A new entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema xinbinense n. sp. (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), from north China

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ma ◽  
Juan Ma ◽  
Shulong Chen ◽  
Juan Ma ◽  
Shulong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Lateral Field

During a survey for entomopathogenic nematodes in northern China, a new species of Steinernema was isolated from soil samples collected from Xinbin county, Liaoning province. This nematode was obtained by the insect-baiting technique using last instar larvae of Galleria mellonella. It is described herein as S. xinbinense n. sp. The nematode can be separated from other described species of the group by morphological and morphometric characteristics of the different stages and by characterisation and phylogeny of DNA sequences of the D2D3 domain of the LSU or ITS regions of rDNA. This new species is characterised by the following morphological characters: infective third-stage juvenile with a body length of 694 (635-744) μm, distance from head to excretory pore of 51 (46-53) μm, tail length of 73 (61-81) μm, E = 71 (65-78)%, presence of eight unevenly spaced and developed ridges in middle lateral field (i.e., nine lines). First generation male with well curved, yellowish spicules 56 (49-62) μm long and gubernaculum 35 (30-41) μm long, small mucron mostly present, first generation female with protruding vulva, tail conical with one or two small mucrons and D = 45 (41-50)%. Cross hybridisation tests with S. tielingense, S. kraussei, S. feltiae and S. hebeiense showed that this species was reproductively isolated. The analyses of ITS-rDNA and D2D3 sequence confirm that the studied nematode isolate is a valid new species belonging to the ‘feltiae-kraussei-oregonense’ group.

Steinernema fabii n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from South Africa

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birhan A. Abate ◽  
Antoinette P. Malan ◽  
Louwrens R. Tiedt ◽  
Michael J. Wingfield ◽  
Bernard Slippers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Mpumalanga Province

A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema fabii n. sp., was isolated by trapping with wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae from soil in an Acacia mearnsii plantation in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. The new species is morphologically characterised by the length of the infective juvenile (IJ) of 641 (590-697) μm, by a tail length of 58 (52-64) μm, ratio a = 24 (21-41), H% = 53 (37-61) and E% = 93 (83-105). The pattern of the lateral field of the IJ of the new species is 2, 5, 2 ridges (3, 6, 3 incisures). The male of the first generation can be recognised by the long spicule of 90 (79-106) μm and gubernaculum of 66 (56-77) μm; D% = 64 (52-75) and GS% = 73 (63-86). The first generation female can be recognised by a protruding vulva with a short, double-flapped epiptygmata, and the lack of a postanal swelling, while the second generation differs in having a postanal swelling and a conical, sharply pointed tail. Analysis of DNA sequences for the ITS and D2-D3 gene regions showed S. fabii n. sp. to differ from all other Steinernema species and to belong to a new monophyletic group, the ‘Cameroonian’ clade, consisting of S. cameroonense, S. nyetense, S. sacchari and S. fabii n. sp., all from the African continent. This group is closely related to species in the feltiae-kraussei-oregonense Clade III.

Steinernema litorale n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Japan

Nematology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutsuhiro Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Stage Juvenile ◽  
Generation Male

AbstractA new entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema litorale n. sp., was isolated from sandy soils in Cape Irago, Atsumi Peninsula, Aichi, Honshu Island, Japan. The new species is characterised by the following morphological characters: infective third-stage juvenile with a body length of 909 ± 42.1 (834–988) μm, distance from head to excretory pore of 61 ± 3.3 (54–69) μm, tail length of 83 ± 4.5 (72–91) μm, ratio E value of 0.73 (0.68–0.83) and lateral field with nine distinct lines; male tail with a mucron in both generations, spicule shape (moderately arcuate, heavy, spicule with elongated manubrium), spicule length of 75 ± 4.8 (67–89) μm and gubernaculum length of 53 ± 4.0 (44–64) μm in the first generation male; female vulva with a double-flapped epiptygma and a tail with a pointed tip in both generations, and ratio D value of 45.2 (33.3–56.8) in the first generation female. The new species was distinguished from the morphologically similar species, S. feltiae, S. thanhi, S. karii, S. scarabaei, S. kraussei, S. oregonense, S. loci and S. diaprepesi by RFLP profiles. Morphological and molecular studies indicated that S. litorale n. sp. was phenotypically most similar to S. feltiae. However, cross hybridisation tests demonstrated that the two species were reproductively isolated.

Steinernema taiwanensis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4434 (3) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHING-TZU TSENG ◽  
ROGER F. HOU ◽  
LI-CHENG TANG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Blade Tip

A new isolate of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema taiwanensis n. sp., was isolated from soil in Pingtung County, Taiwan. This new species could be characterized and distinguished from other related species by its morphological characters, morphometrics, and phylogenetic analysis. The body length and distance from anterior end to nerve ring of infective juveniles is 1012 (983–1045) µm and 124 (120–127) µm, lateral field formula 2, 6, 7, 8, 2, and the tail length 90 (79–96) µm without dorsal constriction in tail region. The first generation males of S. taiwanensis n. sp. are characterized by spicule shape, smooth blade tip, 23 genital papillae (11 pairs and 1 single papilla), spicule length of 94 (89–99) µm and gubernaculum length of 68 (65–70) µm. Females from the first generation of S. taiwanensis n. sp. have no epiptygmata and a slightly developed post-anal swelling. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS and D2D3 regions of rDNA showed that S. taiwanensis n. sp. belongs to the Longicaudum-clade and comprises a monophyletic group with S. guangdongense and S. longicaudum. The new isolate is described as a novel species according to morphological and phylogenetic analyses. 

