Women Health Awareness, Acquisitions, and Partnerships to Bring New Era for Contraceptive Drugs.

The spread of COVID-19 and the resulted lockdown imposed across the globe has negatively affected the contraceptive drugs market. Many women across the world found it hard to purchase the pills as contraceptive drug manufacturers were facing challenges due to inconsistent supply chains and the workforce.

Anxiety During the Pandemic

This chapter intends to analyse the moderate effect of individual anxiety and gender derived by the pandemic crisis regarding health importance, health knowledge, and health consciousness of the individuals. A quantitative methodology was adopted with data collected from a questionnaire survey. The conceptual models and associated hypotheses were tested with a sample of 243 respondents. Data were analysed through a mediate-moderate model using a Hayes PROCESS macro. Findings show that health consciousness and knowledge affect health importance, health knowledge mediates the relation between health consciousness and health importance, for women health is more important than for men, and anxiety moderates and increases the relation between health consciousness, health knowledge, and health importance.

WOMEN’S HEALTH ISSUES: THE CONTINUING APPEAL FOR WOMEN HEALTH PHYSICAL THERAPY PRACTICE IN PAKISTAN

Women’s health in its widest definition includes study of whole body particularly examining biological characteristics unique to women, with a focus on reproductive organs, body structure, hormones, childhood development and genetics.1 In 2017, maternal mortality ratio was determined to be 211 deaths per 100,000 live birth globally and in Pakistan, the ratio was 186 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2021.2,3 Besides obstetrical health issues, Pakistani female are also facing gynecological maladies on a large scale as compared to other countries such as grade I and II pelvic organ prolapse that is likely to be managed through pelvic physical therapy as per National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines.4 Regrettably, the burden of disease is increased manifolds due to unavailability of expert women’s health physical therapist.5 Like many countries, Pakistan is signatory to several international commitments till now to empower the women. To overcome the lacking, women’s health issues should be fostered by a woman’s health physical therapist. A women health physical therapist evaluates, treats, and educates a woman throughout the stages of life starting form active child-bearing years, pregnancy, postpartum, perimenopause and post menopause.6 The area of practice has now spread to encompass all health concerns of a woman namely infertility, osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, rehabilitation following gynecological surgery, breast cancer rehabilitation, incontinence, dyspareunia, vulvodynia, pregnancy related musculoskeletal pain, lymphedema, wellness and exercise. A woman throughout the life span whether a childbearing woman, a menopausal and a young athlete or an elderly woman can obtain benefit from women’s health physical therapy (WHPT). The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) claims that conjoint care provided by physician and physical therapist can enormously improve treatment prognosis.7 An optimal quality of life for a woman can be ensured through clinical evaluation and assessment to plan physical therapy interventions incorporated with various modalities that are cautiously prescribed according to an individual’s scenario.8 It is about time to emphasize WHPT practice throughout the country. There is a prolonged schedule to fulfil all fundamental components of women’s health issues which demands the joint collaboration of health-care providers, governments, policy makers, and the overall population. This article shout-out to novice physical therapy professionals to get themselves enrolled in WHPT specialty degree for the betterment of women. It is the need of hour to incorporate the services of qualified and expert WHPT professional in large tertiary care hospitals whether public or private, so that the premium quality of medical services pertaining to women health is available to the masses of all walks of life.

The Role of Estrogens and Vitamin D in Cardiomyocyte Protection: A Female Perspective

Women experience a dramatical raise in cardiovascular events after menopause. The decline in estrogens is pointed to as the major responsible trigger for the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Indeed, the menopausal transition associates with heart macro-remodeling, which results from a fine-tuned cell micro-remodeling. The remodeling of cardiomyocytes is a biomolecular response to several physiologic and pathologic stimuli, allowing healthy adaptation in normal conditions or maladaptation in an unfavorable environment, ending in organ architecture disarray. Estrogens largely impinge on cardiomyocyte remodeling, but they cannot fully explain the sex-dimorphism of CVD risk. Albeit cell remodeling and adaptation are under multifactorial regulation, vitamin D emerges to exert significant protective effects, controlling some intracellular paths, often shared with estrogen signaling. In post-menopause, the unfavorable association of hypoestrogenism-D hypovitaminosis may converge towards maladaptive remodeling and contribute to increased CVD risk. The aim of this review is to overview the role of estrogens and vitamin D in female cardiac health, speculating on their potential synergistic effect in cardiomyocyte remodeling, an issue that is not yet fully explored. Further learning the crosstalk between these two steroids in the biomolecular orchestration of cardiac cell fate during adaptation may help the translational approach to future cardioprotective strategies for women health.

