Abstract 136: Role of Periodontal Disease on Intracranial Atherosclerosis

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Mascari ◽  
Souvik Sen ◽  
Fareed Suri ◽  
Bruce Wasserman ◽  
Rebecca Gottesman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Black Blood ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerosis ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Isotropic Resolution ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Black Blood Mri ◽  
Aric Study ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory process that affects gum and teeth. Due to the role of inflammation on atherosclerosis, we assessed the hypothesis that PD is associated with asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. Methods: Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements (7-indices) collected at 6 sites per tooth from 6155 subjects from the Dental Atherosclerosis in Communities Study (DARIC) without prior stroke were used to differentiate seven periodontal profile classes (PPCs). Of this cohort, a stratified subset underwent 3D time-of-flight MR angiogram and 3D high-isotropic resolution black blood MRI. ICAS was graded according to the criteria established by the Warfarin-Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) trial. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between PD status and severe asymptomatic ICAS, defined as ≥50% stenosis. Results: Among dentate subjects who underwent vascular imaging, 1033 (90%) had 0-50% ICAS and 112 (10%) had ≥50% ICAS. Compared to participants without gum disease (PPC-A), participants with gingivitis (PPC-C) had significantly higher odds of having ≥50% ICAS (Figure 1; Crude OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.8, p=0.015). This association strengthened after adjusting for the significant confounding variables: age, hypertension, and LDL cholesterol (Adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3-4.5, p=0.006). Conclusion: We report a significant association between inflammatory PD class and ≥50% asymptomatic ICAS. Because gingivitis is reversible, future studies are needed to determine if treatment of gingivitis can prevent the development and progression of ICAS, thus reducing the risk of stroke.

Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability, Neuropathology, and Cognitive Function

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012065
Author(s):  
Yuan Ma ◽  
Deborah Blacker ◽  
Anand Viswanathan ◽  
Susanne J. van Veluw ◽  
Daniel Bos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangle ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Cognitive Deterioration ◽  
Braak Staging ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Tangle Pathology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Cognition

ObjectiveLarge systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability has been proposed as a novel risk factor for dementia above and beyond SBP levels, but the underlying neuropathology is largely unknown. We investigated the relationship among visit-to-visit SBP variability, cognitive deterioration and underlying neuropathological changes.MethodsWe used longitudinal data (between 2005 and 2019) from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center. 13,284 dementia-free participants aged≥50 years were followed over a median of 5.0 (interquartile range: 3.1-7.6) years. Neuropathology data were available in 1,400 autopsied participants. Visit-to-visit SBP variability was quantified from repeated annual SBP measurements. Cognitive deterioration was defined as conversion from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, or from MCI to dementia.ResultsLarger visit-to-visit SBP variability was associated with cognitive deterioration (adjusted odds ratio comparing extreme quintiles: 2.64; 95%CI:2.29-3.04, P <0.001). It was also associated with a higher burden of vascular pathology (including microinfarcts, white matter lesion, atherosclerosis of the circle of Willis and arteriolosclerosis) and with neurofibrillary tangle pathology assessed by Braak staging (All P < 0.05). The association with cognitive deterioration and vascular pathology appeared stronger among those with normal cognition versus MCI at baseline. These findings were observed after adjusting for age, sex, mean SBP and other confounding variables. Similar results were observed for diastolic BP variability.ConclusionLarger visit-to-visit SBP variability was associated with cognitive deterioration. It was also associated with cerebrovascular pathology and neurofibrillary tangles. These results suggest the intertwined role of vascular and Alzheimer's disease pathology in the etiology of dementia.

scholarly journals Influence of Psychological Stress on Periodontal Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Larissa Marques Storto Soares ◽  
Ana Emilia Farias Pontes ◽  
Fernanda de Oliveira Bello Corrêa ◽  
Cleverton Corrêa Rabelo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Psychosocial Factor ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The association between periodontal disease and stress has been questioned for a almost a century, however, it still represents an unexplored field of research with several orphaned questions of conclusive answers. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease and stress. Methodology: Searches were performed with descriptors related to periodontal diseases and psychological factors in the following databases: Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs. Were identified and included studies that deal with the relationship between stress and periodontal disease and /or that emphasize the role of this psychosocial factor in the progression of periodontal disease. Conclusion: Most studies have shown a positive relationship between periodontal disease and stress, however, further research needs to be developed to confirm stress as a risk factor for periodontal disease

scholarly journals Intracranial arterial wall imaging using three-dimensional high isotropic resolution black blood MRI at 3.0 Tesla

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Qiao ◽  
David A. Steinman ◽  
Qin Qin ◽  
Maryam Etesami ◽  
Michael Schär ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Black Blood ◽  
3.0 Tesla ◽  
Isotropic Resolution ◽  
Black Blood Mri ◽  
Wall Imaging

The role of menopause on the relationship between metabolic risk factors and periodontal disease via salivary oxidative parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Sinem Kemer Doğan ◽  
Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu ◽  
Burak Doğan ◽  
Özlem Fentoğlu ◽  
Banu Kale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Diseases of the oral mucosa associated with Helicobacter pylori

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Tarasenko ◽  
M. A. Stepanov ◽  
S. A. Kalinin ◽  
V. V. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Stage Duration ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Relationship

This study analyzed the role of Helicobacter pylori in the development of lesions of the oral mucosa and explored the relationship between the prevalence and intensity of periodontal disease and the stage, duration, and severity of gastrointestinal diseases associated with H. pylori infection. The newly identified factors of H. pylori pathogenicity that participate in the development of lesions of the oral mucosa in case of a body infection were also determined.

