Phylogeography of grass snakes (Natrix natrix) all around the Baltic Sea: implications for the Holocene colonization of Fennoscandia

We show that Fennoscandia was invaded in the Holocene by three distinct mitochondrial lineages of Natrix natrix. Two of these lineages arrived from the south, and one from the east. One of the ‘southern lineages’ is confined to Gotland, where also the second ‘southern lineage’ is found. The latter is widely distributed in the southwestern Baltic region, western Fennoscandia and on the Åland Islands, while the other lineage present on Gotland is only known from a few sites in the Baltic region. In addition, we recorded a third mitochondrial lineage in southern continental Finland, which was previously unknown from Fennoscandia. This lineage also occurs in the southeastern Baltic region and further east, suggesting that southern Finland was colonized from the east. Thus, the phylogeography of N. natrix matches a general paradigm for Fennoscandia, with Holocene invasions from the south and east.

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Associations of Sphagnum rubellum Wils. on the bogs of the south-east part of Baltic region

Vegetation of Russia ◽

10.31111/vegrus/2003.05.50 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 50-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. A. Smagin ◽

M. G. Napreenko

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Plant Cover ◽

Karelian Isthmus ◽

Baltic Region ◽

The South ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Kaliningrad Region ◽

The Baltic ◽

Typical Habitat ◽

New Syntaxa

The paper characterizes the 3 associations comprising plant communities with Sphagnum rubellum in the south-eastern part of the Baltic region. The new syntaxa differ from each other both in their floristic characters and the pronounced affinity to definite regional mire types and particular habitats. The ass. Drosero-Sphagnetum rubelli is typical of the relatively most thorough ranges. It is observed from the Kaliningrad region to the Karelian Isthmus and, according to the published reference, occurs even throughout the whole area around the Baltic Sea. Its most typical habitat is that of margins of mire lakes and pools. The ass. Eriophoro-Sphagnetum rubelli occurs in central plateaus of convex plateau-like bogs, typical of the areas adjacent to the Baltic Sea coast. It occupies extended flat mire ecotopes with the water level 0.2–0.25 m deep. The ass. Empetro-Sphagnetum rubelli is characteristic of the retrogressive complex in the convex bogs of the East-Baltic Province. It is mostly observed along the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Its stands are rather dynamic and unstable in both space and time. The presence of communities comprised by these 3 associations is an important vegetation character of the series of regional mire types. Assuming an association level of the respective syntaxa seems rational for the purposes of adequate reflection of plant cover diversity.

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Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies ◽

10.2478/v10009-008-0017-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Małgorzata Leśniewska ◽

Małgorzata Witak

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

The South ◽

Gulf Of Gdańsk ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Southern Baltic Sea ◽

Gulf Of Gdansk ◽

Southern Baltic ◽

The Baltic ◽

Palaeoenvironmental Changes

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)The palaeoenvironmental changes of the south-western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the last 8,000 years, with reference to the stages of the Baltic Sea, were reconstructed. Diatom analyses of two cores taken from the shallower and deeper parts of the basin enabled the conclusion to be drawn that the microflora studied developed in the three Baltic phases: Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina. Moreover, the so-called anthropogenic assemblage was observed in subbottom sediments of the study area.

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ACCUMULATION OF PLASTIC FRAGMENTS AND MICROPLASTICS ON THE BEACHES IN THE SOUTH-EAST BALTIC SEA

Proceedings of International Conference "Managinag risks to coastal regions and communities in a changinag world" (EMECS'11 - SeaCoasts XXVI) ◽

10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315a71306 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lilia Khatmullina ◽

Elena Esiukova ◽

Elena Esiukova

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Size Range ◽

Anthropogenic Pollution ◽

The South ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Quantitative Distribution ◽

Sediment Sampling ◽

Beach Sediments ◽

Kaliningrad Region ◽

The Baltic

The sediment sampling from different areas of the beaches in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) was executed for the purpose of studying the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microplastics particles (range 0.5-5 mm). Preference is given to those beaches that are exposed to maximum anthropogenic pollution. From June, 2015 to January, 2016, there were 14 expeditions along the coastline of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) to collect experimental materials. The majority of samples were collected on the most recent flotsam deposited at “wracklines”, in the supralittoral zone. The primary examination of those samples revealed the presence of abundant microplastic particles of the required size range (0.5-5 mm). Quantitative distribution of microplastics in beach sediments was obtained in milligrams per gram of sediment and milligrams per m2: on average 0.05-2.89 (mg per gram of sediment) and 370-7330 (mg per m2), accordingly.

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When were the straits between the Baltic Sea and the Kattegat inundated by the sea during the Holocene?

Boreas ◽

10.1111/bor.12525 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ole Bennike ◽

Jørn Bo Jensen ◽

Niels Nørgaard‐Pedersen ◽

Katrine Juul Andresen ◽

Marit‐Solveig Seidenkrantz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

The Holocene ◽

The Baltic

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The integrative potential of science and research cooperation for suturing the Baltic Sea region in the 21st century

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej ◽

10.36874/riesw.2021.3.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 9-32

Author(s):

Kazimierz Musiał

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Case Studies ◽

21St Century ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Baltic Region ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Research Cooperation ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic ◽

Science And Research

The aim of the article is to demonstrate how science and researchcooperation may help to reintegrate the Baltic region in the 21st century withthe participation of Russia. This is done through the analysis of documentsand strategies of Baltic Sea regionalism in the context of the regional knowledgeregime. Attention is paid to different positionalities of the regional actorsand their narratives. The theoretical framework is secured by an analysis ofcritical junctures drawing on case studies from the years 1989-91 and 2014 andthe subsequent reconfiguration of the power / knowledge nexus. The analysisshows that this reconfiguration actively contributes to creating and changingthe content and context of the Baltic Sea regionalism as based on new symbolic,economic, and political capitals. The conclusion points to the potentialof Russia’s involvement in the co-creation of the regional knowledge regimeand defines the conditions and methods of possible cooperation.

