Abstract 1674: Two phase study of KCNJ1 polymorphisms, calcium, magnesium and colorectal adenoma risk, results from the Tennessee Colorectal Polyp Study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangzhu Zhu ◽  
Martha J. Shrubsole ◽  
Reid M. Ness ◽  
Qiuyin Cai ◽  
Jirong Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Colorectal Polyp ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Adenoma Risk

Abstract 2196: Two-phase study ofPTHpolymorphisms, calcium, magnesium and colorectal adenoma risk

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Xiangzhu ◽  
Martha J. Shrubsole ◽  
Reid M. Ness ◽  
Qiuyin Cai ◽  
Walter E. Smalley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Adenoma Risk

scholarly journals PUFA levels in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids are differentially associated with colorectal adenoma risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara B. Rifkin ◽  
Martha J. Shrubsole ◽  
Qiuyin Cai ◽  
Walter E. Smalley ◽  
Reid M. Ness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Colorectal Polyp ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Advanced Adenomas ◽  
Adenoma Risk

AbstractDietary intake of PUFA has been associated with colorectal neoplasm risk; however, results from observational studies have been inconsistent. Most prior studies have utilised self-reported dietary measures to assess fatty acid exposure which might be more susceptible to measurement error and biases compared with biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to determine whether erythrocyte phospholipid membrane PUFA percentages are associated with colorectal adenoma risk. We included data from 904 adenoma cases and 835 polyp-free controls who participated in the Tennessee Colorectal Polyp Study, a large colonoscopy-based case–control study. Erythrocyte membrane PUFA percentages were measured using GC. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted OR for risk of colorectal adenomas with erythrocyte membrane PUFA. Higher erythrocyte membrane percentages of arachidonic acid was associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenomas (adjusted OR 1·66; 95 % CI 1·05, 2·62, Ptrend=0·02) comparing the highest tertile to the lowest tertile. The effect size for arachidonic acid was more pronounced when restricting the analysis to advanced adenomas only. Higher erythrocyte membrane EPA percentages were associated with a trend towards a reduced risk of advanced colorectal adenomas (Ptrend=0·05). Erythrocyte membrane arachidonic acid percentages are associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenomas.

scholarly journals Calcium/magnesium intake ratio, but not magnesium intake, interacts with genetic polymorphism in relation to colorectal neoplasia in a two-phase study

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1449-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangzhu Zhu ◽  
Martha J. Shrubsole ◽  
Reid M. Ness ◽  
Elizabeth A. Hibler ◽  
Qiuyin Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Intake Ratio

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Analysis of the In Vivo Motion of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Leads

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamas Szili-Torok ◽  
Jens Rump ◽  
Torsten Luther ◽  
Sing-Chien Yap
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Maximum Curvature ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Absolute Curvature ◽  
Icd Leads ◽  
Lead Testing ◽  
Design And Testing

Abstract Better understanding of the lead curvature, movement and their spatial distribution may be beneficial in developing lead testing methods, guiding implantations and improving life expectancy of implanted leads. Objective The aim of this two-phase study was to develop and test a novel biplane cine-fluoroscopy-based method to evaluate input parameters for bending stress in leads based on their in vivo 3D motion using precisely determined spatial distributions of lead curvatures. Potential tensile, compressive or torque forces were not subjects of this study. Methods A method to measure lead curvature and curvature evolution was initially tested in a phantom study. In the second phase using this model 51 patients with implanted ICD leads were included. A biplane cine-fluoroscopy recording of the intracardiac region of the lead was performed. The lead centerline and its motion were reconstructed in 3D and used to define lead curvature and curvature changes. The maximum absolute curvature Cmax during a cardiac cycle, the maximum curvature amplitude Camp and the maximum curvature Cmax@amp at the location of Camp were calculated. These parameters can be used to characterize fatigue stress in a lead under cyclical bending. Results The medians of Camp and Cmax@amp were 0.18 cm−1 and 0.42 cm−1, respectively. The median location of Cmax was in the atrium whereas the median location of Camp occurred close to where the transit through the tricuspid valve can be assumed. Increased curvatures were found for higher slack grades. Conclusion Our results suggest that reconstruction of 3D ICD lead motion is feasible using biplane cine-fluoroscopy. Lead curvatures can be computed with high accuracy and the results can be implemented to improve lead design and testing.

