Homogeneously Staining Regions (HSR) in Chromosome 1 of the House Mouse: Synapsis and Recombination at Meiosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nikita Y. Torgunakov ◽  
Elena A. Kizilova ◽  
Tatyana V. Karamysheva ◽  
Lyubov P. Malinovskaya ◽  
Tatiana I. Bikchurina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
House Mouse ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Recombination Nodules ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Mus Musculus Musculus ◽  
Mlh1 Foci

Amplified sequences constitute a large part of mammalian genomes. A chromosome 1 containing 2 large (up to 50 Mb) homogeneously staining regions (HSRs) separated by a small inverted euchromatic region is present in many natural populations of the house mouse (Mus musculus musculus). The HSRs are composed of a long-range repeat cluster, Sp100-rs, with a repeat length of 100 kb. In order to understand the organization and function of HSRs in meiotic chromosomes, we examined synapsis and recombination in male mice hetero- and homozygous for the HSR-carrying chromosome using FISH with an HSR-specific DNA probe and immunolocalization of the key meiotic proteins. In all homozygous and heterozygous pachytene nuclei, we observed fully synapsed linear homomorphic bivalents 1 marked by the HSR FISH probe. The synaptic adjustment in the heterozygotes was bilateral: the HSR-carrying homolog was shortened and the wild-type homolog was elongated. The adjustment was reversible: desynapsis at diplotene was accompanied by elongation of the HSRs. Immunolocalization of H3K9me2/3 indicated that the HSRs in the meiotic chromosome retained the epigenetic modification typical for C-heterochromatin in somatic cells. MLH1 foci, marking mature recombination nodules, were detected in the proximal HSR band in heterozygotes and in both HSR bands of homozygotes. Unequal crossing over within the long-range repeat cluster can cause variation in size of the HSRs, which has been detected in the natural populations of the house mouse.

scholarly journals Zoogeography of the Chromosome 1 HSR in Natural Populations of the House Mouse (Mus Musculus)

Hereditas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergel Agulnik ◽  
Sabine Adolph ◽  
Heinz Winking ◽  
Walther Traut
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Chromosome 1

A long-range repeat cluster in chromosome 1 of the house mouse, Mus musculus, and its relation to a germline homogeneously staining region

Genomics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Purmann ◽  
C. Plass ◽  
M. Grüneberg ◽  
H. Winking ◽  
W. Traut
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
House Mouse ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Chromosome 1

MEIOTIC CHROMOSOME BEHAVIOR OF AN INVERTED INSERTIONAL TRANSLOCATION IN NEUROSPORA

Genetics ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Edward G Barry
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Homologous Region ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Anaphase Bridges ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Group I ◽  
New Location

ABSTRACT Cytological study of meiotic chromosomes heterozygous for the T(I⇉II)39311 translocation confirm genetic evidence (Perkins 1972) that a section of linkage group I including the mating type locus has been inserted into linkage group II. Pachytene chromosomes when fully paired show that a segment from chromosome 1 has been inserted into chromosome 6. When pairing fails between the translocated segment in 6 and its homologous region in chromosome 1, buckles or loops are formed at pachynema in the deletion or insertion areas of the bivalents.—Acentric fragments and anaphase bridges occur at both meiotic divisions and in the subsequent two mitotic divisions in the ascus. These provide supporting evidence that the translocated segment is inverted with respect to centromere in its new location.—Unexpectedly the acentric fragment, formed by crossing over in the inverted translocated segment, persists without degradation in a micronucleus, and it replicates and divides in synchrony with the centric chromosomes in adjacent nuclei.

scholarly journals Molecular organization of mammalian meiotic chromosome axis revealed by expansion STORM microscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (37) ◽  
pp. 18423-18428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huizhong Xu ◽  
Zhisong Tong ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Tengqian Sun ◽  
Zhenmin Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy ◽  
Optical Reconstruction ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Chromosome Axis

During prophase I of meiosis, chromosomes become organized as loop arrays around the proteinaceous chromosome axis. As homologous chromosomes physically pair and recombine, the chromosome axis is integrated into the tripartite synaptonemal complex (SC) as this structure’s lateral elements (LEs). While the components of the mammalian chromosome axis/LE—including meiosis-specific cohesin complexes, the axial element proteins SYCP3 and SYCP2, and the HORMA domain proteins HORMAD1 and HORMAD2—are known, the molecular organization of these components within the axis is poorly understood. Here, using expansion microscopy coupled with 2-color stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging (ExSTORM), we address these issues in mouse spermatocytes at a resolution of 10 to 20 nm. Our data show that SYCP3 and the SYCP2 C terminus, which are known to form filaments in vitro, form a compact core around which cohesin complexes, HORMADs, and the N terminus of SYCP2 are arrayed. Overall, our study provides a detailed structural view of the meiotic chromosome axis, a key organizational and regulatory component of meiotic chromosomes.

