scholarly journals Multimodality Image Analysis in a Cohort of Patients with Atypical Juvenile Ocular Toxocariasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Guo ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Manli Li ◽  
Ke Fan ◽  
Shuyin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Ocular Toxocariasis ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
High Reflection

Purpose. To analysis the multimodal imaging of a group of patients diagnosed clinically with atypical juvenile ocular toxocariasis (OT). Methods. In this case series study, we examined 9 young patients diagnosed with atypical OT. Routine ophthalmological examinations, fundus photography, optical-coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FFA), and B-mode ultrasound were performed. A questionnaire was used to record whether the patients were newly diagnosed and whether they had a history of exposure to a cat and dog. Aqueous humor and serum samples were taken for serological tests. Results. In all the patients, yellow-and-white dot-shaped lesions and perivascular white sheath were seen in the fundus. Heterogeneous changes including hyper-reflection in the disrupted neuroretina, hyper-reflection in the outer retinal layer, high-reflection mass on the surface of the neuroretina accompanied with reflective attenuation, and high-reflection mass involving the entire neuroretina or high-reflection mass in the vitreous body were noticed in OCT images. On FFA, seven of these patients (77.8%) showed leakage of fluorescein in the small- and medium-branch veins of the retina, and a “bristle-like” change indicated increased permeability of the vessels. B-mode ultrasound showed proliferative membranes and proliferative bands (33.3%), as well as spotted opacity in the vitreous (66.7%). The antibodies to Toxocara canis in the aqueous humor and serum were positive, and the Goldmann–Witmer coefficient was significantly increased in 6 out of 7 patients. Conclusions. Multimodality images are useful in the diagnosis of atypical juvenile OT, which could be easily overlooked and misdiagnosed.

scholarly journals Age Differences in Axial Length, Corneal Curvature, and Corneal Astigmatism in Marfan Syndrome with Ectopia Lentis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jiahui Chen ◽  
Qinghe Jing ◽  
Yating Tang ◽  
Dongjin Qian ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Corneal Curvature ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Ectopia Lentis ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose. To investigate the differences in axial length, corneal curvature, and corneal astigmatism with age in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) and ectopia lentis. Methods. A retrospective case series study was conducted. MFS patients with ectopia lentis were divided into groups according to age. Axial length, corneal curvature, and corneal astigmatism were measured. Results. This study included 114 MFS patients (215 eyes) with a mean age of 19.0 ± 13.9 years. Axial length differed significantly across age groups in MFS patients (P<0.001), whereas corneal curvature did not (P=0.767). Corneal astigmatism was statistically significant throughout the MFS cohort (P=0.009), but no significant difference was found in young MFS patients (P=0.838). With increasing age, the orientation of the corneal astigmatism changed from with-the-rule astigmatism to against-the-rule or oblique astigmatism (P<0.001). A linear correlation analysis showed weak correlations between age and axial length for both eyes and with corneal astigmatism for the left eye, but there was no correlation between age and corneal curvature. Conclusions. In MFS, axial length varies with age, corneal curvature remains stable, and corneal astigmatism is higher in young patients and tends to shift toward against-the-rule or oblique astigmatism. Therefore, it is important to consider age when diagnosing MFS with ocular biometric data.

scholarly journals Characteristics and outcomes of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in young versus senior patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyu Liao ◽  
Xiaohong Wang ◽  
Jinguo Yu ◽  
Xiangda Meng ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Senior Patients

Abstract Background Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is one of the most common cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, and the incidence age of PDR patients gradually gets younger. This study aims to compare the characteristics of PDR and outcomes following vitrectomy in young and senior patients. Methods This is a retrospective case series study. Data of 116 eyes of 92 patients who underwent vitrectomy for PDR from February 2012 to February 2017 were reviewed, which were divided into young and senior patient groups. All patients were followed up for 24 months at least. Results There were 62.1% of eyes with tractional retinal detachment secondary to PDR in the young patient group, while only 12.1% of eyes in the senior patient group with this surgery indication. (P < 0.001) The best corrected visual acuity increased in 41 eyes (70.7%), stable in 9 eyes (15.5%), and decreased in 8 eyes (13.8%) in young patients at the final follow-up. And it increased in 47 eyes (81.0%), stable in 2 eyes (3.4%), and decreased in 9 eyes (15.5%) in senior patients.(P = 0.085) Postoperative complications mainly included recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (24.1%), retinal detachment (3.4%), neovascular glaucoma (NVG) (27.6%) and nuclear sclerosis (53.4%) in young patients, and it was 19.0, 0.0, 1.7 and 3.4% in senior patients respectively. Conclusion PDR of young patients is more severe than that of senior patients, and vitrectomy is an effective and safe method for PDR treatment. NVG is a main and severe complication besides nuclear sclerosis in young patients, and the incidence of NVG is higher compared to that in senior patients.

