scholarly journals Variability of the Plasma Lipidome and Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sock Hwee Tan ◽  
Hiromi W.L. Koh ◽  
Jing Yi Chua ◽  
Bo Burla ◽  
Ching Ching Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Plaque Volume ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Noncalcified Plaque

Objective: While the risk of acute coronary events has been associated with biological variability of circulating cholesterol, the association with variability of other atherogenic lipids remains less understood. We evaluated the longitudinal variability of 284 lipids and investigated their association with asymptomatic coronary atherosclerosis. Approach and Results: Circulating lipids were extracted from fasting blood samples of 83 community-sampled symptom-free participants (age 41–75 years), collected longitudinally over 6 months. Three types of coronary plaque volume (calcified, lipid-rich, and fibrotic) were quantified using computed tomography coronary angiogram. We first deconvoluted between-subject (CV g ) and within-subject (CV w ) lipid variabilities. We then tested whether the mean lipid abundance was different across groups categorized by Framingham risk score and plaques phenotypes (lipid-rich, fibrotic, and calcified). Last, we investigated whether visit-to-visit variability of each lipid was associated with plaque burden. Most lipids (72.5%) exhibited higher CV g than CV w . Among the lipids (N=145) with 1.2-fold higher CV g than CV w , 26 species including glycerides and ceramides were significantly associated with Framingham risk score and the 3 plaque phenotypes (false discovery rate <0.05). In an exploratory analysis of person-specific visit-to-visit variability without multiple-comparisons testing, high variability of 3 lysophospholipids (lysophosphatidylcholines 16:0, 18:0, and O-18:1) were associated with lipid-rich and fibrotic (noncalcified) plaque volume while high variability of diacylglycerol 18:1_20:0, triacylglycerols 52:2, 52:3, and 52:4, ceramide d18:0/20:0, dihexosylceramide d18:1/16:0, and sphingomyelin 36:3 were associated with calcified plaque volume. Conclusions: High person-specific longitudinal variation of specific nonsterol lipids are associated with the burden of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Larger studies are needed to confirm these exploratory findings.

The Role of the Framingham Risk Score to Predict the Presence of Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with HIV Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Rossi ◽  
Annachiara Nuzzo ◽  
Giovanni Guaraldi ◽  
Gabriella Orlando ◽  
Nicola Squillace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Framingham Risk

P4450Atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without nephritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Panafidina ◽  
T V Popkova ◽  
D S Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Coronary Events

Abstract Background Nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a factor contributing to early development of atherosclerosis (AS). Objectives The aim of the study is to determine differences in cardiovascular risk factors and AS in SLE pts with and without lupus nephritis (LN). Methods The study included 162 females, age 35 [26–43] years (median [interquartile range 25–75%])) with SLE (ACR,1997). We divided SLE pts on two groups, comparable in age: the 1st group is the pts with LN (n=84, 52%), the 2nd - without LN (n=78, 48%). We considered traditional factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD): (smoking, family history of CVD, blood pressure, cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels, body mass index, diabetes mellitus) and SLE-related factors (age at onset, duration, clinical features, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics damage index (SLICC/DI), treatment with steroids); intima-media thickness (IMT) and the 10-year risk for coronary events. Carotid intima-media wall thickness of common carotid arteries was measured by high resolution B-mode ultrasound. The 10-year risk for coronary events was estimated by the Framingham risk equation. Results Median SLE duration was 8,0 [2,3–17,0] years, SLEDAI 2K – 8 [3–16], SLICC/DI score – 2 [0–3], duration of prednisone treatment – 72 [26–141] months. SLE pts from the 1st group had higher prevalence of hypertension (61% vs 36%, p<0,01), systolic blood pressure (130 [110–150] vs 120 [110–130]mm Hg, p<0,01), diastolic blood pressure (80 [70–95] vs 70 [70–80] mm Hg, p<0,05), TG concentration (136 [98–184] vs 100 [61–162] mg/dl, p<0,01), Framingham Risk Score (5 [1–30] vs 1 [1–27]%, p<0,05), SLEDAI-2K (12 [5–19] vs 4 [2–10], p<0,ehz745.08501), SLICC/DI score (2 [0–4] vs 0 [0–2], p<0,01), prednisone therapy duration (95 [26–192] vs 44 [14–98] months, p<0,05), prednisone cumulative dose (34,4 [13,6–82,5] vs 15,7 [6,2–35,2] g, p<0,001), mean IMT (0,73 [0,65–0,83] vs 0,67 [0,61–0,75] mm, p<0,01), than the pts from the 2nd group. There is no difference in CVD frequency in these groups (17% vs 8%, p=0,084). Conclusions SLE patients with and without LN had no difference in frequency of clinical manifestations of AS (CVD), but had a greater value of mean IMT, Framingham Risk Score and a higher incidence of both traditional (hypertension, TG concentration) and SLE-related (disease activity, prednisone therapy) risk factors for AS.