scholarly journals Host subspecific viral strains in European house mice: Murine cytomegalovirus in the Eastern (Mus musculus musculus) and Western house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus)

Virology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Čížková ◽  
Stuart J.E. Baird ◽  
Jana Těšíková ◽  
Sebastian Voigt ◽  
Ďureje Ľudovít ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Murine Cytomegalovirus ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Mus Musculus Domesticus ◽  
Mus Musculus Musculus

The time course and chromosomal localization of recombination-related proteins at meiosis in the mouse are compatible with models that can resolve the early DNA-DNA interactions without reciprocal recombination

2002 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1611-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Moens ◽  
Nadine K. Kolas ◽  
Madalena Tarsounas ◽  
Edyta Marcon ◽  
Paula E. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Homology Search ◽  
Early Prophase ◽  
Dna Interactions ◽  
Recombination Nodules ◽  
Reciprocal Recombination ◽  
Recombination Protein ◽  
Mlh1 Foci ◽  
Related Proteins

During mouse meiosis, the early prophase RAD51/DMC1 recombination protein sites, which are associated with the chromosome cores and which serve as markers for ongoing DNA-DNA interactions, are in ten-fold excess of the eventual reciprocal recombinant events. Most, if not all, of these early interactions are eliminated as prophase progresses. The manner in which these sites are eliminated is the focus of this investigation. We report that these sites acquire replication protein A, RPA and the Escherichia coliMUTS homologue, MSH4p, and somewhat later the Bloom helicase, BLM, while simultaneously losing the RAD51/DMC1 component. Eventually the RPA component is also lost and BLM sites remain. At that time, the MUTL homologue, MLH1p,which is essential for reciprocal recombination in the mouse, appears in numbers and locations that correspond to the distribution of reciprocal recombination events. However, the MLH1 foci do not appear to coincide with the remaining BLM sites. The MLH1p is specifically localized to electron-microscope-defined recombination nodules. We consider the possibility that the homology-search RAD51/DMC1 complexes are involved in homologous chromosome synapsis but that most of these early DNA-DNA interactions are later resolved by the anti-recombination RPA/MSH4/BLM-topoisomerase complex,thereby preventing the formation of superfluous reciprocal recombinant events.

scholarly journals A molecular model for the role of SYCP3 in meiotic chromosome organisation

eLife ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Liinamaria Syrjänen ◽  
Luca Pellegrini ◽  
Owen Richard Davies
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Model ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Lateral Element ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Chromosome Organisation

The synaptonemal complex (SC) is an evolutionarily-conserved protein assembly that holds together homologous chromosomes during prophase of the first meiotic division. Whilst essential for meiosis and fertility, the molecular structure of the SC has proved resistant to elucidation. The SC protein SYCP3 has a crucial but poorly understood role in establishing the architecture of the meiotic chromosome. Here we show that human SYCP3 forms a highly-elongated helical tetramer of 20 nm length. N-terminal sequences extending from each end of the rod-like structure bind double-stranded DNA, enabling SYCP3 to link distant sites along the sister chromatid. We further find that SYCP3 self-assembles into regular filamentous structures that resemble the known morphology of the SC lateral element. Together, our data form the basis for a model in which SYCP3 binding and assembly on meiotic chromosomes leads to their organisation into compact structures compatible with recombination and crossover formation.

scholarly journals Localization of RAP1 and topoisomerase II in nuclei and meiotic chromosomes of yeast

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 935-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Klein ◽  
T Laroche ◽  
ME Cardenas ◽  
JF Hofmann ◽  
D Schweizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Nuclear Periphery ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Telomeric Sequences ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Punctate Staining

Topoisomerase II (topoII) and RAP1 (Repressor Activator Protein 1) are two abundant nuclear proteins with proposed structural roles in the higher-order organization of chromosomes. Both proteins co-fractionate as components of nuclear scaffolds from vegetatively growing yeast cells, and both proteins are present as components of pachytene chromosome, co-fractionating with an insoluble subfraction of meiotic nuclei. Immunolocalization using antibodies specific for topoII shows staining of an axial core of the yeast meiotic chromosome, extending the length of the synaptonemal complex. RAP1, on the other hand, is located at the ends of the paired bivalent chromosomes, consistent with its ability to bind telomeric sequences in vitro. In interphase nuclei, again in contrast to anti-topoII, anti-RAP1 gives a distinctly punctate staining that is located primarily at the nuclear periphery. Approximately 16 brightly staining foci can be identified in a diploid nucleus stained with anti-RAP1 antibodies, suggesting that telomeres are grouped together, perhaps through interaction with the nuclear envelope.

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