Organizational Collaborative Capacities in Disaster Management: Evidence from the Taiwan Red Cross Organization

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Yu-Hung Allen
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Collaborative Capacity ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Response Organization ◽  
Relief Organization ◽  
Relief Organizations ◽  
Post Disaster

Abstract In the post disaster situation, relief organizations are expected to learn and adjust their capacity to collaborate with other major players such as nonprofit organizations, government agencies, and local workers. In other words, effective responses to disasters require capacity for collaboration on the part of emergency response agencies; however in disaster affected area, not every relief organization is equally capable of doing so. The capacity for organizations to collaborate with others in and after a disaster does not occur spontaneously or in a vacuum. Since organizational collaborative capacity is essential in disaster relief, it is imperative to present empirical evidence regarding organizational collaborative capacity. The purpose of this paper is to develop a working theory of what characteristics an emergency response organization needs in order to develop collaborative capacity. We analyze collaborative capacities by examining two events: the 2004 Asian Tsunami and the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake. This piece argues that collaborative capacity, defined by purpose, structure communication and resources, is a requisite for collaboration in a post disaster situation. The implications for practitioners and scholars in post disaster society are discussed.

Efficacy of a Novel Cloud-Centric Internet of Things Based Framework for Victim Localization in Context of Disaster Situation in Large Commercial Complexes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4604-4611
Author(s):  
Preetinder Singh Brar ◽  
Jaiteg Singh
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Post Disaster

This work presents an early concept of a framework that is suitable for emergency response teams engaged in indoor rescue/evacuation operations in post-disaster scenarios. Such a concept warrants availability of information regarding the count of persons trapped inside the buildings at different locations, and at different floors of a large commercial building. Although appreciable research has been done to improve disaster management using Internet of Things (IoT), yet most of those studies are aimed at disaster management in open spaces usually spanning the large geographical areas ranging from a city to several hundreds of miles. This paper presents a framework that relies on IoT devices to transmit data to the cloud, based on which the rescue operations can be initiated without any considerable time lag. The systems based on the proposed framework could also be used to assist the rescue teams during the rescue operations by providing the real-time updates of the vital parameters inside the disaster-struck buildings.

scholarly journals (A254) The Dutch Post-Disaster Response Strategy

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s70-s70
Author(s):  
E.F. Hall ◽  
J. Van Der Ree ◽  
C. Stom ◽  
F. Greven
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Response Organization ◽  
Post Disaster

The post-disaster response strategy in The Netherlands is unique in that it links scientific institutes, national government and local emergency response organizations. The lynch pin is the Centre for Environmental Health which was founded by the Ministry of Health to improve post-disaster care in The Netherlands. The recently refined Dutch strategy for post-disaster response will be presented and illustrated with a few examples from recent disasters. We will focus on both the role of the Centre and the role of public health Hazmat advisors who are part of the local emergency response organization. The latter advise on the health risks of exposure to CBRN agents. One of the main objectives of the Centre is to prepare guidelines and a structure to ensure transparent and authoritative advice is given to local governments and public health services on the need and value of post-disaster care. The Centre operates a front office, available 24/7, to deliver integrated advice on public health and psychosocial care to local emergency response organizations. A network of experts with a wide range of expertise is on stand-by, whereby the characteristics of the disaster determine which experts compile the advice. The Centre also works closely with several other advisory organizations within the national emergency response organization. Three kinds of advice are delivered. Firstly, as an immediate response (usually within an hour), advice is given on the registration of victims. Secondly, usually within 24 hours, advice is given on the need and value of a health outcome assessment (HOA). Thirdly, if a HOA is decided on, detailed advice is given on its implementation. Another objective of the Centre is strengthening the unique position of regional public health services to deal with post-disaster care. The Centre produces guidelines, tools and training on demand to achieve harmonization and uniformity among these services.

scholarly journals (A4) Emergency Health Interventions in Earthquakes: Red Cross Experience from Haiti and Chile, 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s2-s2
Author(s):  
P. Saaristo ◽  
T. Aloudat
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Care ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Local Health Care ◽  
Local Health Care System ◽  
Rapid Deployment

On 12 January 2010, the fate of Haiti and its people shifted with the ground beneath them as the strongest earthquake in 200 years, and a series of powerful aftershocks demolished the capital and multiple areas throughout the southern coast in thirty seconds, leaving some 220,000 people dead, and 300,000 persons injured. On 27 February 2010, at 03:35 hours local time, an earthquake of magnitude 8.8 struck Chile. As a consequence, the tsunami generated affected a coastal strip of more than 500 kilometers. Approximately 1.5 million people were affected and thousands lost their homes and livelihoods. The emergency health response of the International Red Cross Movement to both disasters was immediate, powerful and dynamic. The IFRC deployed seven emergency response units (ERU) to Haiti: one 150-bed referral hospital, one Rapid Deployment Emergency Hospital, and five basic health care units. One surgical hospital and two Basic Health Care Units were deployed to Chile. The ERU system of the IFRC is a flexible and dynamic tool for emergency health response in shifting and challenging environments. Evaluations show that the system performs well during urban and rural disasters. Despite a very different baseline in the two contexts, the ERU system of IFRC can adapt to the local needs. As panorama of pathology in the aftermath of an earthquake changes, the ERU system adapts and continues supporting the local health care system in its recovery.

