scholarly journals Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sexual Behavior, and The HIV/AIDS Epidemic*

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Oster
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Amyl Nitrites and Sexual Behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
David Tian En Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Inhalant Abuse ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Unsafe Sexual Practices ◽  
Homosexual Community ◽  
Hiv Aids

This paper looked into the abuse of inhalable nitrites, mainly amyl nitrites, commonly known by the street name of poppers. This paper compiled several studies of nitrite inhalant abuse and the risk associated with the sexual practices that may concur. The paper explores first, the history and true intentions of nitrite inhalants, then the increasing abuse mainly within the homosexual community, and the legitimacy of the link of nitrites and the HIV/AIDS epidemic.  Various studies discussed in the paper will show that there is no legitimate link between poppers increasing the chance of HIV/AIDS but it is the unsafe sexual practices that occur with poppers that lead to various sexually transmitted diseases. The dangers of inhalable nitrites come from legal loopholes, use with other drugs such as Viagra, and the nature of unsafe sexual practices mostly within the homosexual community.

Is Madagascar at the edge of a generalised HIV epidemic? Situational analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2019-054254
Author(s):  
Mihaja Raberahona ◽  
François Monge ◽  
Rijasoa Harivelo Andrianiaina ◽  
Mamy Jean de Dieu Randria ◽  
Andosoa Ratefiharimanana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Epidemiological Situation ◽  
Hiv Aids

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiological situation of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and to identify the main drivers for vulnerability in Madagascar.DesignLiterature review, qualitative research and situational analysis.Data sourcesSearch of electronic bibliographic databases, national repositories of documentation from 1998 to 2018. Search keywords included Madagascar, HIV, sexually transmitted infections, men who have sex with men (MSM), sex workers (SWs), transactional sex (TS), injecting drug users (IDUs), vulnerability and sexual behaviour. Qualitative sources were interviews and focus group discussions.Review methodsStudies focused on HIV and/or vulnerability of HIV in Madagascar in general, and key populations (KPs) and HIV/AIDS response were taken into account. National reports from key HIV response actors were included.ResultsMadagascar is characterised by a low HIV/AIDS epidemic profile in the general population (GP) (0.3%) combined with a high prevalence of HIV among KPs (SWs, MSM and IDUs).An increase in HIV prevalence among KP has been observed during recent years. Hospital-based data suggest an increase in HIV prevalence among the GP. The vulnerability traits are inconsistent use of condoms, multipartner relationships and other contextual factors like widespread TS and gender inequality. A high prevalence/incidence of sexually transmitted infections could indicate a high vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. However, there are no reports of HIV prevalence of >1% in antenatal consultation.ConclusionThere is not enough evidence to make a conclusion about the HIV epidemiological situation in Madagascar due to the scarcity of the epidemiological data. However, Madagascar may be closer to a turning point towards a high-prevalence epidemic with severe consequences, particularly when taking into account its socioeconomical fragility and underlying vulnerabilities. More precise epidemiological data and improved HIV/AIDS diagnosis and case management should be a public health priority.

scholarly journals Risk of sexually transmitted Zika virus in a cohort of economically disadvantaged urban residents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P Aguilar Ticona ◽  
Huma Baig ◽  
Nivison Nery Jr. ◽  
Simon Doss-Gollin ◽  
Gielson A Sacramento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract In order to understand the disease burden of sexually transmitted Zika virus (ZIKV), we prospectively followed a cohort of 359 adult and adolescent residents of an urban community in Salvador, Brazil through the 2015 ZIKV epidemic. Later, in 2017, we used a retrospective survey to associate sexual behavior during the epidemic with ZIKV infection as defined by IgG3-NS1 ELISA. We found that males who engaged in casual sexual encounters during the epidemic were more likely (ORa=6.2; 95%CI 1.2–64.1) to be ZIKV positive, suggesting that specific groups may be at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections.

scholarly journals Male circumcision and global HIV/AIDS epidemic challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiola Oluwabunmi Olapade-Olaopa ◽  
Mudasiru Adebayo Salami ◽  
Taiwo Akeem Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Given the devastating mortality and morbidity associated with HIV/AIDS, many potential prevention measures against HIV infection continue to be explored. Most prevention methods are in the realm of sexual behavior change. However, of all aspects of human behavior, it is sexual behavior that is least amenable to change. Newer and simpler interventions are therefore required. Male circumcision, the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin (or prepuce) from the penis, is one of the ways being promoted as a preventive measure. This paper reviews the scientific basis and evidence for the efficacy of male circumcision within the context of the global challenges involved. Main body We reviewed articles with emphasis on male circumcision and HIV/AIDS transmission. Published abstracts of presentations at international scientific meetings were also reviewed. Conclusions Current epidemiological evidence supports the promotion of male circumcision for HIV prevention, especially in populations with high HIV prevalence and low circumcision rates. Three notable randomized control trials strengthen the case for applied research studies to demonstrate that safe male circumcision is protective at the population level, particularly as ideal and well-resourced conditions of a randomized trial are often not replicated in other service delivery settings. Ethically and culturally responsive strategies in promoting circumcision in a culturally heterogenous world need to be developed, too. Male circumcision should also be viewed as a complementary measure along with other proven approaches to turn the HIV/AIDS epidemic around.

scholarly journals Sexual behaviour and knowledge about HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections among health sciences students from Chile

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
L Guerrero-Lillo ◽  
J Medrano-Diaz ◽  
F Perez ◽  
C Perez ◽  
A Bizjak-Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Health Sciences Students ◽  
Hiv Aids
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document