scholarly journals The Antler Cycle and Fecal Testosterone of Male Sambar Deer Rusa unicolor unicolor at the Horton Plains National Park in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
D. S. Weerasekera ◽  
S. J. Perera ◽  
D. K. K. Nanayakkara ◽  
H. M. S. S. Herath ◽  
A. N. L. Rathnasekara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Antler Growth ◽  
Antler Cycle ◽  
Sambar Deer ◽  
Fecal Testosterone

This study is aimed at evaluating the relationship between endogenous testosterone levels and antler development in male sambar deer (Rusa unicolor unicolor) inhabiting the Horton Plains National Park, Sri Lanka. Seven antler growth stages of sambar were documented based on phenotypic observations for the first time in Sri Lanka as (a) cast, (b) growing 1—single spike, (c) growing 2—antler fork into a Y as the second tine appears, (d) growing 3—velvet begins to harden as the third tine appears, (e) growth completed—velvet shedding begins, (f) hard antler, and (g) casting. Fecal samples were collected every month for a period of eighteen months from male sambar deer in different stages of the antler growth cycle, feeding in the wet patana grasslands of the park, and the fecal testosterone level was estimated by radioimmunoassay. Ten animals were randomly selected from each antler stage for the experiment. The results disclose that the highest concentrations of testosterone were recorded in the hard antler stage. Velvet shedding was preceded by an increase in the testosterone level, and it is the sudden drop in the testosterone concentration which triggers the antler casting. The casting stage corresponded with the lowest mean testosterone concentration. Although the study was able to conclude a clear relationship between the fecal testosterone levels of the male sambar deer in the Horton Plains National Park and their antler stages, there is no clear seasonality for the antler cycle.

scholarly journals Effect of Testosterone on Antler Growth in Male Sambar Deer (Rusaunicolor unicolor) in Horton Plains National Park, Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Weerasekera ◽  
N. L. Rathnasekara ◽  
D.K.K. Nanayakkara ◽  
H.M.S.S. Herath ◽  
S.J. Perera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
National Park ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Antler Growth ◽  
Single Spike ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sambar Deer ◽  
Fecal Testosterone

ABSTRACTThis study establishes the relationship between testosterone concentration with the different antler phases in male sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) inhabiting the Horton plains National Park, Sri Lanka (HPNP). Antler growth of sambar was categorized into seven phases; Cast (C), Growing single spike (GS), Growing into a Y as first tine appears (GIY), Growing Velvet begins to harden as third appears(GVT), Growth completed - velvet shedding begins (VS), Hard antler (HA), Casting (CT) based on phenotypic observations. The fecal samples were collected from 10 male sambar deer in each different phases of the antler growth cycle. Fecal testosterone level was estimated using radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results disclose that the dry feces of sambar deer in hard antler phase have a highest mean testosterone concentration of 18.52± 01.87 ng g−1. In the GVT phase the mean testosterone concentration was 09.50±2.01ng g −1, while in the VS phase the mean testosterone concentration increased to 14 ± 01.89 ng g−1. The study also reveals a declination of the testosterone concentration (06.80± 01.20 ng g-1) in CS phase. The C phase had a mean testosterone concentration of 05.52± 0.84 ng g−1. The fecal testosterone levels of the male sambar deer in HPNP changes according to the phase of the antler cycle.SUMMARY STATEMENTTestosterone concentration in fecal pellets of antler phases of male sambar deer in Horton plains National park, Sri Lanka evaluated by Radioimmunoassay kit. The results obtained in this study were agreement with identical research work carried out in other deer species with temperate ancestry.

