching hospital in Entre Ríos, Argentina.Patients.A total of 3,496 patients who underwent surgery were included in the first stage of the study and 3,982 were included in the final stage.Results.Comparison of the first stage of the study with the final stage revealed that antimicrobial prophylaxis was given at the appropriate time to 55% and 88% of patients, respectively (relative risk [RR], 0.27 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.25-0.30];P&lt; .01); the antimicrobial regimen was adequate in 74% and 87% of patients, respectively (RR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.45-0.55];P&lt; .01); duration of the prophylaxis was adequate in 44% and 55% of patients, respectively (RR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.77-0.84];P&lt; .01); and the surgical site infection rates were 3.2% and 1.9%, respectively (RR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.44-0.79];P&lt; .01). Antimicrobial expenditure was US$10,678.66 per 1,000 patient-days during the first stage and US$7,686.05 per 1,000 patient-days during the final stage (RR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.86-0.89];P&lt;.01).Conclusion.The intervention based on training and application of a protocol with an automatic stop of prophylaxis favored compliance with the hospital's current surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines before the intervention, achieving significant reductions of surgical site infection rates and substantial savings for the healthcare system.

scholarly journals An observational study of incidence of surgical site infections in gastrointestinal surgeries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 3595
Author(s):  
Jenishkumar Vijaykumar Modi ◽  
Darshit Kalaria
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: This study analysed the incidence of surgical site infections in gastrointestinal surgeries and its risk factors. so this study helped us in reducing surgical site infection by avoiding or minimizing that risk factors.Methods: The present study was conducted at general surgery department, SMIMER, Surat. An observational study of 400 cases that have undergone abdominal surgery in SMIMER hospital and were followed up from the day of operation to 30 days after discharge was done.Results: The overall infection rate for a total of the 400 cases was 17.25%. The incidence rate in this study was well within the infection rates of 2.8% to 17% seen in other studies. Different studies from India at different places have shown the SSI (surgical site infection) rate to vary from 6.09% to 38.7%.Conclusions: Our study reveals that though SSIs have been widely studied since a long time, they still remain as one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in surgically treated patients.

Quality improvement initiative: Preventative Surgical Site Infection Protocol in Vascular Surgery

Vascular ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Parizh ◽  
Enrico Ascher ◽  
Syed Ali Raza Rizvi ◽  
Anil Hingorani ◽  
Michael Amaturo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Vascular Surgery ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Revascularization Procedures

Objective A quality improvement initiative was employed to decrease single institution surgical site infection rate in open lower extremity revascularization procedures. Summary background data: In an attempt to lower patient morbidity, we developed and implemented the Preventative Surgical Site Infection Protocol in Vascular Surgery. Surgical site infections lead to prolonged hospital stays, adjunctive procedure, and additive costs. We employed targeted interventions to address the common risk factors that predispose patients to post-operative complications. Methods Retrospective review was performed between 2012 and 2016 for all surgical site infections after revascularization procedures of the lower extremity. A quality improvement protocol was initiated in January 2015. Primary outcome was the assessment of surgical site infection rate reduction in the pre-protocol vs. post-protocol era. Secondary outcomes evaluated patient demographics, closure method, perioperative antibiotic coverage, and management outcomes. Results Implementation of the protocol decreased the surgical site infection rate from 6.4% to 1.6% p = 0.0137). Patient demographics and comorbidities were assessed and failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference among the infection and no-infection groups. Wound closure with monocryl suture vs. staple proved to be associated with decreased surgical site infection rate ( p < 0.005). Conclusions Preventative measures, in the form of a standardized protocol, to decrease surgical site infections in the vascular surgery population are effective and necessary. Our data suggest that there may be benefit in the incorporation of MRSA and Gram-negative coverage as part of the Surgical Care Improvement Project perioperative guidelines.