scholarly journals Optimization of protocols of management of patients with generalized periodontitis at the background of cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
O.V. Kopchak ◽  
H.F. Biloklytska ◽  
O.V. Asharenkova ◽  
K.A. Yanishevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy ◽  
Autoimmune Processes ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
The Relationship

Many researchers have proven the relationship between periodontal disease and somatic pathology. Analysis of the data obtained from 348 patients showed that patients under the age of 49 were most often diagnosed with various forms of gingivitis — 36.3–51.65 % and generalized periodontitis (GP) I–II degree — 48.35–59.42 %. However, in patients aged 50–69 years, GP was the predominant disease and accounted for 93.2 %, with 56.03 % of patients having concomitant cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our studies showed that despite the significant prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with CVD, they did not systema-tically visit dentists for treatment. Our studies demonstrated a significant role of autoimmune processes in the formation and progression of chronic generalized periodontal disease in patients with concomitant comorbid conditions, in particular with cardiovascular disease. The data obtained by us demonstrated that one of the important autoantigens that determine the forms of syste-mic inflammatory response and progression of local and systemic endothelial dysfunction in GP with CVD is heat shock proteins. Taking this into consideration, a new differentiated approach to the treatment of GP in CVD was developed based on a new concept of pathogenesis. Pathogenetic therapy of GP in CVD is based on the simultaneous treatment of diseases (including the regenerative method of therapy) taking into account the severity of pathological processes that have an aggravating course. Interdisciplinary integration of dentists and cardiologists will optimize management protocols considering the presence and severity of somatic pathology and, therefore, will improve the quality of GP treatment in conditions of comorbidity.

Abstract P103: Kidney Function and Sudden Cardiac Death in the Community: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeki Suzuki ◽  
Sunil K Agarwal ◽  
Rajat Deo ◽  
Nona Sotoodehnia ◽  
Morgan Grams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Demographic Subgroups ◽  
Aric Study

Introduction: Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those requiring dialysis, are at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). However, data for the full-spectrum of kidney function and SCD risk in the community are sparse. Furthermore, newly developed equations for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and novel filtration markers might add further insight to the role of kidney function in SCD. Methods: We investigated the associations of baseline eGFRs using either serum creatinine, cystatin C (CysC), or both (eGFRcr, eGFRcr-cys, and eGFRcys), CysC itself, and β 2 -microglobulin (B2M) with SCD through 2001 among 13,070 blacks and whites participants at the second visit (1990-92) of the community-based ARIC Study. Cox regression models were used to quantify the associations of kidney function and different markers of kidney filtration with SCD after the adjustment for potential confounders. The cohort was divided into 5 groups based on clinical CKD Stages as well as quartiles. Results: Over a median of 11 years of follow-up, 205 participants developed SCD (1.4 cases per 1000 person-years). Low eGFR was independently associated with SCD risk: for example, HR for eGFR 30-44 vs ≥90 ml/min/1.73m 2 was 3.97 (95%CI 1.57-10.03) with eGFRcr; HR 6.96 (3.56-13.61) with eGFRcr-cys; and HR 5.47 (2.97-10.09) with eGFRcys. Of note, when eGFRcr and eGFRcys were included together in a single model, the association was only significant for eGFRcys. When we compared all kidney markers based on their quartiles, B2M demonstrated the strongest association with SCD ( Table ). Qualitatively consistent results were observed across clinical and demographic subgroups. Conclusion: Kidney function was independently and robustly associated with SCD in the community, particularly when CysC or B2M were taken into account as filtration markers. These results may suggest the importance of kidney function for SCD risk evaluation and the value of novel filtration markers beyond eGFRcr in association with SCD.

scholarly journals Learning about a New Technology: Pineapple in Ghana

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G Conley ◽  
Christopher R Udry
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the role of social learning in the diffusion of a new agricultural technology in Ghana. We use unique data on farmers' communication patterns to define each individual's information neighborhood. Conditional on many potentially confounding variables, we find evidence that farmers adjust their inputs to align with those of their information neighbors who were surprisingly successful in previous periods. The relationship of these input adjustments to experience further indicates the presence of social learning. In addition, applying the same method to input choices for another crop, of known technology, correctly indicates an absence of social learning effects. (JEL D83, O13, O33, Q16)

Breakfast Cereal Consumption Moderates the Association Between Body Composition and Body Esteem in Young Women but not in Young Men

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
Holly-Anne Scott ◽  
Michelle Marcinow ◽  
Rachel Hicks ◽  
Andrea C. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Body Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
External Attribution ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: To explore the role of breakfast cereal consumption on the relationships among BMI, percent fat mass (%FM), and body esteem in young adults. Methods: Weight, height, and %FM (by air displacement plethysmography) were measured in 29 males (aged 25.1 ± 4.0 years) and 28 females (aged 24.6 ± 4.0 years). Body esteem was measured using the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA). Three-day food records classified participants as breakfast cereal consumers (n = 27, any amount of ready-to-eat or cooked cereal consumed at breakfast) versus nonconsumers (n = 30, no cereal consumed at breakfast). Results: The %FM was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) inversely correlated with weight esteem (r = −0.769), appearance esteem (r = −0.723), and external attribution (r = −0.620) in female noncereal consumers. BMI was similarly correlated with BESAA scores. These relationships were not significant in female cereal consumers (all r < 0.426), despite no difference in confounding variables between female cereal consumers and nonconsumers. Neither BMI nor %FM were correlated with measures of body esteem (all r < 0.466, NS) in either male cereal consumers or nonconsumers. Conclusions: Breakfast cereal consumption may moderate the relationship among BMI, %FM, and body esteem in young adult women and may be useful for improving body esteem without focusing on weight loss.

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