scholarly journals American Heart Association Call to Action: Obesity as a Major Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease

Circulation ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 97 (21) ◽  
pp. 2099-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Eckel ◽  
Ronald M. Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Major Risk Factor ◽  
Call To Action

scholarly journals Menopause Transition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Implications for Timing of Early Prevention: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar R. El Khoudary ◽  
Brooke Aggarwal ◽  
Theresa M. Beckie ◽  
Howard N. Hodis ◽  
Amber E. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Scientific Statement ◽  
Menopause Transition

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, who have a notable increase in the risk for this disease after menopause and typically develop coronary heart disease several years later than men. This observation led to the hypothesis that the menopause transition (MT) contributes to the increase in coronary heart disease risk. Over the past 20 years, longitudinal studies of women traversing menopause have contributed significantly to our understanding of the relationship between the MT and CVD risk. By following women over this period, researchers have been able to disentangle chronological and ovarian aging with respect to CVD risk. These studies have documented distinct patterns of sex hormone changes, as well as adverse alterations in body composition, lipids and lipoproteins, and measures of vascular health over the MT, which can increase a woman’s risk of developing CVD postmenopausally. The reported findings underline the significance of the MT as a time of accelerating CVD risk, thereby emphasizing the importance of monitoring women’s health during midlife, a critical window for implementing early intervention strategies to reduce CVD risk. Notably, the 2011 American Heart Association guidelines for CVD prevention in women (the latest sex-specific guidelines to date) did not include information now available about the contribution of the MT to increased CVD in women. Therefore, there is a crucial need to discuss the contemporary literature on menopause and CVD risk with the intent of increasing awareness of the significant adverse cardiometabolic health–related changes accompanying midlife and the MT. This scientific statement provides an up-to-date synthesis of the existing data on the MT and how it relates to CVD.

scholarly journals Progress Toward Achieving National Targets for Reducing Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Mortality: A County‐Level Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Vaughan ◽  
Rebecca C. Woodruff ◽  
Christina M. Shay ◽  
Fleetwood Loustalot ◽  
Michele Casper
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
County Level ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Stroke Death

Background The American Heart Association and Healthy People 2020 established objectives to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke death rates by 20% by the year 2020, with 2007 as the baseline year. We examined county‐level achievement of the targeted reduction in CHD and stroke death rates from 2007 to 2017. Methods and Results Applying a hierarchical Bayesian model to National Vital Statistics data, we estimated annual age‐standardized county‐level death rates and the corresponding percentage change during 2007 to 2017 for those aged 35 to 64 and ≥65 years and by urban‐rural classification. For those aged ≥35 years, 56.1% (95% credible interval [CI], 54.1%–57.7%) and 39.8% (95% CI, 36.9%–42.7%) of counties achieved a 20% reduction in CHD and stroke death rates, respectively. For both CHD and stroke, the proportions of counties achieving a 20% reduction were lower for those aged 35 to 64 years than for those aged ≥65 years (CHD: 32.2% [95% CI, 29.4%–35.6%] and 64.1% [95% CI, 62.3%–65.7%]), respectively; stroke: 17.9% [95% CI, 13.9%–22.2%] and 45.6% [95% CI, 42.8%–48.3%]). Counties achieving a 20% reduction in death rates were more commonly urban counties (except stroke death rates for those aged ≥65 years). Conclusions Our analysis found substantial, but uneven, achievement of the targeted 20% reduction in CHD and stroke death rates, defined by the American Heart Association and Healthy People. The large proportion of counties not achieving the targeted reduction suggests a renewed focus on CHD and stroke prevention and treatment, especially among younger adults living outside of urban centers. These county‐level patterns provide a foundation for robust responses by clinicians, public health professionals, and communities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document