IoT Based Smart Cradle Using PI

In this modern era, parents are busy building their lifestyle, carrier etc. As we know it has now become hard because parents have to take care of their children simultaneously, which paves a lot of work pressure and family pressure especially for women. Health of the child is affected and better care has also reduced. So, in order to handle such situation, we use temperature, Humidity, ultra-sonic Sensor. The conditions of the external atmosphere help to detect increased body temperature, babies voice while crying and their movements while they are continuously moving and also indicates the time for the diaper to be changed. If there are any abnormal activities are observed in baby’s atmosphere. An alert message is sent to the parents. In this system a video camera is attached and operated under the microcontroller’s instruction and it records a video when the motion sensor detects any continuous movements. The recorded video is broadcasted in a display to the parents which helps them to monitor baby in live. And in addition, this system detects and displays the status of the infant and alert the respective guardian by collecting values from sensor like temperature sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and also the location value from raspberry pi.

Gender, Stress, and Mental Health Among Older African Americans

Across studies on social stress exposure on the mental health of older African Americans, most investigate singular stress exposures (discrimination). Furthermore, this research rarely assesses gender differences in the psychological effects of specific stress exposures. I use the National Survey of American of Life to assess: (1) gendered patterns of stress exposure among older African Americans; (2) gendered nuances in the individual, collective, and cumulative effects of stress exposure on mental health. I find gender patterns of stress exposure differed by type of stressor. Women and men shared some stress predictors of mental health (everyday discrimination). Other stress predictors were specific to women (health-related mobility challenges) or to men (perceived neighborhood crime). Study findings challenge gerontologists to consider how race-gender groups are at distinct risks for stressors that elicit poor mental health and provide a call for tailored strategies for improving the psychological health of African American women and men.

Hong Kong Mothers and Emotional Sustainability via UN Sustainable Development Goal#3 Wellness and #16 Peace

The proposed project is expected to attract a target of 500 postnatal women (less than 3 months after delivery) for a half-year business intervention pilot project named “ Local Pui Yu” / postnatal assistant center to pilot this service with the support from IT companies on the techniques and devices to be needed to create the impacts and make the impacts transparent. And, it is expected that IT companies and/ or invited NGOs can support the total costs, for example, marketing cost, education material cost, and recruitment cost in employing midwives. Consequently, a new and easier method to deliver professional education with revenue creation business model will be created to support women and families, promote women, family and neonatal help; enhancing the awareness of women health, family and work balance issues.

Menopause and Sustainable Career Outcomes: A Science Mapping Approach

This paper provides a systematic review of the phenomenon of menopause at the workplace from a sustainable career perspective, by highlighting its major themes along with the evolution and tendencies observed in this field. A conceptual science mapping analysis based on co-word bibliographic networks was developed, using the SciMAT tool. From 1992 to 2020, 185 documents were retrieved from the Web of Science. In the first analyzed time span (1992–2002), postmenopausal women, health, and risk factors appeared to be the motor themes (well-developed and important for the structure of the discipline under focus), and disorder was an emerging or disappearing theme in the phenomenon under research. In the second studied period (2003–2013), risk and health were motor themes, menopausal symptoms was a basic or transversal theme (important for the discipline but not well-developed), coronary heart disease was a specialized theme (well-developed but less important for the structure of the research field), and postmenopausal women was an emerging or disappearing theme (both weakly developed and marginal to the field). In the third studied period (2014–2020), menopause, breast cancer, and menopausal symptoms were motor themes, Anxiety was a specialized theme and risk and body mass index were emerging or disappearing themes. Sustainability of women’s careers in the second half of life is of increasing importance given the increasing equal representation of men and women in working organizations, and the impact of the changing nature of work in the 21st century on older workers.