Steinernema ethiopiense sp. n. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Ethiopia

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewodros Tamiru ◽  
Tewodros Tamiru ◽  
Lieven Waeyenberge ◽  
Tewodros Tamiru ◽  
Lieven Waeyenberge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Tail Tip

Three isolates (Dero-1, Dero-8 and Mosisa-1) of a new entomopathogenic nematode, S. ethiopiense sp. n., were isolated by baiting soil samples from the Mendi area, Western Wollega, Ethiopia, with last instar wax moth larvae Galleria mellonella. Infective juveniles of S. ethiopiense sp. n. have a body length of 898 (768-1010) μm, a maximum of eight identical ridges (i.e., nine lines) in the lateral field, excretory pore located at mid-pharynx, hyaline layer occupying approximately half of the tail and c′ = 3.2. First generation males lack a caudal mucron, whereas second generation males possess a short spine-like mucron. The spicules are slightly arcuate, golden-brown in colour and have an ellipsoid or oblong manubrium. First generation females lack a postanal swelling and have a minute protuberance on the tail tip whereas second generation females have a postanal swelling and protruding vulva. Based on the morphology, morphometrics and DNA analysis, the new species belongs to the glaseri group. The closest relative species is the afro-tropical S. karii recorded from Kenya. The BLAST analysis of the ITS region of the rDNA revealed a similarity of 93% with S. karii, supporting the validity of S. ethiopiense sp. n. as a new species. In the phylogenetic trees the new species groups together only with S. karii (bootstrap value of 100%), but is also separated from S. karii by a bootstrap value of 100% or 70%.

Steinernema ashiuense sp. n. (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Japan

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long K. Phan ◽  
Shuhei Takemoto ◽  
Kazuyoshi Futai
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Excretory Pore ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Spicule Length

Abstract Steinernema ashiuense sp. n. was collected by a Galleria baiting method from grassland along the riverbank of the Yura river, near the Ashiu Research Forest Station of Kyoto University. The new species is characterised by an infective juvenile body length of 768 (720-800) μm, lateral field with five equally developed ridges (i.e., six lines or incisures), head smooth lacking horn-like structures, excretory pore located at level of middle of pharynx, hyaline portion short (ca one-third of tail length). Males have 50-65 μm long, broad, slightly yellowish spicules; spicule length / spicule width = 4 (3.5-4.4), and two subventral and one subdorsal pair of genital papillae in the postcloacal region. The analysis of ITS-rDNA sequence placed S. ashiuense sp. n. in the 'feltiae-kraussei-oregonense' group in the clade containing S. robustispiculum and S. monticolum. It can be distinguished from these species by morphological characters of the infective juveniles and males.

Steinernema jeffreyense n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Malan ◽  
R. Knoetze ◽  
L.R. Tiedt
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
The Body ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Cross Hybridization

AbstractDuring a non-targeted survey for entomopathogenic nematodes in South Africa, a new species of Steinernema was isolated from a soil sample collected from underneath a guava tree, close to the shore at Jeffrey's Bay. The nematode was isolated by means of the insect-baiting technique using last-instar larvae of Galleria mellonella. It is described herein as Steinernema jeffreyense n. sp. The nematode can be separated from other described, closely related species in terms of the morphological and morphometric characteristics of the different life stages, and in terms of the characterization and phylogeny of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA of the 18S gene, and of the D2D3 region of the 28S rDNA gene. The new species is placed molecularly in the arenarium–glaseri–karii–longicaudatum group characterized by the following morphological characters: infective third-stage juvenile with a body length of 926 (784–1043) μm, distance from head to excretory pore of 87 (78–107) μm, tail length of 81 (50–96) μm, with an E% of 109 (86–169), and eight evenly spaced ridges (i.e. nine lines) in the middle of the body. First-generation males have a spicule length of 88 (79–95) μm and gubernaculum length of 57 (51–61) μm. Male mucron is absent in both generations. First-generation females have an asymmetrical protuberance and a short, double-flapped epiptygmata, with both flaps directed to the front. The tail of the first-generation female is shorter than the anal body width, with a mucron on the dorsal tail tip, with D% = 78 (59–99). Cross-hybridization with S. khoisanae, S. tophus and S. innovationi showed the new species to isolate reproductively from the others. The analyses of ITS rDNA and D2D3 sequence of the 18S and 28S rDNA genes support the studied nematode isolate to be a valid new species belonging to the ‘glaseri’ group (Clade V).

scholarly journals Steinernema pui sp. n. (Rhabditida, Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Yunnan, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2767 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIHONG QIU ◽  
JINGXIU ZHAO ◽  
ZHONGDAO WU ◽  
ZHIYUE LV ◽  
YI PANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Short Needle

