scholarly journals Body Composition and Leptin/Ghrelin Levels during Lenvatinib for Thyroid Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone De Leo ◽  
Carla Colombo ◽  
Marta Di Stefano ◽  
Antonella Dubini ◽  
Silvia Cozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Total Body

Weight loss is one of the most frequent adverse events during treatment with multikinase inhibitors, but scanty data are available on its extent and characteristics. This is the first assessment of the body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis and of circulating leptin and ghrelin levels, in patients with advanced thyroid cancer before and at regular intervals during treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib. Body mass index (BMI) decreased in all patients, with an average ∆ reduction of –6.4, –9.8, and –15.3% at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment, respectively. Interestingly, in most patients, after the first year of treatment, BMI remained stable. In all patients, fat mass (FM) reduced more than fat-free mass, the highest decrement being of –60 and –16%, respectively. A decrease in the body cell mass, a parameter mainly due to muscle tissue, was observed only in patients with a vast baseline muscular mass. Total body water decreased in parallel to BMI. During treatment, leptin tightly paralleled the decrease of BMI values, consistent with the decrease in FM, whereas ghrelin levels increased upon BMI decrease. The loss of the FM accounts for the largest portion of BMI reduction during lenvatinib treatment. The increase in ghrelin could account for the BMI stabilization observed after 1 year of treatment. Nevertheless, oral nutritional supplements should be given as early as possible and athletic patients should be encouraged to maintain physical activity. In some circumstances, parenteral nutrition is required for the rehabilitation of these patients.

scholarly journals Body Composition and Bioelectrical-Impedance-Analysis-Derived Raw Variables in Pole Dancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12638
Author(s):  
Giada Ballarin ◽  
Luca Scalfi ◽  
Fabiana Monfrecola ◽  
Paola Alicante ◽  
Alessandro Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fat Percentage

Few data are available on the body composition of pole dancers. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method that is used to estimate fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), while raw BIA variables, such as the impedance ratio (IR) and phase angle (PhA), are markers of body cell mass and the ratio between extracellular and total body water. The aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition of pole dancers compared to controls, in particular, those raw BIA variables that are considered as markers of muscle composition. Forty female pole dancers and 59 controls participated in the study. BIA was performed on the whole body and upper and lower limbs, separately, at 5, 50, 100 and 250 kHz. The FFM, FFM index, FM and body fat percentage (BF%) were predicted. The bioelectrical impedance indexes IR and PhA were also considered. Pole dancers exhibited higher FFMI and BI indexes and lower BF%. PhA was greater and IRs were smaller in pole dancers than in controls for the whole body and upper limbs. Considering the training level, FFM, whole-body IR and PhA were higher in the professionals than non-professionals. Raw BIA variables significantly differed between the pole dancers and controls, suggesting a higher BCM; furthermore, practicing pole dancing was associated with a greater FFM and lower FM.

Body Composition Over the Menstrual and Oral Contraceptive Cycle in Trained Females

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Beatriz Rael ◽  
Nuria Romero-Parra ◽  
Víctor M. Alfaro-Magallanes ◽  
Laura Barba-Moreno ◽  
Rocío Cupeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
Early Follicular Phase ◽  
Total Body

Purpose: The influence of female sex hormones on body fluid regulation and metabolism homeostasis has been widely studied. However, it remains unclear whether hormone fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle (MC) and with oral contraceptive (OC) use affect body composition (BC). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate BC over the MC and OC cycle in well-trained females. Methods: A total of 52 eumenorrheic and 33 monophasic OC-taking well-trained females participated in this study. Several BC variables were measured through bioelectrical impedance analysis 3 times in the eumenorrheic group (early follicular phase, late follicular phase, and midluteal phase) and on 2 occasions in the OC group (withdrawal phase and active pill phase). Results: Mixed linear model tests reported no significant differences in the BC variables (body weight, body mass index, basal metabolism, fat mass, fat-free mass, and total body water) between the MC phases or between the OC phases (P > .05 for all comparisons). Trivial and small effect sizes were found for all BC variables when comparing the MC phases in eumenorrheic females, as well as for the OC cycle phases. Conclusions: According to the results, sex hormone fluctuations throughout the menstrual and OC cycle do not influence BC variables measured by bioelectrical impedance in well-trained females. Therefore, it seems that bioimpedance analysis can be conducted at any moment of the cycle, both for eumenorrheic women and women using OC.