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The carbon budget of the Baltic Sea

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-8-3219-2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 3219-3230 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

K. Kuliński ◽

J. Pempkowiak

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Carbon Budget ◽

The Other ◽

Minor Importance ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Sources And Sinks ◽

The North ◽

The North Sea ◽

The Baltic

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the Baltic Sea carbon budget. The Baltic Sea is very much influenced by terrestrial carbon input. Rivers are the largest carbon source, and their input amounts to 10.90 Tg C yr−1 (Tg = 1012 g) with a 37.5% contribution of organic carbon. On the other hand, carbon is effectively exported from the Baltic to the North Sea (7.67 Tg C yr−1) and is also buried in bottom sediments (2.73 Tg C yr−1). The other sources and sinks of carbon are of minor importance. The net CO2 emission (1.05 Tg C yr−1) from the Baltic to the atmosphere was calculated as the closing term of the carbon budget presented here. There is a net loss of organic carbon, which indicates that the Baltic Sea is heterotrophic.

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Human impacts and their interactions in the Baltic Sea region

10.5194/esd-2021-54 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marcus Reckermann ◽

Anders Omstedt ◽

Tarmo Soomere ◽

Juris Aigars ◽

Naveed Akhtar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Human Activities ◽

Human Impacts ◽

The Other ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

General Description ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

The Baltic

Abstract. Coastal environments, in particular heavily populated semi-enclosed marginal seas and coasts like the Baltic Sea region, are stongly affected by human activities. A multitude of human impacts, including climate change, affects the different compartments of the environment, and these effects interact with each other. As part of the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEAR), we present an inventory and discussion of different human-induced factors and processes affecting the environment of the Baltic Sea region, and their interrelations. Some are naturally occurring and modified by human activities (i.e. climate change, coastal processes, hypoxia, acidification, submarine groundwater discharges, marine ecosystems, non-indigenous species, land use and land cover), some are completely human-induced (i.e. agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries, river regulations, offshore wind farms, shipping, chemical contamination, dumped warfare agents, marine litter and microplastics, tourism, coastal management), and they are all interrelated to different degrees. We present a general description and analysis of the state of knowledge on these interrelations. Our main insight is that climate change has an overarching, integrating impact on all of the other factors and can be interpreted as a background effect, which has different implications for the other factors. Impacts on the environment and the human sphere can be roughly allocated to anthropogenic drivers such as food production, energy production, transport, industry and economy. We conclude that a sound management and regulation of human activities must be implemented in order to use and keep the environments and ecosystems of the Baltic Sea region sustainably in a good shape. This must balance the human needs, which exert tremendous pressures on the systems, as humans are the overwhelming driving force for almost all changes we see. The findings from this inventory of available information and analysis of the different factors and their interactions in the Baltic Sea region can largely be transferred to other comparable marginal and coastal seas in the world.

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Theatrical Exchanges across the Baltic Sea in the 1930s

Nordic Theatre Studies ◽

10.7146/nts.v32i2.124353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 106-118

Author(s):

Hanna Korsberg

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Cultural Diplomacy ◽

The Other ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Bilateral Exchange ◽

National Theatre ◽

Transnational Exchange ◽

The Baltic ◽

Two Hybrid

This article explores theatrical exchanges across the Baltic Sea in the 1930s as part of the cultural diplomacy of recently independent Finland. The Finnish National Theatre visited the Estonia Theatre in Tallinn in 1931 and in 1937, and the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm in 1936. These theatre visits were different in terms of the visiting production. In Stockholm in 1936, and in Tallinn in 1937, the Finnish National Theatre showcased its work, while during the bilateral exchange with the Estonia Theatre in 1931, the main actors of two of the productions visited the other theatre and the audiences saw two hybrid performances of the two productions. Therefore, the visits are discussed in terms of international and transnational exchange.

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New data on the palaeo–incisions network of the south–eastern Baltic Sea

Baltica ◽

10.5200/baltica.2014.27.01 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dmitrij Gerok ◽

Leonora Živilė Gelumbauskaitė ◽

Tom Flodén ◽

Algimantas Grigelis ◽

Albertas Bitinas

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Ice Sheet ◽

The South ◽

The Baltic Sea ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

South Eastern ◽

Fracture Systems ◽

Present Study Area ◽

Eastern Segment ◽

The Baltic

The present study area is located within the south–eastern segment of the Baltic Sea framed by 55o30’–56o30’ N and 19o00’–21o15’E. The area is re-visited with the aim to describe in more detail the geologic prerequisite and development of the palaeo–incisions as well as the timing of their subsequent infillings. The channels form distinctive features in the sedimentary bedrock along the outer limits of pre–Weichselian ice sheets, on average reaching depths into the bedrock of 50 m in the nearshore zone of Lithuania to 100 m along the slope to the Gotland depression in the west. The development of palaeo–incisions systems is governed by the easily eroded late Palaeozoic to Mesozoic bedrock of the present area. Only rare ocurrences of channels have been reported from the middle and lower parts of the Palaeozoic further west in the Baltic Sea. The present investigation supports a mechanism that the channels formed below the ice near the ice sheet margin by melt water erosion under high pressure. The channels start at random where a fracture in the ice develops forming outlet of water contained below the central part of the ice sheet. The channels often merge together in the direction of the ice margin, possibly gradually adapting to previous fracture systems in the bedrock. The investigated incisions were infilled prior to the advance of the Weichselian ice sheet and some have been reopened and repeatedly infilled.

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