In Vitro and In Vivo Imaging of Ultra–High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Orbital Implants

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. e24-e29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Olszycki ◽  
Marcin Kozakiewicz ◽  
Marcin Elgalal ◽  
Agata Majos ◽  
Ludomir Stefanczyk
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Orbital Implants ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

In Vitro and in Vivo Antigen-Induced Release of High-Molecular Weight Neutrophil Chemotactic Activity from Human Nasal Tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nagakura ◽  
T. Onda ◽  
Y. likura ◽  
T. Endo ◽  
H. Nagakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Nasal Tissue ◽  
Nasal Secretions ◽  
Neutrophil Chemotactic Activity

High molecular weight neutrophil chemotactic activity has been identified in resected human nasal polyps, inferior turbinates, and nasal secretions following antigen challenge. The estimated molecular weight, by gel filtration chromatography, was approximately 600,000. However, a heterogeneity of molecular weight in some patients was recognized. Our results suggest a possible role for high molecular weight-neutrophil chemotactic activity in the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity in the human nasal cavity.

Nanometer size wear debris generated from ultra high molecular weight polyethylene in vivo

Wear ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 266 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Lapcikova ◽  
Miroslav Slouf ◽  
Jiri Dybal ◽  
Eva Zolotarevova ◽  
Gustav Entlicher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Nanometer Size ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Bioactivity of Coffee Silverskin Melanoidins

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Tores de la Cruz ◽  
Amaia Iriondo-DeHond ◽  
Teresa Herrera ◽  
Yolanda Lopez-Tofiño ◽  
Carlos Galvez-Robleño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
High Molecular Weight Fraction ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Coffee Silverskin

Melanoidins present in coffee silverskin, the only by-product of the roasting process, are formed via the Maillard reaction. The exact structure, biological properties, and mechanism of action of coffee silverskin melanoidins, remain unknown. This research work aimed to contribute to this novel knowledge. To achieve this goal, melanoidins were obtained from an aqueous extract of Arabica coffee silverskin (WO2013004873A1) and was isolated through ultrafiltration (>10 kDa). The isolation protocol was optimized and the chemical composition of the high molecular weight fraction (>10 kDa) was evaluated, by analyzing the content of protein, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and the total dietary fiber. In addition, the structural analysis was performed by infrared spectroscopy. Antioxidant properties were studied in vitro and the fiber effect was studied in vivo, in healthy male Wistar rats. Melanoidins were administered to animals in the drinking water at a dose of 1 g/kg. At the fourth week of treatment, gastrointestinal motility was evaluated through non-invasive radiographic means. In conclusion, the isolation process was effective in obtaining a high molecular weight fraction, composed mainly of dietary fiber, including melanoidins, with in vitro antioxidant capacity and in vivo dietary fiber effects.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis Dynamin-Like 2 That Binds Specifically to Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Assembles into a High-Molecular Weight Complex in Vivo and in Vitro

2001 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Woo Kim ◽  
Dae-Sup Park ◽  
Seung-Cheol Park ◽  
Sung Hee Kim ◽  
Gang-Won Cheong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight Complex ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 4

scholarly journals MEKK1 activates both IκB kinase α and IκB kinase β

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (16) ◽  
pp. 9319-9324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank S. Lee ◽  
Robert T. Peters ◽  
Luan C. Dang ◽  
Tom Maniatis
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Iκb Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Factor Α

A critical step in the signal-induced activation of the transcription factor NF-κB is the site-specific phosphorylation of its inhibitor, IκB, that targets the latter for degradation by the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. We have previously shown that mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1) can induce both this site-specific phosphorylation of IκBα at Ser-32 and Ser-36 in vivo and the activity of a high molecular weight IκB kinase complex in vitro. Subsequently, others have identified two proteins, IκB kinase α (IKK-α) and IκB kinase β (IKK-β), that are present in a tumor necrosis factor α-inducible, high molecular weight IκB kinase complex. These kinases are believed to directly phosphorylate IκB based on the examination of the kinase activities of IKK immunoprecipitates, but more rigorous proof of this has yet to be demonstrated. We show herein that recombinant IKK-α and IKK-β can, in fact, directly phosphorylate IκBα at Ser-32 and Ser-36, as well as homologous residues in IκBβ in vitro, and thus are bona fide IκB kinases. We also show that MEKK1 can induce the activation of both IKK-α and IKK-β in vivo. Finally, we show that IKK-α is present in the MEKK1-inducible, high molecular weight IκB kinase complex and treatment of this complex with MEKK1 induces phosphorylation of IKK-α in vitro. We conclude that IKK-α and IKK-β can mediate the NF-κB-inducing activity of MEKK1.

Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Wear Debris Generated in Vivo and in Laboratory Tests; the Influence of Counterface Roughness

1996 ◽  
Vol 210 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Hailey ◽  
E Ingham ◽  
M Stone ◽  
B M Wroblewski ◽  
J Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Polyethylene Wear ◽  
Uhmwpe Wear ◽  
Major Variable ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight ◽  
Counterface Roughness

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of counterface roughness and lubricant on the morphology of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear debris generated in laboratory wear tests, and to compare this with debris isolated from explanted tissue. Laboratory tests used UHMWPE pins sliding against stainless steel counterfaces. Both water and serum lubricants were used in conjunction with rough and smooth counterfaces. The lubricants and tissue from revision hip surgery were processed to digest the proteins and permit filtration. This involved denaturing the proteins with potassium hydroxide (KOH), sedimentation of any remaining proteins, and further digestion of these proteins with chromic acid. All fractions were then passed through a 0.2 μm membrane, and the debris examined using scanning electron microscopy. The laboratory studies showed that the major variable influencing debris morphology was counterface roughness. The rougher counter-faces produced larger numbers of smaller particles, with a size range extending below 1 μm. For smooth counterfaces there were fewer of these small particles, and evidence of larger platelets, greater than 10 μm in diameter. Analysis of the debris from explanted tissues showed a wide variation in the particle size distribution, ranging from below 1 μm up to several millimetres in size. Of major clinical significance in relation to osteolysis and loosening is roughening of the femoral components, which may lead to greater numbers of the sub-micron-sized particles.

FRACTIONATION OF LIVER SOMATOMEDIN ACTIVITY BY ULTRAFILTRATION

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNIFER M. DEHNEL ◽  
P. D. McCONAGHEY ◽  
M. J. O. FRANCIS
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight Fraction ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Somatomedin Inhibitors

SUMMARY Plasma somatomedin is the intermediary through which growth hormone (GH) exerts its effects on the growing skeleton. Somatomedin activity may be produced in vitro by perfusion of the liver and kidneys of rats with Waymouth's medium containing GH. The relationship between the activity of plasma somatomedin and somatomedin of hepatic and renal origin has yet to be clarified. Somatomedin from plasma can be separated into active fractions of both high and low molecular weight. Similarly, ultrafiltration of medium containing somatomedin of hepatic origin indicates the existence of two active fractions, one of high molecular weight (greater than 50000) and one of low molecular weight (less than 1000). The latter can be attributed to the release of amino acids, such as serine and glutamine, by the perfused tissue. The high molecular weight fraction is believed to represent GH-dependent somatomedin. Fractions that inhibit production of cartilage matrix are present in liver perfusates as well as in plasma. These results provide further evidence that the liver is a source of GH-dependent somatomedin in vivo. Furthermore, cartilage growth may be controlled not only by the GH-stimulated release of somatomedin by the liver, but also by its release of acid-labile somatomedin inhibitors.

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