Value-based purchasing may unfairly penalize specialty centers performing combined liver–colon multivisceral resections

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Ira L Leeds ◽  
Peter J Pronovost ◽  
J Matthew Austin ◽  
Elliott R Haut
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Risk Adjustment ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Multivisceral Resection ◽  
Colon Surgery ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate ◽  
Value Based Purchasing

Background Some of the measures in value-based purchasing programs may be flawed due to inadequate risk adjustment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the surgical casemix on surgical site infection rates using combined colectomy–hepatectomy resections as a test case. Methods We identified all adult patients undergoing elective colon surgery (2007–2013) in the National Inpatient Sample. We defined patients with a concurrent liver resection as “multivisceral resections.” Cases from each hospital were pooled by hospital identifier. The association between surgical site infection rate and the proportion of multivisceral resections performed was compared statistically. Findings were further tested for independence against hospital-level characteristics similar to risk-adjusted surgical site infection rate reporting. Results We identified 1014 hospitals performing 127,646 colon surgeries including 1168 (0.9%) multivisceral resections. The overall surgical site infection rate for multivisceral resection was 11.3% versus 1.6% for colectomy-only resections (p < 0.001). Simple linear regression demonstrated a 2.3% increase in a hospital’s surgical site infection rate for each 1% increase in the proportion of multivisceral resections performed. Multivariable linear regression demonstrated a preserved association. Conclusion A hospital’s rate of surgical site infections is positively associated with the proportion of multivisceral resections performed. Value-based purchasing programs should assess readily available data for further risk-adjustment inclusion.

A Perioperative Systems Design to Improve Intraoperative Glucose Monitoring Is Associated with a Reduction in Surgical Site Infections in a Diabetic Patient Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse M. Ehrenfeld ◽  
Jonathan P. Wanderer ◽  
Maxim Terekhov ◽  
Brian S. Rothman ◽  
Warren S. Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate

Abstract Background Diabetic patients receiving insulin should have periodic intraoperative glucose measurement. The authors conducted a care redesign effort to improve intraoperative glucose monitoring. Methods With approval from Vanderbilt University Human Research Protection Program (Nashville, Tennessee), the authors created an automatic system to identify diabetic patients, detect insulin administration, check for recent glucose measurement, and remind clinicians to check intraoperative glucose. Interrupted time series and propensity score matching were used to quantify pre- and postintervention impact on outcomes. Chi-square/likelihood ratio tests were used to compare surgical site infections at patient follow-up. Results The authors analyzed 15,895 cases (3,994 preintervention and 11,901 postintervention; similar patient characteristics between groups). Intraoperative glucose monitoring rose from 61.6 to 87.3% in cases after intervention (P = 0.0001). Recovery room entry hyperglycemia (fraction of initial postoperative glucose readings greater than 250) fell from 11.0 to 7.2% after intervention (P = 0.0019), while hypoglycemia (fraction of initial postoperative glucose readings less than 75) was unchanged (0.6 vs. 0.9%; P = 0.2155). Eighty-seven percent of patients had follow-up care. After intervention the unadjusted surgical site infection rate fell from 1.5 to 1.0% (P = 0.0061), a 55.4% relative risk reduction. Interrupted time series analysis confirmed a statistically significant surgical site infection rate reduction (P = 0.01). Propensity score matching to adjust for confounders generated a cohort of 7,604 well-matched patients and confirmed a statistically significant surgical site infection rate reduction (P = 0.02). Conclusions Anesthesiologists add healthcare value by improving perioperative systems. The authors leveraged the one-time cost of programming to improve reliability of intraoperative glucose management and observed improved glucose monitoring, increased insulin administration, reduced recovery room hyperglycemia, and fewer surgical site infections. Their analysis is limited by its applied quasiexperimental design.

Enhancing recovery: Joining the Improving Surgical Care and Recovery programme to decrease colorectal surgical site infections

2021 ◽  
pp. 175045892096202
Author(s):  
Bernadette Boalt-Watson ◽  
Cherif Boutros
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Mechanical Bowel Preparation ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate

Aim Surgical site infections after colorectal surgery are a clinical and financial challenge in healthcare. The purpose of this project was to decrease the rate of surgical site infections in colorectal surgical patients in a community hospital with an academic cancer centre in the United States of America. Method The Quality Improvement Department obtained data to measure the hospital’s performance with colorectal surgical patients. The data examined the surgical site infection rate and the length of stay. A multidisciplinary team was established to implement protocols to improve compliance. Results More than 200 patients received a colorectal surgical resection at the hospital. The implemented protocols decreased both the surgical site infection rate and the length of stay (9.1–0% and median 6–4 days respectively). Discussion Challenges with implementation of the Improving Surgical Care and Recovery programme, in a community setting, are discussed. The challenges were worked through collaboratively to achieve the best outcomes for the patients. Conclusion The interdisciplinary committee used evidence-based practices to enhance the care of the colorectal patients. Some of the protocols that emerged were: patient education, pain medication, mechanical bowel preparation and antibiotics, as well as early alimentation. The protocols are discussed in Tables 1 to 4.

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