scholarly journals Differences in Psychological and Behavioral Changes between Children following School Closure due to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kiwamu Nakachi ◽  
Kentaro Kawabe ◽  
Rie Hosokawa ◽  
Ayumi Yoshino ◽  
Fumie Horiuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Mental Health Crisis ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Crisis

School closure due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pushed children across ages and nationalities into a state of mental health crisis. In Japan, children between the ages of 6 and 18 were ordered to stay at home and observe social distancing for several months. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of quarantine due to COVID-19 on children belonging to different developmental stages in life. Data were collected from mothers of typically developing children aged between 6 and 18 years. The differences in psychological and behavioral changes following school closure during the COVID-19 pandemic were explored. A total of 535 children, including 145 students in lower grades of elementary school (6–9 years), 124 students in higher grades of elementary school (9–12 years), 132 students in junior high school (12–15 years), and 134 students in high school (15–18 years), were recruited. Children in lower grades of elementary school (lower grades group) gained significantly lower understanding about COVID-19 and the necessity of COVID-19 restrictions than children in the other groups. Moreover, they had more psychological problems: they easily cried and complained, were unable to keep calm, and were dependent on parents and family members. Changes in sleep patterns were more prevalent in junior and senior high school students. We concluded that mental health care should be provided based on the growth period of each child not only during school closure but also after school reopening.

The Development and Learning Effectiveness of a Teaching Module for the Algal Fuel Cell

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Li-Ling Chao ◽  
Yu-Der Wen ◽  
Pin-Chen Chen ◽  
Chung-Chi Lin ◽  
Shu-Hua Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Teaching Module ◽  
Senior High School Students

This study emphasizes student-centered learning principles in developing an algal fuel cell teaching module for a student environmental education program. Using the algal battery, one of the authors (a junior high school science teacher) conducted the teaching module in eight classes, with 67 elementary school students in grade 5, 64 junior high school students in grade 8, and 159 senior high school students in grade 10, respectively. Results from the pre- and post- achievement tests of the algal fuel cell teaching module showed that the average score of elementary school, senior high school, and junior high school students increased by 23.73, 18.09, and 17.42 points, respectively, with a significant difference between post- and pretest scores (p<0.001). The gross average of student responses to the questionnaire was 4.04. The mean score for elementary school students significantly differed (p<0.01) from junior high and senior high school students.

Analyses of interest and recognition of necessity on soil by elementary school pupils and junior high school students based on a questionnaire survey on soil in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Hirai ◽  
Mitsuru Toma ◽  
Ikuko Akahane
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Forest Park

&lt;p&gt;Focusing on the number of the word &amp;#8220;soil&amp;#8221; in the field of science in the national guideline of Japan, it has been decreasing almost every ten years. Also, soil is taught inorganically and organic aspect is not treated in the field of science of the recent curriculum (Hirai et al. 2011). On the other hand, as urbanization is proceeding, people are gathering into city where the places with soil are scarce. Under such circumstances it would be important to analyze an interest and recognition of necessity on soil of elementary school pupils and junior high school students who are engaged with the present educational guideline. Therefore, soil education committee of Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition made a decision to conduct a questionnaire survey on soil in 2015. The questions in the questionnaire are; Q1. Are there places with soil around where you live, such as a rice field, forest, park or garden? Q2. Would you like to have places with soil around where you live? Q3. If you replied that you preferred to have a place with soil, what are your reasons? Q4. If you answered that you preferred not to have places with soil around in Q2, what are your reasons? Q5. In what situations have you touched soil? Q6. Circle all of the functions of soil that you think are useful in the lives of people, animals and plants which you are familiar with. Q7. Would you like to know more about soil? After the questionnaire survey, it was revealed that the questionnaire was answered by 5,396 pupils in the elementary schools and 3,472 students in the junior high schools. The results were partly summarized as follows: 1) The percentage of those who replied &amp;#8220;I would like to have as many as possible&amp;#8221; for Q2 decreased with increasing grade. The highest value was 48.3 % of 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; grader of elementary school, while the lowest was 27.5 % of 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; grader of junior high school. The recognition of necessity on soil would be decreasing with increasing age. 2) The percentage of those who replied Q5 with &amp;#8220;When working with flower pots&amp;#8221; decreased with increasing grade. The highest value was 71.0 % of 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; grader of the elementary school, while the lowest was 23.1 % of 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; grader of junior high school. Moreover, almost the same tendency was observed for &amp;#8220;When taking a class at school&amp;#8221;, that is, the highest value was 69.6 % of 1&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; grader of elementary school, while the lowest was 27.1 of 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; grader of junior high school. 3) The percentage of those who replied &amp;#8220;I would like to know as much as possible about soil&amp;#8221; for Q7 decreased with increasing age. The highest value was 66.1 % of 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt; grader of elementary school, while the lowest value was 14.5 % of 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; grader of junior high school.&lt;/p&gt;

Repeated Presentation of Stimuli and Production of Original Responses by Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Khatena
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Repeated Presentation ◽  
Verbal Stimuli

Form I of the Children's Version of Onomatopoeia and Images was administered to 107 elementary school students and Form II to 100 junior high school students. Their responses to 4 presentations of 5 verbal stimuli showed progressive mean gains in originality scores with the greatest gains occurring on the first repetition.

scholarly journals An examination of sleep health, lifestyle and mental health in junior high school students

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIDEKI TANAKA ◽  
KAZUHIKO TAIRA ◽  
MASASHI ARAKAWA ◽  
ATUSHI MASUDA ◽  
YUKARI YAMAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Health Lifestyle
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