scholarly journals Bioelectrical impedance analysis for the estimation of body composition in rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rutter ◽  
L. Hennoste ◽  
L. C. Ward ◽  
B. H. Cornish ◽  
B. J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Standard Laboratory Diet ◽  
Assess Body Composition

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to assess body composition in rats fed on either standard laboratory diet or on a high-fat diet designed to induce obesity. Bioelectrical impedance analysis predictions of total body water and thus fat-free mass (FFM) for the group mean values were generally within 5% of the measured values by tritiated water (3H2O) dilution. The limits of agreement for the procedure were, however, large, approximately ±25%, limiting the applicability of the technique for measurement of body composition in individual animals.

scholarly journals Effect of 12-Week Swimming Training on Body Composition in Young Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Charmas ◽  
Wilhelm Gromisz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Total Body

Background: Systematic physical activity can permanently prevent disadvantageous developments in the human body. This is very important especially for women, for whom the maintenance of a lean body in good shape is sometimes a primary consideration. However, in most cases, this activity is taken randomly and does not produce the desired effects such as reducing body fat. The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in female body composition induced by 12 weeks of swimming training compared to sedentary controls. Methods: Training sessions occurred three times per week (60 min/session). Height, body mass, and waist/hip circumference and waist/hips ratio (WHR) were measured. Body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW), fat mass (FM), lean mass (FFM), and muscle mass (MM) were measured using bioelectrical impedance (pre/post). Results: Training elicited decreases in hip circumference and increase in WHR. No changes were recorded in BCM, TBW, ECW, ICW, FM, FFM, and MM. Controls experienced decreases in values of BCM, ICW, and MM and increases in ECW. Conclusion: The applied swimming training did not significantly affect the body composition parameters. Inactivity also triggered a tendency toward unhealthy movement of water from the intracellular to extracellular space.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Body Composition Measurements Between Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (InBody 570) and Air Displacement Plethysmography (BOD POD®)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1689-1689
Author(s):  
Rawiwan Sirirat ◽  
Celine Heskey ◽  
Christine Wilson ◽  
Edward Bitok ◽  
Julie Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Bod Pod ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives The accurate measurement of body composition is important in both research and clinical practice. The aim of this study was to compare the InBody relative to the BOD POD®. The latter is widely recognized as one of the most accurate methods to measure human body composition. Methods In the context of a clinical trial of 35 free-living non-athletic individuals [80% F, ages 40–69 years, BMI 25–34 kg/m2], we compared body composition measurements utilizing Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP). ADP was conducted in a BOD POD® (Cosmed USA Inc., Concord, CA, USA) and BIA measured using InBody 570 (In Body, Cerritos, CA, USA). Body measurements included total body weight, fat mass and fat-free mass which were obtained in kilograms following manufacturer instructions. Spearman's rank (rs) and Pearson correlations (r) were used to evaluate the agreement between the two instruments. Results The BOD POD® and InBody measurements were strongly correlated. Correlation was strongest for total body weight (rs (35) = .99, P < .0001), followed by fat mass (r (35) = .93, P < .0001). The lowest correlation was observed for fat-free mass (rs (35) = .79, P < .0001). Conclusions The InBody 570 is reliable and compares favorably to the BOD POD®. Hence, it can be used in clinical settings and epidemiological studies as a practical and relatively inexpensive alternative to the BodPod and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Funding Sources Nutrition Research Center, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.

Anthropometric and bioimpedance equations for fat and fat-free mass in Chilean children 7–9 years of age