Associations between the Framingham Risk Score and coronary plaque characteristics as assessed by three-vessel optical coherence tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Vergallo ◽  
Lei Xing ◽  
Yoshiyasu Minami ◽  
Tsunenari Soeda ◽  
Daniel S. Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Framingham Risk

Abstract 17709: Framingham Risk Score and Coronary Plaque Characteristics as Assessed by Three-Vessel Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Vergallo ◽  
Haibo Jia ◽  
Tsunenari Soeda ◽  
Yoshiyasu Minami ◽  
Sining Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cholesterol Crystals ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Risk Increase

Introduction: Clinical prediction models, such as the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), are useful to identify patients at high risk for future events. However, their association with coronary plaque features is largely unknown. Aim: This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between FRS and coronary plaque features by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: FRS was assessed in 176 patients with coronary artery disease [72 with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and 104 with stable angina] who underwent 3-vessel OCT imaging. Based on the FRS values, patients were divided into 3 groups: lower FRS (FRS<5%, n=26), intermediate FRS (5%≤FRS<10%, n=105), and higher FRS (FRS≥10%, n=45). Nonculprit coronary plaque features were compared among the 3 groups. Results: A total of 448 nonculprit plaques were identified (lower FRS, n=61; intermediate FRS, n=267; higher FRS, n=120). Compared to the patients with lower and intermediated FRS, those with higher FRS were older (p<0.001), and more likely to have male gender (p<0.001), diabetes (p=0.023), lower HDL-cholesterol (p<0.001) and higher creatinine levels (p=0.023). Compared to the patients with lower FRS, those with higher FRS had greater lipid index (mean lipid arc x lipid length), and tended to have higher prevalence of thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA). Patients with higher FRS showed greater prevalence of calcifications compared to those with lower and intermediate FRS. Prevalence of cholesterol crystals was progressively higher across the 3 groups. At multivariate analysis, presentation with ACS (OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.27–4.39; p=0.006), and FRS (OR, 1.57 per 5% risk increase; 95% CI, 1.01–2.42, p=0.043) were independent predictors of TCFA. Conclusions: Nonculprit plaques of patients with higher FRS showed greater lipid content, and higher prevalence of calcifications and cholesterol crystals compared to those of patients with lower and intermediate FRS. ACS presentation and FRS were independent predictors of TCFA.

Abstract 18256: Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease Staging on Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Change of Non-culprit Lesions after Culprit Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuninobu Kashiyama ◽  
Shinjo Sonoda ◽  
Hirohito Takami ◽  
Reo Anai ◽  
Yoshitaka Muraoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Plaque Volume ◽  
Standard Medical Therapy ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Coronary Events

Introduction: Renal dysfunction is associated with increased coronary plaque burden, which may cause future coronary events. However, little is known about the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) staging on coronary atherosclerotic plaque change of non-culprit lesions (NCL) under standard medical therapy after culprit percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We investigated serial coronary plaque change of NCL in patients with different stages of CKD using integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound (IB-IVUS). Methods: We investigated 113 NCL in 113 patients undergoing both IVUS-guided PCI and follow-up IVUS examination. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to baseline CKD stage: CKD-1, n=18; CKD-2, n=43; CKD-3, n=29; and CKD 4-5, n=24. Volumetric IVUS analyses were performed at proximal NCL in de novo target vessels post PCI and at 8-month follow-up. We compared serial changes of plaque burden and composition among groups under standard medical therapy including statins. Results: Baseline patient characteristics showed age was significantly older, diabetic patients were more in CKD-3 than the other groups, but otherwise there was no significant difference among groups. Plaque volume at baseline was greater in CKD 4-5 than the other groups. (p =0.009). At follow-up, plaque volume increased in CKD-3 (+ 4.6 mm3, p <0.001) and CKD 4-5 (+ 9.8 mm3, p <0.001), but decreased in CKD-1 (- 5.4 mm3, p =0.002) and CKD-2 (- 3.2 mm3, p=0.001). Serial plaque volume change was correlated with eGFR. (Y= - 0.2X +11.4, p<0.0001). IB-IVUS analysis showed that lipid plaque increased in CKD-3 (+ 4.6 mm3, p <0.001) and CKD 4-5 (+ 5.4 mm3, p <0.001), but significantly decreased in CKD-2 (- 2.7 mm3, p <0.05) at follow-up. Fibrotic plaque also increased in CKD 4-5 (+ 3.4 mm3, p <0.001), whereas it decreased in CKD-1 (- 3.3 mm3, p <0.05). Multivariate models revealed CKD staging is an independent predictor of plaque progression. Conclusions: Despite standard medical therapy after culprit PCI, late stages of CKD were associated with coronary plaque progression characterized by greater lipid and fibrotic plaque volumes in NCL. Strict risk management should be required to prevent subsequent coronary events in those patients.

Discordance between Framingham Risk Score and atherosclerotic plaque burden

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (14) ◽  
pp. 1075-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ally Pen ◽  
Yeung Yam ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Carole Dennie ◽  
Ruth McPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Framingham Risk
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