Middle-Ear Resonance Frequency and Eustachian Tube Function in Players of Wind Instruments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fulya Ozer ◽  
Cem Ozer ◽  
Seyra Erbek ◽  
Levent N. Ozluoglu
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Wind Instruments ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Wind Instrument ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tube Function

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The effect of the continuous forced expiration action of players of wind instruments to produce sound, on the eustachian tube functions and the middle-ear resonance frequency (RF), has not been investigated in the literature to date. The aim of this study is to evaluate eustachian tube functions and the middle-ear RF of players of wind instruments. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this prospective case-control clinical study, a study group of 28 players of wind instruments in the orchestra (28 participants, 56 ears) and a control group of 34 volunteers (34 participants, 68 ears) were included. The eustachian function of wind instrument players in a symphony orchestra was measured using an automatic eustachian tube function test in acoustic tympanometry and the RF of the middle ear was determined in multifrequency tympanometry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There was a statistically significant difference among the musicians, especially in players of woodwind instruments, in terms of dysfunction of the eustachian tubes (<i>p</i> = 0.048). In the musicians, the pre- and postperformance RF mean values for all ears were 925 and 1,020 Hz, respectively, and these were significantly different (<i>p</i> = 0.004). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This is the first study to uses multifrequency tympanometry to examine the middle-ear RF and eustachian tube function of wind instrument musicians in an orchestra. Eustachian tube dysfunction was found to be more prominent and a higher RF of the middle ear was seen after a performance, especially in players of wood wind instruments. However, the effect of these on the professional performance of players of wind instruments should be investigated in future work.

Tympanometric Measures of Eustachian Tube Function

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Riedel ◽  
Terry L. Wiley ◽  
Michael G. Block
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acoustic Admittance ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Pressure Peak ◽  
Negative Gradient

The purpose of this study was to develop instructions and procedures and to establish a normal data base for four tympanometric tests of Eustachian tube function: Valsalva, Toynbee, Inflation, and Deflation. Data were obtained for 24 young adults (48 ears) with normal hearing and normal middle-ear function. The tympanograms were analyzed for differences between baseline and experimental (postmaneuver) and baseline and posttest tracings for seven measures: tympanogram peak pressure, peak acoustic admittance, static acoustic admittance, negative gradient, positive gradient, and negative and positive acoustic-admittance values at ±400 daPa. The results indicated a statistically significant difference only in peak pressure for baseline and experimental tympanograms. Peak-pressure shifts were most pronounced for the Valsalva and Toynbee procedures. The small pressure shifts characteristic of the Inflation and Deflation procedures coupled with the potential for instrumental error severely limit the use of these procedures as means of obtaining reliable indices of tubal function.

Middle Ear Air Injection after Chronic Ear Surgery

1993 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Silverstein ◽  
Michael Gordon ◽  
Seth I. Rosenberg ◽  
Michael Seidman ◽  
Thomas O. Willcox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
The Status ◽  
Tube Function

In the early period after chronic ear surgery, the reasons for conductive hearing loss may be difficult to determine. Patients who cannot autoinflate the middle ear after 3 weeks, or who have a negative Rinne test result with the 512 Hz tuning fork, are treated with a transtympanic injection of 0.5 cc of air with a 27-gauge needle and tuberculin syringe. This represents 20% of patients who had chronic ear surgery. Results show that hearing may be immediately improved, the sensation of pressure in the ear may be reduced, and fluid may be cleared from the middle ear. Other benefits may include the release of adhesions. The surgeon is better able to assess the thickness of the graft, and the status of the ossicular chain reconstruction can be determined. There have been no complications of middle ear infection or failure of the micropuncture site to heal. In our practice, middle ear air injection is a routine procedure in patients with inadequate eustachian tube function after chronic ear surgery. This report describes the results of 100 patients over 14 years who received middle ear air injections after chronic ear surgery compared with a control group of 100 patients who did not meet the criteria for requiring air injection. Hearing was immediately improved in 74% of patients as determined by Rinne testing. Audiograms were performed in 25 of these patients, documenting a mean improvement in pure-tone average of 16 dB. The long-term hearing results in patients undergoing air injection, who by definition had evidence of poor eustachian tube function, are similar to the results in the control group. This may indicate a lasting benefit of air injection. (OTOLARYNGOL HEAD NECK SURG 1993;109:488-92.)

Nebulized surfactant as a treatment choice for otitis media with effusion: an experimental study in the rabbit

2001 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhsin Koten ◽  
Cem Uzun ◽  
Recep Yaǧiz ◽  
Mustafa Kemal Adali ◽  
Ahmet Rifat Karasalihoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Exogenous surfactant can improve eustachian tube function in experimentally induced otitis media with effusion (OME). Performing tympanometric recordings, the efficacy of inhaled nebulized surfactant, as compared with inhaled nebulized physiological saline was investigated, for the treatment of OME experimentally induced in the rabbit by intrabullar inoculation of heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae. In addition, the histological changes in middle ears after the treatment were investigated in order to establish whether the pathological findings correlated with the results.Middle-ear pressure values before, and after, treatment were analyzed by the Wilcoxon statistical method, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the post-treatment values between groups. In all ears with OME in the affected animals, which were treated with nebulized surfactant inhalation, a positively significant (p<0.05) increase of pressure more than 20 daPa was recorded. In the control group, after inhalation of nebulized physiological saline, there was no positive increase in the affected middle-ear pressures; on the contrary, more negative pressure changes were recorded. In the histological evaluation, middle-ear epithelia and sub-epithelial space were normal in surfactant-treated ears with OME, whereas mucosal thickening with an oedematous sub-epithelial space containing occasional inflammatory cells and increases in connective tissue and vascularity, and effusions on the epithelial surface were present in the ears with OME in the control group. The significant improvement in the negative middle-ear pressure after nebulized surfactant treatment and the histological findings shown in our study can support the theory that surface-active agents are of importance in eustachian tube function even under pathologic conditions, such as OME.