Pars-plana-Vitrektomie bei proliferativer diabetischer Retinopathie: Unterschiede zwischen jüngeren und älteren Patienten

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Viktoria Mrugala ◽  
Albert J. Augustin
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrektomie ◽  
Senior Patients

<b>Background:</b> Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is one of the most common cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, and the incidence age of PDR patients gradually gets younger. This study aims to compare the characteristics of PDR and outcomes following vitrectomy in young and senior patients. <b>Methods:</b> This is a retrospective case series study. Data of 116 eyes of 92 patients who underwent vitrectomy for PDR from February 2012 to February 2017 were reviewed, which were divided into young and senior patient groups. All patients were followed up for 24 months at least. <b>Results:</b> There were 62.1% of eyes with tractional retinal detachment secondary to PDR in the young patient group, while only 12.1% of eyes in the senior patient group with this surgery indication. (<i>P</i> &#x3c; 0.001) The best corrected visual acuity increased in 41 eyes (70.7%), stable in 9 eyes (15.5%), and decreased in 8 eyes (13.8%) in young patients at the final follow-up. And it increased in 47 eyes (81.0%), stable in 2 eyes (3.4%), and decreased in 9 eyes (15.5%) in senior patients (<i>P</i> = 0.085). Postoperative complications mainly included recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (24.1%), retinal detachment (3.4%), neovascular glaucoma (NVG) (27.6%) and nuclear sclerosis (53.4%) in young patients, and it was 19.0, 0.0, 1.7 and 3.4% in senior patients respectively. <b>Summary:</b> PDR of young patients is more severe than that of senior patients, and vitrectomy is an effective and safe method for PDR treatment. NVG is a main and severe complication besides nuclear sclerosis in young patients, and the incidence of NVG is higher compared to that in senior patients.

scholarly journals HELICOBACTER PYLORI & HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY;

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 063-067
Author(s):  
JAHANGIR LIAQUAT ◽  
IFTIKHAR KAZI ◽  
MUKHTIAR AHMED ◽  
Akber Hussain Yousfani ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Acute Confusional State ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Severity Grading ◽  
Cirrhosis Of Liver ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy is a common and serious complication affecting patients with liver disease. Helicobacterpylori bacterium is postulated to be involved in worsening of this condition via its potential to create ammonia within the gastrointestinal tract.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of H pylori infection in cirrhotic patients who were suffering from hepaticencephalopathy. Design: Case series study. Setting: Medical Unit-IV of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Period: January to July 2010.Methodology: Methodology: Every confirmed case of cirrhosis of liver who presented with acute confusional state, and loss of consciousnessto the emergency department of hospital was considered for enrollment in the study. The presence of hepatic encephalopathy was confirmedand its severity grading was done clinically. Subsequently H pylori serological tests were done on every patient and a cut off value of 200:1antibody titer was considered as positive. Primary outcome variable was presence or absence of H pylori antibody titer. Results: A total of 115patients were selected, 69 (60%) were males and 46 (40%) were females. The mean age of patients was 49.36 years with a SD of 7.8. Antibodyto H pylori was present in 83 (72.17%) patients, whereas it was absent in 32 (27.83%). Two out of ten patients (20%) who were in Grade I hepaticencephalopathy showed a positive test for H pylori antibody. In Grade II hepatic encephalopathy 17 out of 19 patients (89.47%) were havingpositive H pylori antibody, in grade III 29 out of 34 (85.29%) and grade IV 35 out of 52 patients (67.3%) were having the antibody to H pylori.Conclusions: Further studies are warranted to evaluate the arguments for and against the role of H pylori in the pathogenesis of hepaticencephalopathy.

