scholarly journals Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a 34-Week Premature Infant with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Mary K. Mannix ◽  
Danielle Blood ◽  
Oscar G. Gomez-Duarte ◽  
Lauren Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Premature Neonate ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infection

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory infection caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While SARS-CoV-2 is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults, COVID-19 also affects newborn infants in nurseries and the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). The majority of infected neonates are believed to acquire SARS-CoV-2 by horizontal transmission, and most of them have asymptomatic or mild symptomatic infections. In rare cases, infants with COVID-19 may have severe complications resulting in death. We report a case of COVID-19 in a premature neonate born at 34 weeks gestational age who presented with hypothermia and respiratory distress and subsequently developed clinical and radiological signs of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The neonate received medical management, including antibiotics, suspension of gastric feeds, and intensive NICU support. The neonate’s clinical condition improved without surgical intervention, and after 10 days of antibiotics and gradual reestablishment of gastric feeds, patient health condition returned to normal, and weeks later, he was discharged home. COVID-19 in infants is frequently asymptomatic or associated with mild disease, and in rare cases, it may be associated with severe gastrointestinal complications including NEC.

scholarly journals Newborns at risk of Covid-19 ― lessons from the last year

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika D. Shah ◽  
Ola Didrik Saugstad
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
World Health ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract After more than 1 year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a great deal of knowledge on how this virus affects pregnant women, the fetus and the newborn has accumulated. The gap between different guidelines how to handle newborn infants during this pandemic has been minimized, and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)’s recommendations are now more in accordance with those of the World Health Organization (WHO). In this article we summarize present knowledge regarding transmission from mother to the fetus/newborn. Although both vertical and horizontal transmission are rare, SARS-CoV-2 positivity is associated with an increased risk of premature delivery and higher neonatal mortality and morbidity. Mode of delivery and cord clamping routines should not be affected by the mother’s SARS-CoV-2 status. Skin to skin contact, rooming in and breastfeeding are recommended with necessary hygiene precautions. Antibodies of infected or vaccinated women seem to cross both the placenta and into breast milk and likely provide protection for the newborn.

scholarly journals The Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis following the Administration of Hyperosmolar Enteral Medications to Extremely Preterm Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Faiza Latheef ◽  
Hanna Wahlgren ◽  
Helene Engstrand Lilja ◽  
Barbro Diderholm ◽  
Mattias Paulsson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Quality Register ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Hyperosmolar Solutions

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease predominantly affecting preterm infants. The administration of hyperosmolar solutions could lead to the development of NEC. The objective of this study was to measure the osmolality of enteral medications used in clinical practice and to assess the risk of NEC following exposure to hyperosmolar medications. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective cohort study in extremely preterm infants (gestational age &#x3c;28 weeks) born between 2010 and 2016 at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Sweden. 465 infants were identified via the Swedish Neonatal Quality register. Data relating to enteral administrations received during a two-week period were collected from the medical records. The osmolalities of medications were measured using an osmometer. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio of developing NEC. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 253 patients met the inclusion criteria. The osmolalities of 5 commonly used medications significantly exceeded the recommended limit of 450 mOsm/kg set by the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP). Most patients (94%) received at least one hyperosmolar medication. No significant risk of developing NEC could be found. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The medications used in clinical practice can significantly exceed the limit set by the AAP. This study does not indicate an increased risk of developing NEC in extremely preterm infants following exposure to hyperosmolar medications. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed to determine the specific cut-off level of osmolality in relation to the pathogenesis of NEC.

Internet of things-based cloud computing platform for analyzing the physical health condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mengyao Cui ◽  
Seung-Soo Baek ◽  
Rubén González Crespo ◽  
R. Premalatha
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Concept Model ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Cloud Servers

BACKGROUND: Health monitoring is important for early disease diagnosis and will reduce the discomfort and treatment expenses, which is very relevant in terms of prevention. The early diagnosis and treatment of multiple conditions will improve solutions to the patient’s healthcare radically. A concept model for the real-time patient tracking system is the primary goal of the method. The Internet of things (IoT) has made health systems accessible for programs based on the value of patient health. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the IoT-based cloud computing for patient health monitoring framework (IoT-CCPHM), has been proposed for effective monitoring of the patients. METHOD: The emerging connected sensors and IoT devices monitor and test the cardiac speed, oxygen saturation percentage, body temperature, and patient’s eye movement. The collected data are used in the cloud database to evaluate the patient’s health, and the effects of all measures are stored. The IoT-CCPHM maintains that the medical record is processed in the cloud servers. RESULTS: The experimental results show that patient health monitoring is a reliable way to improve health effectively.

scholarly journals An Outbreak of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Associated with a NovelClostridiumSpecies in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (s1) ◽  
pp. S101-S105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle J. Alfa ◽  
Diane Robson ◽  
Maria Davi ◽  
Kathy Bernard ◽  
Paul Van Caeseele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care

scholarly journals Cecal perforation secondary to fungal necrotizing enterocolitis in a premature neonate

2021 ◽  
pp. 106304
Author(s):  
Christina Onyebuchi ◽  
Christian Sommerhalder ◽  
Sifrance Tran ◽  
Ravi Radhakrishnan ◽  
Aijan Ukudeyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Premature Neonate ◽  
Cecal Perforation

BACTERIAL COLONIZATION OF NEWBORN INFANTS IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

1982 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ERIKSSON ◽  
B. MELÉN ◽  
K.-E. MYRBÄCK ◽  
B. WINBLADH ◽  
R. ZETTERSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Newborn Infants

An Outbreak of Clostridium difficile Necrotizing Enterocolitis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-266
Author(s):  
GRAHAM W. CHANCE ◽  
VICTOR K. M. HAN
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Colonization Rate ◽  
Control Subjects

In Reply.— The observation made by Mathew et al on the lack of relationship between the isolation of Clostridium difficile and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in their neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is interesting, although the numbers are too small for relevant comment. Importantly, no mention was made on how the control subjects were selected.1 We agree that the colonization rate in NICUs may vary widely and may range up to 55% in certain units.2 In the subsequent four months following the outbreak that we reported, all infants admitted to our NICU had their stools tested weekly for C difficile.

Review on Reliable and Quality Wearable Healthcare Device (WHD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Nimi W. S. ◽  
P. Subha Hency Jose ◽  
Jegan R.
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Quality Signal ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Smart Wearable

This paper presents a brief review on present developments in wearable devices and their importance in healthcare networks. The state-of-the-art system architecture on wearable healthcare devices and their design techniques are reviewed and becomes an essential step towards developing a smart device for various biomedical applications which includes diseases classifications and detection, analyzing nature of the bio signals, vital parameters measurement, and e-health monitoring through noninvasive method. From the review on latest published research papers on medical wearable device and bio signal analysis, it can be concluded that it is more important and very essential to design and develop a smart wearable device in healthcare environment for quality signal acquisition and e-health monitoring which leads to effective measures of multiparameter extractions. This will help the medical practitioners to understand the nature of patient health condition easily by visualizing a quality signal by smart wearable devices.

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