Comparison of Eustachian Tube Function in Children and Adults with Normal Ears

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Bylander
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pressure Chamber ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Jaw Movements ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Closing Pressure

The eustachian tube function was studied in 53 children and 55 adults, all otologically healthy, by means of tympanometry in a pressure chamber. The ability to equilibrate applied overpressures and underpressures in the middle ear by deglutition or jaw movements, ie, muscular opening function was significantly poorer in children than in adults, and also significantly poorer in younger children than in older ones. The pressure opening function of the tube was determined during reduction of the pressure in the chamber, ie, deflation test. The relative positive pressure persisting in the middle ear after the deflation test, ie, closing pressure, was also measured. No significant difference was found between children and adults. The ability to create a negative middle ear pressure by sniffing (positive sniffing test) was correlated with low closing pressures of the tube. Children with negative middle ear pressures had poor muscular opening function rather than positive sniffing tests. Judging from serial tympanometric measurements for up to two months, also performed in ten sniffing positive and ten sniffing negative children, it seems that the results obtained in the pressure chamber tests reflect a “mean tubal function.”

A Comparison of the Effects of Veau-Wardill-Kilner Palatoplasty and Furlow Double-Opposing Z-Plasty Operations on Eustachian Tube Function

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethem Güneren ◽  
Zafer Özsoy ◽  
Mithat Ulay ◽  
Erhan Eryilmaz ◽  
Haluk Özkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tube Function

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Veau-Wardill-Kilner (VWK) two-flap palatoplasty and Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty operations on eustachian tube (ET) opening in patients with cleft palate (CP). Design Twenty-six patients underwent CP repair between 1993 and 1997. VWK and Furlow operations were used in 13 patients each. All patients were examined by the otorhinolaryngologist before and after the operations; mean follow-up time was 27.3 months. Secretory otitis media (SOM), as identified by tympanograms, was the comparison criterion used. Results The prevalence of SOM was 69% (n = 18) in all CP patients pre-operatively. Among those with preoperative SOM, we did not find any statistically significant difference in the frequency of postoperative SOM between the two techniques. Conclusion This study suggests that there is no difference in postoperative ET function between patients undergoing either VWK or Furlow operations, in spite of the differences in muscle positioning in these operations. We discuss the implications of this finding in relation to surgical anatomy and histology of the soft palate muscles.

scholarly journals Does Septoplasty Affect Middle Ear Pressure and Eustachian Tube Function?

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ilhan Sahin ◽  
Safak Gulec ◽  
Umit Perisan ◽  
Ismail Kulahli
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure ◽  
Tube Function

Measuring dynamic Eustachian tube function using tympanometry in a pressure chamber: the effect of nasal betahistine application

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (7) ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
B K-H G Franz ◽  
R Patuzzi ◽  
C J Wraight ◽  
G Kay ◽  
A Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Pressure Chamber ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Hyperbaric Chamber ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure ◽  
Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Tube Function

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of topical betahistine on Eustachian tube function in subjectively abnormal subjects in a hyperbaric chamber.MethodActive and passive Eustachian tube function was examined using tympanometry in a pressure chamber.ResultsActive Eustachian tube function was tested against the negative middle ear pressure induced by increasing the chamber pressure to +3 kPa. One voluntary swallow decreased middle-ear pressure by a mean of 1.36 kPa. Passive Eustachian tube function was tested by measuring spontaneous Eustachian tube openings as the chamber pressure dropped from +10 kPa to ambient. Four distinct patterns of Eustachian tube behaviour were seen, three of which indicated Eustachian tube dysfunction. Betahistine had no positive effect on Eustachian tube opening, although previous animal studies had suggested a beneficial effect.ConclusionTopical betahistine had no effect on Eustachian tube function. Combining a hyperbaric chamber with tympanometry proved ideal for evaluating Eustachian tube function.

scholarly journals Eustachian Tube Function in Adults without Middle Ear Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Douglas Swarts ◽  
Cuneyt M. Alper ◽  
Ellen M. Mandel ◽  
Richard Villardo ◽  
William J. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Middle Ear Disease

Evacuation of the Middle Ear by Sniffing: A Cause of High Negative Pressure and Development of Middle Ear Disease

1984 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernt Falk ◽  
Bengt Magnuson
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Pressure Equalization ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Middle Ear Disease ◽  
Ear Effusion

Previous research on eustachian tube function has been devoted mainly to the study of the tubal opening ability and pressure equalization. This article summarizes a series of experimental studies focusing on the closing ability of the tube. Results support the belief that the purpose of the tube should be seen primarily as protecting the middle ear from the extensive pressure variations that physiologically take place in the nasopharynx. A number of studies of diseased ears have shown that tubal malfunction was characterized mainly by a reduced ability to withstand negative pressure in the nasopharynx. Sniffing can evacuate the middle ear, causing high negative intratympanic pressure. It seems likely that this mechanism is involved in the development of middle ear effusion and manifest retraction-type middle ear disease.

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