The Use of Fluorescent Nuclear Dyes for the Study of Blood Vessel Structure and Function: Novel Applications of Existing Techniques

The limb-specific effects of aging upon vessel structure and function are not well understood. Consequently, in 12 young (26 ± 2 yr) and 12 old (72 ± 1 yr) healthy subjects, we utilized ultrasound Doppler to evaluate intima-media thickness (IMT), ischemic reperfusion, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) following (5 min) suprasystolic cuff occlusion in both the arm [brachial artery (BA)] and the leg [popliteal artery (PA)]. Structural measurements, whether normalized for vessel size or not, revealed a greater IMT in both the BA and PA with age (young: BA 0.028 ± 0.001 and PA 0.046 ± 0.003 cm, old: BA 0.039 ± 0.002 and PA 0.073 ± 0.005 cm; P < 0.05). Ischemic reperfusion revealed a similar pattern as IMT in terms of limb and age-related differences. There was an age-related attenuation in both BA FMD (old: 38% smaller BA FMD compared with young) and PA FMD (old: 71% smaller PA FMD compared with young). However, when this percent change was normalized for shear rate, only the PA FMD of the old group was still significantly attenuated (old: 41% smaller PA FMD/shear rate compared with young). Together, the finding of differential structural and functional parameters in the arms and legs of healthy young people, and the somewhat negative findings that are specific to the legs of otherwise healthy older people (greater IMT and attenuated FMD), support and may help to better understand the increased propensity to develop a vascular pathology in the legs with age.

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From genes to protein structure and function: novel applications of computational approaches in the genomic era

Trends in Biotechnology ◽

10.1016/s0167-7799(99)01398-0 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Jeffrey Skolnick ◽

Jacquelyn S. Fetrow

Keyword(s):

Protein Structure ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Protein Structure And Function ◽

Computational Approaches ◽

And Function ◽

Novel Applications

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Blood vessel changes in hypertension: structure and function. Vols I and II.

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb124490.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 152 (2) ◽

pp. 104-104

Author(s):

G. Jennings

Keyword(s):

Blood Vessel ◽

Structure And Function ◽

And Function

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Endothelial NO synthase and reactive oxygen species mediated effect of simvastatin on vessel structure and function: Pleiotropic and dose-dependent effect on tumor vascular stabilization

International Journal of Oncology ◽

10.3892/ijo.2013.1833 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 1325-1336 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

YESHAN CHEN ◽

SHENG ZHANG ◽

GANG PENG ◽

JING YU ◽

TAO LIU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Structure And Function ◽

No Synthase ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Dependent Effect ◽

Vessel Structure ◽

And Function ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Dose Dependent Effect

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Current Trends in Forest Ecological Applications of Three-Dimensional Remote Sensing: Transition from Experimental to Operational Solutions?

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10100891 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 891

Author(s):

Hooman Latifi ◽

Ruben Valbuena

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Forest Ecology ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Small Scale ◽

Sensing Data ◽

Composition Structure ◽

And Function ◽

Novel Applications

The alarming increase in the magnitude and spatiotemporal patterns of changes in composition, structure and function of forest ecosystems during recent years calls for enhanced cross-border mitigation and adaption measures, which strongly entail intensified research to understand the underlying processes in the ecosystems as well as their dynamics. Remote sensing data and methods are nowadays the main complementary sources of synoptic, up-to-date and objective information to support field observations in forest ecology. In particular, analysis of three-dimensional (3D) remote sensing data is regarded as an appropriate complement, since they are hypothesized to resemble the 3D character of most forest attributes. Following their use in various small-scale forest structural analyses over the past two decades, these sources of data are now on their way to be integrated in novel applications in fields like citizen science, environmental impact assessment, forest fire analysis, and biodiversity assessment in remote areas. These and a number of other novel applications provide valuable material for the Forests special issue “3D Remote Sensing Applications in Forest Ecology: Composition, Structure and Function”, which shows the promising future of these technologies and improves our understanding of the potentials and challenges of 3D remote sensing in practical forest ecology worldwide.

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