Multicenter Transversal Two-Phase Study to Determine a National Prevalence of Epilepsy in Algeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Moualek ◽  
Lamia Ali Pacha ◽  
Samira Abrouk ◽  
Mohamed Islam Kediha ◽  
Sonia Nouioua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
National Prevalence

Endometrial Adenocarcinoma in SurePath™ Cervical Samples: Cytological Features Revisited

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalini Gupta ◽  
John Crossley ◽  
Nick Dudding ◽  
John H.F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Nuclear Chromatin ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology

Objective: The cytomorphological criteria of malignant endometrial lesions in cervical samples are less well described than those of cervical lesions. We wished to investigate if there were features in SurePath™ liquid-based cytology samples that would facilitate more accurate differentiation between benign and malignant endometrial cells. Study Design: This was a two-phase study, with a review of all SurePath™ samples reported as endometrial adenocarcinoma (n = 42) evaluating 12 cytological features in the first phase. In phase 2 (test set), all initial cases plus an additional 83 cases were reviewed using these 12 cytological features to predict the outcome. Results: Out of 12 cytological features evaluated in phase 1 (training set), nuclear chromatin pattern, apoptotic bodies and tingible body macrophages were found to be the most significant features determining malignant histological outcome. These 12 cytological features were re-evaluated in phase 2 (n = 125). Of 125 cases, 54 had a benign and 71 had a malignant or premalignant histological outcome, with a positive predictive value of 56.8%. Conclusion: Granular nuclear chromatin, tingible body macrophages and apoptosis in the background are the most significant factors in determining whether endometrial cells present in cervical samples represent malignancy or are benign. Using these features, relatively accurate predictions of endometrial pathology can be made.

Communication Processes about Predictive Genetic Testing within High-Risk Breast Cancer Families: A Two-Phase Study Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Lena Blomen ◽  
Aliaksandra Pott ◽  
Alexander E. Volk ◽  
Lars Budäus ◽  
Isabell Witzel
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Group Interviews

Abstract Background: The detection of a pathogenic variant in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene has medical and psychological consequences for both, affected mutation carriers and their relatives. This study analyzed the psychological impact of genetic testing and mutation-positive test result as well as associated family communication processes from the perspective of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers and their family members.Methods: We conducted a two-phase study with explanatory sequential mixed methods design to understand the perspective of psychological process regarding genetic testing more efficiently. First, we analyzed a survey data of 79 carriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Second, we conducted focus group interviews of 10 family members to deepen understanding of communication processes in high-risk families.Results: The average age of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers was 48 years, 58% had a history of cancer. The majority (64.6%) had general psychological distress independent of cancer diagnosis in the patients’ history. The point prevalence of depression was 16.9%. The main motives for undergoing genetic testing were desire for safety, prevention and risk assessment for the own children. The mutation carriers were satisfied with the decision to undergo genetic testing. Contrary to their subjective perception, the respondents' knowledge about those mutations was moderate. The familial communication was merely partially successful. In contrast to the high rate of disclosure to at-risk relatives (100%), the reported uptake of genetic testing among informed at-risk relatives was low (45.6%). In-depth focus group interviews with 10 family members revealed significant barriers to accessing genetic counseling including anxiety, uncertainty about the benefits of testing and the own cancer risk, particulary among males.Conclusion: The detection of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation has psychological impact not only on mutation carriers but also on their family members. An adequate knowledge of the genetic background is required to reduce the level of psychological distress and to support the familial communication process. Therefore, the quality of information sources for affected individuals and relatives and also the awareness of health care professionals have to be improved.

Depression in Patients with Schizophrenia in a Psychiatry Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinjola O ◽  
◽  
Lawal RA ◽  
Ojo AM ◽  
Adeosun II ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Good Treatment Outcome ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Schizophrenia is a devastating and highly disabling disorder associated with long-term consequences. Treatment is often made difficult by the presence of comorbidities like depression which when considered in management ensures good outcome. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression in schizophrenia. It is a two-phase study involving 320 outpatients recruited by consecutive sampling. The first phase entails confirming diagnosis with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), psychotic disorder module, assessing socio-demographic characteristic and screening for depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) by a trained assistant. In the second phase, the researcher then assesses for depressive disorder using MINI, depressive disorder module among subjects who screened positive with BDI together with 10% of those who screened negative. Over four-fifth (83.4%) of the participants were less than 50 years, they were mostly females (57.2%), of Yoruba ethnic group (59.7%), Christians (75.6%), and earn below ₦18,000 monthly or nothing (72.2%). Also, a large proportion (86.2%) had good social support. Over a third of the participants were married (38.1%) with about four-fifth of these living with their spouses. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and depressive disorder were 49.7% and 38.4% respectively. Logistic regression revealed that poor social support predicts depressive in Schizophrenia. In conclusion, Depression is common in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, thorough evaluation of schizophrenic patients is necessary so that, co-morbid depression when present can be detected and considered in management to ensure good treatment outcome.

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