Increased Plaque Calcium and Phosphorus Concentrations after Using a Calcium Carbonate Toothpaste Containing Calcium Glycerophosphate and Sodium Monofluorophosphate

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Duke ◽  
D.A. Rees ◽  
G.C. Forward
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Glycerophosphate

Calcium and phosphorus balances with laying birds

1942 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Tyler ◽  
James Stuart Willcox
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
General Aspects

1. A series of balance experiments to compare calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate and calcium gluconate as sources of calcium for laying hens is described.2. Not one of the three supplements showed all-round superiority, but calcium sulphate was the worst.3. The main results indicate that:(a) Calcium sulphate and gluconate cause scouring but carbonate does not.(b) The best retention of calcium occurs with gluconate and the worst with sulphate.(c) Calcium carbonate gives the best shells and calcium sulphate the worst.4. The experiments also throw fresh light on some more general aspects of calcium and phosphorus metabolism.5. On the basis of these general results and a review of the literature of blood calcium and phosphorus in laying hens a theory dealing with certain aspects of egg-shell formation is presented.

scholarly journals Plasma calcium and phosphorus control in regular hemodialysis patients by using oral calcium carbonate

1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
Jeongsoo Shin ◽  
Takashi Miyamoto ◽  
Yoshikazu Fujita ◽  
Seishi Inoue ◽  
Hidetaro Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Oral Calcium ◽  
Phosphorus Control ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

Observations on the mineral metabolism of pullets. IV

1940 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Common
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Percentage Recovery ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Organic Combination

1. Phytic acid in cereals and in certain rations based on cereals was incompletely hydrolysed during its passage through the intestinal tract of the pullet.2. The percentage recovery in the droppings of phytic acid in a ration (24·2%) based on cereals plus extracted soya bean meal was considerable even when the ration included no calcium supplements. Both calcium carbonate and tricalcic phosphate greatly increased the percentage recovery. A supplement of calcium carbonate led to a somewhat higher recovery of phytic acid than a supplement of tricalcic phosphate containing the same amount of calcium.3. The recovery of phytic acid tended to be somewhat higher in laying birds than in non-laying birds; this may have been associated with decreased amounts of calcium in the alimentary tract due to the demands for egg-shell formation.4. The observations of Knowles et al. on the composition of the droppings of non-laying pullets on certain rations were confirmed; it was found, however, that their rule connecting the amounts of carbonate, calcium and phosphorus in such droppings did not extend (a) to the case of laying pullets, or (b) to certain other rations of wider Ca/P ratio.5. The interpretation of the rule enunciated by Knowles et al. to mean that calcium and phosphorus are normally excreted by the pullet as dicalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate was shown to be untenable in view of the fact that the droppings may obey this rule and yet contain considerable amounts of phosphorus in organic combination.

A TEM study of the microstructure of avian eggshells

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1102-1103
Author(s):  
S. Q. Xiao ◽  
S. Baden ◽  
A. H. Heuer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Polycrystalline Metals ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nucleation And Growth Mechanisms

The avian eggshell is one of the most rapidly mineralizing biological systems known. In situ, 5g of calcium carbonate are crystallized in less than 20 hrs to fabricate the shell. Although there have been much work about the formation of eggshells, controversy about the nucleation and growth mechanisms of the calcite crystals, and their texture in the eggshell, still remain unclear. In this report the microstructure and microchemistry of avian eggshells have been analyzed using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).Fresh white and dry brown eggshells were broken and fixed in Karnosky's fixative (kaltitanden) for 2 hrs, then rinsed in distilled H2O. Small speckles of the eggshells were embedded in Spurr medium and thin sections were made ultramicrotome.The crystalline part of eggshells are composed of many small plate-like calcite grains, whose plate normals are approximately parallel to the shell surface. The sizes of the grains are about 0.3×0.3×1 μm3 (Fig.l). These grains are not as closely packed as man-made polycrystalline metals and ceramics, and small gaps between adjacent grains are visible indicating the absence of conventional grain boundaries.

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