PLASMA TESTOSTERONE AND SHELL QUALITY

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1107-1109
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
C. D. BENNETT ◽  
L. J. CASTON ◽  
C. E. ANDERSON-LANGMUIR ◽  
R. J. ETCHES
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Key Words Testosterone

Plasma testosterone levels were measured in commercial strain Leghorn pullets from 16 to 80 wk of age. Testosterone level was high just prior to first egg, but subsequently declined and stayed at a constant level through the production cycle. There was no relationship between testosterone concentration and eggshell quality (P > 0.05). Key words: Testosterone, shell quality

Hormonal regulation of reproduction and the antler cycle in the male Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus). Part I. Seasonal changes in the histology of the reproductive organs, serum testosterone, sperm production, and the antler cycle

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1617-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nels O. West ◽  
H. C. Nordan
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Sperm Production ◽  
Regulation Of Reproduction ◽  
Antler Growth ◽  
Testis Volume ◽  
Antler Cycle

The hormonal regulation of reproduction and the antler cycle was investigated by measuring serum testosterone, testis volume, sperm production, and the antler growth cycle of wild and captive deer. The functional relationships of the testes and accessory sex glands to reproduction and antler growth were also studied by examining these organs histologically.Reproductive activity was maximal in November when the mean serum testosterone level of the adult males was 10 ng/ml, testis volume averaged 30 cm3, and the concentration of sperm in the semen was 100 × 106 to 700 × 106/ml. In winter, the activity of the reproductive organs declined, until a minimum was reached in February or March. The antlers were cast several weeks after the serum testosterone dropped below 1 ng/ml. In spring, a significant increase in spermatogenetic activity occurred, coincident with the initiation of antler growth. The serum testosterone level, however, remained low until velvet shedding, in late summer.These findings support the hypothesis that the maturation of antlers, shedding of the velvet, and the maintenance of antlers in the hard, functional condition are dependent on testosterone. The possible significance of increased spermatogenetic activity in the spring and its relationship to antler growth are also discussed.

scholarly journals Prepubertal Serum Testosterone Concentration In Vembur Rams At Different Rearing System

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Selvakkumar ◽  
T. Sivakumar ◽  
S. Ganesh Kumar ◽  
P. Anuradha
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Age At Puberty

The present investigation was carried out to study the prepubertal testosterone pattern and age at puberty in Vembur rams reared under farm and farmers field condition. A total number of 8 Vembur ram lambs each from farm and farmers field were selected. The measurement of testosterone was performed by Radioimmunoassay (RIA). The serum testosterone level from 6th to 20th month of age ranged from 0.132 ± 0.04 to 3.823 ng/ml in semi intensively maintained farm males and 0.138±0.04 to 3.456±0.17 ng/ml in animals maintained at farmer’s holdings. The serum testosterone levels were crossing the concentration of 2.5 ng/ml at the age of 17 to 18th weeks and successful mounting, intromission and ejaculation were noticed after this age.

Free Testosterone Level And Quality of Cauda Epididymis Sperm of Local Rabbit That Given Commercial Feed Supplemented By Cod Fish Liver Oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ni Gusti Ayu Manik Ermayanti ◽  
I Gusti Lanang Oka ◽  
I Gede Mahardika ◽  
I Putu Suyadnya
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Fish Liver ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Free Testosterone Level ◽  
Range Test

This study was intended to determine the free testosterone levels and sperm quality of local rabbit that was given commercial feed supplemented cod fish liver oil.  The experiment design that was used in this research was Complete Random Design (CRD) with four experiments of feed, i.e. commercial feed without cod fish liver oil (R-0) as control, commercial feed + 1,5% cod fish liver oil (R-1), commercial feed + cod fish liver oil 3% (R-2), commercial feed + cod fish liver oil 4,5% (R-3). The each experiment included eight rabbits and feed experiment was given starting by 13 weeks to 26 weeks years old. The variable that observed was free testosterone level and sperm quality of local rabbit. The data that was obtained to be analyzed with One Way Anova and if its contrast was done more test with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result of this research was to show that supplementation of cod fish liver oil in commercial feed was to show the result that a real distinction of (P<0, 05) towards free testosterone level and sperm quality of local rabbit.

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