scholarly journals PUSAT PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA KABUPATEN SINTANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Gaudensius Waldi Fernando ◽  
Emilya Kalsum ◽  
Jawas Dwijo Putro
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Complex Emergencies ◽  
Information Center ◽  
Integrated Concept ◽  
Post Disaster

Natural conditions as well as the diversity of population and culture in Indonesia cause the risk of natural disasters, social disasters and complex emergencies to arise. The implementation of emergency response is also often not supportive, the distribution of aid and services is not fast, uneven and difficult to monitor properly, so that the progress of the results of disaster emergency response activities is less objectively measurable. In Sintang Regency, in addition to natural disasters, social disasters also often occur, because the facilities are not standardized and accommodated so that services are not optimal. Judging from the existing needs, the Disaster Management Center is a facility that can assist the implementation of Disaster Emergency Response activities in Sintang Regency. The Disaster Management Center can accommodate disaster emergency response activities so that it has strategic command lines so that information confusion can be minimized so as to realize appropriate policies in dealing with disasters. The planned Disaster Management Center is a facility that functions to accommodate agencies related to pre- and post-disaster management, both as a place for disaster management and as an information center. The design method for this Disaster Management Center uses a comparison of literatures and performs data processing to describe the design process of the Sintang Regency Disaster Management Center. The mass of the building is divided into three parts separated by function and purpose. The approach to design applies an integrated concept, referring to a standardized and accommodating spatial layout.

Shaping Comprehensive Emergency Response Networks

2014 ◽  
pp. 26-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Treurniet
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
Response Network ◽  
Response Organization ◽  
The One

Given its nature, a crisis has a significant community impact. This applies in particular to emergencies: crises that arise quickly. Because of the complex and multifaceted nature of large-scale incidents, the response requires coordinated effort by multiple organizations. This networked collaboration is not solely restricted to professional organizations. In responding to an incident, the affected community can itself be an important source of information and capabilities. This chapter discusses how one can shape a trustworthy and decisive response organization in which relevant and useful capacities available in the community are incorporated. This discussion has two focal points. The first focal point is the role of the affected community in the case of an emergency. On the one hand, an emergency affects the fabric of the community, such as the critical infrastructure. On the other, a community has inherent internal resources that give it resilience and capacity to respond in a crisis. This needs to be reflected in the choice of emergency response planning model. The second focal point is the structure of the emergency response network. An emergency response network is a mixed-sector network. This means that coordination is needed among organizations and collectives with differing strategic orientations.

Citizen-to-Citizen Resource Sharing in Emergency Response

Crowdsourcing ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 578-605
Author(s):  
Soon Ae Chun ◽  
Jaideep S. Vaidya ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Atluri ◽  
Basit Shafiq ◽  
Nabil R. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Mobile Crowdsourcing ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
The Government

During large-scale manmade or natural disasters, such as Superstorm Sandy and Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, collaborations among government agencies, NGOs, and businesses need to be coordinated to provide necessary resources to respond to emergency events. However, resources from citizens themselves are underutilized, such as their equipment or expertise. The citizen participation via social media enhanced the situational awareness, but the response management is still mainly handled by the government or government-sanctioned partners. By harnessing the power of citizen crowdsourcing, government agencies can create enhanced disaster situation awareness and facilitate effective utilization of resources provided by citizen volunteers, resulting in more effective disaster responses. This chapter presents a public engagement in emergency response (PEER) framework that provides an online and mobile crowdsourcing platform for incident reporting and citizens' resource volunteering as well as an intelligent recommender system to match-make citizen resources with emergency tasks.

Citizen-to-Citizen Resource Sharing in Emergency Response

2018 ◽  
pp. 130-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Ae Chun ◽  
Jaideep S. Vaidya ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Atluri ◽  
Basit Shafiq ◽  
Nabil R. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Mobile Crowdsourcing ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
The Government

During large-scale manmade or natural disasters, such as Superstorm Sandy and Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, collaborations among government agencies, NGOs, and businesses need to be coordinated to provide necessary resources to respond to emergency events. However, resources from citizens themselves are underutilized, such as their equipment or expertise. The citizen participation via social media enhanced the situational awareness, but the response management is still mainly handled by the government or government-sanctioned partners. By harnessing the power of citizen crowdsourcing, government agencies can create enhanced disaster situation awareness and facilitate effective utilization of resources provided by citizen volunteers, resulting in more effective disaster responses. This chapter presents a public engagement in emergency response (PEER) framework that provides an online and mobile crowdsourcing platform for incident reporting and citizens' resource volunteering as well as an intelligent recommender system to match-make citizen resources with emergency tasks.

scholarly journals Post Disaster Situation Awareness and Decision Support Through Interactive Crowdsourcing

2016 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moumita Basu ◽  
Somprakash Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Saptarshi Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Post Disaster
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