Evaluation of Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) and Conventional Pap’s Smear Test as Methods of Cervical Cancer Screening

Background: Cervical cancer screening can actually prevent most cervical cancers and also facilitates early detection which allows fruitful treatment.Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Liquid-based cytology (LBC) with conventional Pap smear test.Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted between March 2015 and June 2017. A total of 72 women participated in this study attending the Out-Patient Department (OPD) of Gynaecology (Colposcopy Clinic) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, for VIA test. The smears prepared by the conventional Pap smear method and Liquid-based cytology method were observed by two independent observers in Department of Pathology of the same institution.Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.22±12.29 years. Considering histopathology as gold standard, in conventional Pap smear preparation our data suggested its sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 92.2%, accuracy 91.7%, positive predictive value 58.3% and negative predictive value 98.3%. In contrast, in Liquid-based cytology, we found its sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 90.6%, accuracy 88.9%, positive predictive value 50.0% and negative predictive value 96.7%.Conclusion: LBC has practical advantages over conventional preparation by producing monolayer of cells, smaller area to screen, reproducibility and availability of doing adjunct molecular techniques from residual sample. However, conventional preparation shows better sensitivity and positive predictive value and almost similar specificity, negative predictive value and accuracy with LBC.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 36-40

Implementation of Videos Captured by Static Telecytological Applications for Obtaining Expert Opinions

Published studies compare static and dynamic telecytology systems. Still, no study has focused on implementing short videos captured by static telecytology stations for telemedical applications. The chapter aims to evaluate the diagnostic reproducibility of telecytology in thyroid fine-needle aspiration specimens prepared using liquid-based cytology among four cytopathologists using representative short duration videos captured by a static telecytology station. It also examines the agreement between the contributor's and the reviewer's diagnoses.

Comparison of Morphological Similarities and Differences between Liquid-Based Cytology and Conventional Techniques of Serous Effusion Cytology Specimens

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this study is to discover a fast and efficient method for the diagnosis of serous effusion cytology specimens by comparing the cytomorphological features of SurePath (SP) smears and smears prepared by cytospin. After the macroscopic features of the incoming material were recorded, it was divided into 2 for conventional technique (CT) and liquid-based technique. Cytospin was used for CT and SurePath for liquid-based technique in this study. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> 243 serous effusions (33 thoracentesis and 92 paracentesis fluids, 118 peritoneal lavage fluids) were investigated. After shaking the effusion gently, it was centrifuged for 5 min at 1,250 rpm for cytospin smear. SP smear was prepared according to the “BD PrepStain slide processor”. Two smears were prepared with these 2 methods and then stained with Papanicolaou. The smears were examined under a light microscope in terms of fixation, background, cellularity, nucleus, and structural features. All statistical analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS 17.0 software. For each microscopic feature, the χ² test was used to assess the significance of the relationship between cytospin and SP, and level of agreement in between the methods was assessed using the kappa statistic. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 methods in background (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), cellularity (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), nucleus features (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), and structural features (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). There was no significant difference in fixation. Low level of agreement was observed with the kappa statistic in fixation, background, and cellularity. Moderate level of agreement was observed in the nucleus and structural feature groups with the kappa statistic. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Although there are advantages of liquid-based technique such as standardized fixation and cleaner background, since the cellular and background components required for morphological analysis and diagnosis are better preserved in cytospin, it is considered to be better to use liquid-based technique not alone but together with CT.

How Liquid Based Cytology Surpasses Conventional Cytology - A Review Article

Pap smear is the most widely used test for screening of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Liquid-based cytology is a cervical cancer screening technology that inspects cells by dissolving them in liquid and is used as a main screening tool for invasive cervical cancer. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how fluid-based cytology has surpassed conventional cytology in the interpretation of cervical smear biopsy results in order to identify early cervical lesions in a more efficient and convenient manner, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer patients and thus improving patient wellbeing.