A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, herein described as Steinernema pui sp. n. was recovered from a soil sample collected from Xiao-jie town, Jing-hong city, Xi-shuang-ban-na district in Yunnan province, the People’s Republic of China in December 2002. Both morphological and molecular evidence show congruently that S. pui sp. n. belongs to the S. glaseri group. It can be separated from all described Steinernema species by a combination of morphological and morphometrical characters of adult and juvenile stages, including spicule and gubernaculum shape of the first generation males (spicule bearing an aperture on the tip and an irregular-shaped concave on ventral side of the lamina close to the tip; gubernaculum with a short needle-shaped cuneus); the tail and vulva shape of the first generation females (tail conoid and pointed with a mucron; vulva with a short double flapped epiptygma) and the body and tail length, distance from anterior end to excretory pore and to the base of pharynx of infective juveniles. The new species can also be distinguished from other Steinernema species by DNA sequences of either a partial 28S rDNA or the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA, and from the closely related species S. longicaudum and S. guangdongense by cross-breeding tests.

Steinernema huense sp. n., a new entomopathogenic nematode (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) from Vietnam

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 761-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Long Phan ◽  
Zdeněk Mráček ◽  
Vladimír Půža ◽  
Jiří Nermut ◽  
Andrea Jarošová
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Symbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Spicule Length ◽  
Short Body

A new entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema huense sp. n., belonging to the carpocapsae group, was recovered in Bach Ma National Park (Thua Thien Hue province) Vietnam. Steinernema huense sp. n. infective juveniles are characterised by short body length of 527 (444-571) μm, distance from anterior end to excretory pore of 43 (38-46) μm, anterior end to end of pharynx of 116 (103-129) μm; tail length of 50 (43-56) μm, D% = 37 (34-39) and E% = 85 (79-93), H% = 44 (39-52) and in having six ridges (i.e., seven lines) in the lateral field. For first generation males, the diagnostic characters include the spicule length of 67 (60-72) μm; D% = 48 (41-61); SW% = 195 (168-238) and GS% = 76 (68-81). Both generations possess a minute filamentous mucron, which can be rudimentary in the first generation, and 23 genital papillae. Spicules are finely curved, brownish and slender with a prominent rostrum. First generation females have a non-protruding, symmetrical vulva, with double flapped epiptygma. The tail of mature females is obese with a short conical tip (peg) lacking minute protuberances, and post-anal swelling not developed. The new species is further characterised by sequences of ITS and D2-D3 regions of the ribosomal DNA. According to molecular data, the symbiotic bacterium of S. huense sp. n. is closely related to Xenorhabdus stockiae.

Steinernema sacchari n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from South Africa

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaiah Nthenga ◽  
Rinus Knoetze ◽  
Shaun Berry ◽  
Louwrens R. Tiedt ◽  
Antoinette P. Malan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Generation Male

A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema sacchari n. sp., was isolated by trapping with the sugar cane borer, Eldana saccharina, from soil of a sugar cane field in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. The new species is morphologically characterised by the length of the infective juvenile (IJ) of 680 (630-722) μm, tail length of 64 (51-74) μm, ratio a = 19 (14-23), H% = 49 (43-57) and E% = 82 (70-109). The pattern of the lateral field of the IJ of the new species is 2, 5, 2 ridges (3, 6, 3 lines or incisures). The male of the first generation can be recognised by the long spicule of 83 (73-89) μm, gubernaculum of 61 (50-68) μm, D% = 67 (54-88) and GS% = 73 (66-81). The first generation male lacks a mucron, while the second generation male always has one. The first generation female can be recognised by the vulval lips not being raised, the possession of long double-flapped epiptygmata and the lack of a postanal swelling. Analysis of the ITS and D2D3 regions showed S. sacchari n. sp. to differ from all other Steinernema species and to belong to a new monophyletic group, the ‘Cameroonian’ clade, consisting of S. cameroonense, S. nyetense and S. sacchari n. sp. This group is closely related to the feltiae-kraussei-oregonense Clade III.

Steinernema beddingi n. sp. (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Yunnan, China

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Qiu ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Khuong Nguyen ◽  
Xianqi Hu ◽  
Yi Pang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Infective Juvenile ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Generation Male ◽  
Generation Female

AbstractA new entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), described here as Steinernema beddingi n. sp., was recovered from a single soil sample collected from a cabbage field in the suburb of Kunming, Yunnan province, China, during an EPN survey in 2002. DNA sequences of both the D3 domain of 28S and the ITS regions of rDNA showed congruently that S. beddingi n. sp. clustered with S. affine and S. intermedium but was clearly distinguished from both. The new species can be separated from all other described species of Steinernema, including the two most closely related species mentioned above, by morphological characters of various stages of the nematode, including lateral field pattern and tail shape of infective juvenile, the spicule and gubernaculum shape of the first generation male, and the tail morphology of the first generation female. Steinernema beddingi n. sp. can also be separated from S. affine and S. intermedium by cross-breeding tests.

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