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Gabriela Salazar ◽  
Barbara Leyton ◽  
Carolina Aguirre ◽  
Alyerina Anziani ◽  
Gerardo Weisstaub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Total Body ◽  
3C Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Assessing children’s growth adequately is important due to the necessary prevention of adequate body composition, especially at pre-pubertal age. Simpler measurements such as anthropometry or bioimpedance, using equations validated in Caucasian children, have been demonstrated to overestimate or underestimate fat mass percentage (FM%) or fat-free mass (FFM) in Chilean children. In a sample of 424 children (198 boys and 226 girls) of 7–9 years old, the three component (3C) model was assessed, where total body water was determined by 2H dilution and body volume by air displacement plethysmography, in order to design and validate anthropometry and bioimpedance equations. The FM (%) equation specific for Chilean children was validated as (1·743 × BMI z-score) + (0·727 × triceps skinfold) + (0·385 × biceps skinfold) + 15·985, against the 3C model (R2 0·79). The new FFM equation (kg) generated was (log FFM = (0·018 × age) + (0·047 × sex) + (0·006 × weight) + (0·027 × resistance) + 2·071), with an R2 0·93 (female = 1 and male = 2). The Bland–Altman analysis shows a mean difference of 0·27 (sd 3·5) for the FM% in the whole group as well as 0·004 (sd 0·9) kg is the mean difference for the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) FFM (kg) equation. The new equations for FM (%) and FFM (kg) in Chilean children will provide a simple and valid tool for the assessment of body composition in cohort studies or to assess the impact of nutritional programmes or public policies.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Body Composition Changes after Preseason Training in Elite Handball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3880
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Cichy ◽  
Andrzej Dudkowski ◽  
Marek Kociuba ◽  
Zofia Ignasiak ◽  
Anna Sebastjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Training Protocol

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the estimated body composition of elite female and male Polish handball players during a five-week preseason training camp. Height and weight were measured, while body composition was estimated with bioelectrical impedance in 18 male and 17 female handball players before and after the five-week training protocol. Components of body composition included total body water (TBW), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), and absolute and relative fat mass (FM). Weight and body mass index (BMI) did not change in males, but declined in females after five weeks of training. FM and %FM declined, while estimated TBW, FFM, and MM increased significantly after training in both males and females. In contrast, comparisons of log transformed ratios for changes in weight, the BMI and body composition in males and females, respectively, suggested that estimated TBW, FFM, and MM increased relatively more in females than in males, while FM and %FM decline relatively more in males than females. Overall, the five-week preseason training program modified the body composition of male and female handball players. FM and %FM decreased, while estimated TBW, FFM, and MM increased, in both males and females after the preseason training program. Comparisons of log transformed ratios for changes in body composition in males and females suggested sexual dimorphism in response to intensive preseason training.

scholarly journals Segmental Phase Angle and Body Composition Fluctuation of Elite Ski Jumpers between Summer and Winter FIS Competitions

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4741
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Ostachowska-Gąsior ◽  
Monika Piwowar ◽  
Joanna Zając
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Composition Fluctuation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dependent Samples

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to observe segmental phase angle (PhA) and body composition fluctuation of elite ski jumpers. (2) Methods: In the study, 12 professional ski jumpers took part. Body composition was estimated with segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Repeated ANOVA was used to check the parameters’ variability in time. The symmetry between the right and left side of the body was verified with the t-test for dependent samples. Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient was calculated. (3) Results: The most stable parameter was body weight. An increase in the visceral fat area was noted, the fat-free mass dropped, and significant changes were noted in the internal and external cell water parameters. Parameters connected with water between the right and left side of the body were symmetrical. Significant correlation between PhA values and body parameters with regard to fat tissue and PhA values of the legs was noticed when PhA was measured at 50 kHz. (4) Conclusions: PhA could be considered as a ski jumper body symmetry monitoring tool. The described relationship may be useful for the assessment of body fat change, which, in the case of jumpers, is crucial. Moreover, our data suggest that segmental PhA evaluation could be a good solution for ski jumpers as a confirmation if lowered body mass and low BMI are still healthy and increase the chance for longer jumps and good performance.

scholarly journals Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis—An Easy Tool for Quantifying Body Composition in Infancy?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 920
Author(s):  
Jaz Lyons-Reid ◽  
Leigh C. Ward ◽  
Timothy Kenealy ◽  
Wayne Cutfield
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Assess Body Composition

There has been increasing interest in understanding body composition in early life and factors that may influence its evolution. While several technologies exist to measure body composition in infancy, the equipment is typically large, and thus not readily portable, is expensive, and requires a qualified operator. Bioelectrical impedance analysis shows promise as an inexpensive, portable, and easy to use tool. Despite the technique being widely used to assess body composition for over 35 years, it has been seldom used in infancy. This may be related to the evolving nature of the fat-free mass compartment during this period. Nonetheless, a number of factors have been identified that may influence bioelectrical impedance measurements, which, when controlled for, may result in more accurate measurements. Despite this, questions remain in infants regarding the optimal size and placement of electrodes, the standardization of normal hydration, and the influence of body position on the distribution of water throughout the body. The technology requires further evaluation before being considered as a suitable tool to assess body composition in infancy.

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