Гуманитарная экспедиция Рейна Виллинка в Молочанский меннонитский округ. Между реконструкцией и эмиграцией: голландская помощь Украине 1922–1929 гг.

The efforts by the American Mennonite Relief organization to provide famine relief to Russia in the early 1920s are relatively well known. Far less known are the actions of Dutch Mennonite relief efforts at the same time, which were intended to strengthen the ties between Dutch and Ukrainian Mennonites. These actions were led by Rein Willink, whose letters to his parents and reports to Frederik Fleischer, the secretary of the Algemeene Commissie voor Buitenlandsche Nooden (General Committee for Foreign Needs), are the main source for this article. Whereas the American Mennonite Relief directed its aid to the whole of Russia, the Dutch Mennonites restricted themselves to the Mennonite colony of Molochna. Although the total contribution of Dutch Mennonites to Russian co-religionists was modest compared to that of the North Americans, it was nonetheless very important when viewed from the perspective of Mennonites who did not emigrate from Molochna in the 1920s.

Seeding Seed Releaf

How does a grassroots Covid-19 relief effort help to promote partnership culture? This article offers a first-person account of partnership values at work in Seed Releaf, a community-based organization co-founded by the author in response to local food inequity amplified by the coronavirus pandemic. Tracing the origin of Seed Releaf to partnership, Jewish, and Women’s Spirituality precepts, the author describes how a single relief organization connects and supports multiple entities—restaurants, farms, community groups—while delivering nutritious meals to hungry neighbors. In addition to illustrating how Seed Releaf provides an example of everyday people working to care for one another during global crisis, the article also addresses how Covid-19 exacerbates existing systems of oppression and further necessitates partnership in and across communities. A seven-point template offers readers a blueprint for how to replicate a Seed Releaf model in their own communities, and help to shift from a culture of domination to partnership, one plate at a time.

Occidental Mindoro 1983

In the 1970s the relief organization World Vision “de-Americanized.” Recipient nations from Europe, Asia, Latin America, and Africa became full partners of World Vision International. These new global voices urged a more structural approach to world hunger and poverty. By the early 1990s, World Vision, a behemoth NGO of one hundred entities overseen by 6,000 full-time staff, had transformed, in fits and starts, from an American-dominated, relief-oriented charity to an international organization that stressed partnerships and long-term solutions to world poverty. This chapter, which charts the trajectory of evangelical social justice work in the postwar era, describes the promise and limits of development work on the Filipino island of Occidental Mindoro.

The Office of Psychological Unloading as a Means of Preventing Mental Health and Psychological Well-being

Psychological relief organization offices (planning, design and equipment) are carried out in line with the goals of psychological and psychotherapeutic aid workers extreme professions. The main problem cabinet sensory-perceptual methods and psychotherapeutic effects on patients. At present, the efficiency and reliability of an employee depends not only on the comfortable conditions of the working environment, acceptable severity and intensity of work, but also on the person’s satisfaction with his professional activities, the ability to maximize his creative potential and restore his mental strength in a timely manner.

Lake Nyos, a Multirisk and Vulnerability Appraisal

Situated at the northern flank of the Oku Massif, Lake Nyos crater epitomizes landscape features originating from volcanic explosions during the Quaternary. The Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), to which it belongs, constitutes the most active volcanic region in Cameroon. In 1986, an outgas explosion occurred from beneath the lake and killed 1746 people in several neighbouring villages. The event influenced a radial area of 25 to 40 km wide, particularly in eastern and western direction. This was mainly due to: (1) the rugged nature of the landscape (fault fields), which enabled the heavier gas to follow valleys framed by faults corridors without affecting elevated areas; and (2) the seasonal dominating western wind direction, which channeled the gas along tectonic corridors and valleys. This paper assesses the geological risk and vulnerability in the Lake Nyos before and after several proposal to mitigate future outgas events. Remotely sensed data, together with GIS tools (topographic maps, aerial photographs), helped to determine and assess lineaments and associated risks. A critical grid combining severity and frequency analysis was used to assess the vulnerability of the local population. There is evidence that along the main fault directions (SW–NE), anthropogenic activities are most intensive and they may play an aggravating role for disasters. This requires the local population’s consciousness-raising. The results also show that population around Lake Nyos still remains vulnerable to volcanic hazards and floods. However, the area has been safe since the last degassing and jet grouting through multiple procedures and actions proposed in the National Contingency Plan, and equally by the relief organization plan (DROP or ORSEC plan) for the Menchum Division. Another issue is that the local population is concerned with the idea of returning to the affected areas in order to stay close to their ancestors or the deceased. Therefore, even after jet grouting and degassing, the problem of risk minimization for local residents remains.

From Europe to Asia and beyond (1948–55)

Chapter 2 focuses on CARE’s expansion from a private relief organization delivering ten-in-one rations from citizens of the United States to recipients in Europe into a constantly growing organization focusing on diversified food relief parcels to recipients in dozens of countries in Europe and Asia. It takes a closer look at internal governance processes and conflicts accompanying CARE’s organizational growth and the enhancement of its humanitarian mission

Setting up a non-profit enterprise (1945–47)

Chapter 1 depicts the political, social and economic situation on the European continent at the end of World War Two and gives an account of international and United States relief activities to help feed the war-afflicted civilian populations in Europe. It takes a closer look at the incorporation and establishment of the Cooperative for American Relief to Europe (CARE) as a temporary private voluntary relief organization and sheds light on the social and political dynamics leading up to the establishment of one of the fastest growing US humanitarian NGOs in the aftermath of WWII