Force Plate Analysis of Dogs with Bilateral Hip Dysplasia Treated with a Unilateral Triple Pelvic Osteotomy: A Long-term Review of Cases

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne R. Cockshutt ◽  
H. Dobson ◽  
C. W. Miller ◽  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
Connie L. Taves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Case Series Study

SummaryA retrospective case series study was done to determine the long-term outcome of operations upon dogs treated for canine hip dysplasia by means of a triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO). Twentyfour dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia, that received a unilateral TPO between January 1988 and June 1995, were re-examined at the Ontario Veterinary College. The assessment included physical, orthopedic and lameness examinations, standard blood work, pelvic radiographs and force plate gait analysis. They were compared to bilaterally dysplastic dogs that had not been treated, and also to normal dogs. Force plate data analysis demonstrated a significant increase in peak vertical force (PVF) and mean vertical force over stance (MVF) in the limb that underwent surgical correction by means of a TPO, when compared to the unoperated hip. It was determined that performing a unilateral TPO on a young dysplastic dog resulted in greater forces and weight bearing being projected through the TPO corrected limb when compared to the unoperated limb.Dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia treated with a unilateral triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) were assessed by force plate gait analysis, radiographs and orthopedic examination. There was a significant increase in hip Norberg angles over time, although degenerative changes did progress. Limbs that had been operated upon had significantly greater peak and mean ground reaction forces than limbs that had not received an operation.

Effect of Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction in Patellofemoral Instability Regardless of Predisposing Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ik Lee ◽  
Mohd Shahrul Azuan Jaffar ◽  
Han Gyeol Choi ◽  
Tae Woo Kim ◽  
Yong Seuk Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ◽  
Trochlear Dysplasia ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Patellofemoral Instability ◽  
International Knee Documentation Committee ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Mpfl Reconstruction ◽  
Patellar Tilt ◽  
Case Series Study

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of isolated medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction, regardless of the presence of predisposing factors. A total of 21 knees that underwent isolated MPFL reconstruction from March 2014 to August 2017 were included in this retrospective series. Radiographs of the series of the knee at flexion angles of 20, 40, and 60 degrees were acquired. The patellar position was evaluated using the patellar tilt angle, sulcus angle, congruence angle (CA), and Caton-Deschamps and Blackburne-Peel ratios. To evaluate the clinical outcome, the preoperative and postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm knee scoring scales were analyzed. To evaluate the postoperative outcomes based on the predisposing factors, the results were separately analyzed for each group. Regarding radiologic outcomes, 20-degree CA was significantly reduced from 10.37 ± 5.96° preoperatively to −0.94 ± 4.11° postoperatively (p = 0.001). In addition, regardless of the predisposing factors, delta values of pre- and postoperation of 20-degree CA were not significantly different in both groups. The IKDC score improved from 53.71 (range: 18–74) preoperatively to 94.71 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.004), and the Lysholm score improved from 54.28 (range: 10–81) preoperatively to 94.14 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.010). Isolated MPFL reconstruction provides a safe and effective treatment for patellofemoral instability, even in the presence of mild predisposing factors, such as trochlear dysplasia, increased patella height, increased TT–TG distance, or valgus alignment. This is a Level 4, case series study.

Evaluating Vitality and Periodontal Sensitivity of Teeth Adjacent to the Site of Open Sinus Lift Surgery before and after Treatment: A Case Series Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Amir Moeintaghavi ◽  
Negar Azami ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Zohrevand ◽  
Farid Shiezadeh ◽  
Hamid Jafarzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Sinus Lift ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Series Study

Transscleral Extraction of an Intraocular Foreign Body From the Posterior Segment of the Eye Without Pars Plana Vitrectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Štěpán Rusňák ◽  
Lenka Hecová
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Intraocular Foreign Body ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
Eye Trauma ◽  
Pars Plana

Purpose: Penetrating eye trauma with an intraocular foreign body is very frequent, especially in men in their productive age. Pars plana vitrectomy would be the standard surgical method at our department. However, in indicated cases (metallic intraocular bodies in the posterior eye segment in young patients with well transparent ocular media without detached ZSM and without any evident vitreoretinal traction) transscleral extraction of the intraocular foreign body is performed using the exo magnet, eventually endo magnet with a minimal PPV without PVD induction under the visual control of endo-illumination. Materials and Methods: Between June 2003 and June 2018, 66 eyes of 66 patients diagnosed with a penetrating eye trauma caused by an intraocular foreign body located in the posterior eye segment were treated. In 18 eyes (27,3 %) with a metallic foreign body in vitreous (body) or in retina, no PPV or a minimal PPV without PVD was used as a surgical method. In the remaining 48 eyes (72,7 %), a standard 20G, respectively 23G PPV method were used together with PVD induction and the foreign body extraction via endo or exo magnet. Conclusions: As demonstrated by our survey/study, in the cases of a thoroughly considered indication an experimented vitreoretinal surgeon can perform a safe NCT transscleral extraction from the posterior eye segment via exo magnet, eventually endo magnet under the visual control of a contact display system with a minimal PPV. Thereby, the surgeon can enhance the patient´s chance to preserve their own lens and its accommodative abilities as well as reduce the risk of further surgical interventions of the afflicted eye.

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