Time to Activate the Temporary Protection Directive

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Ineli-Ciger
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Temporary Protection ◽  
Council Directive ◽  
Point Action ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Implementation Package

The number of refugees and migrants arriving by sea in Europe is on the rise. According to unhcr, more than one million refugees and migrants arrived in Europe by sea in 2015, whereas more than 3700 people lost their lives while trying to reach the European shores. As a response to the migration crisis, the eu has adopted a number of policies as proposed by the European Commission in the Ten point Action Plan on Migration and the European Agenda on Migration. This was followed by adoption of the second implementation package of the Agenda and initiation of eu-Turkey Joint Action Plan on migration management. In the light of the increasing number of refugees and migrants arriving in Europe by sea, this article examines the policies adopted by the eu in 2015 to cope with the migration crisis in Europe, whether the Council Directive 2001/55/ec of 20 July 2001 on Minimum Standards for Giving Temporary Protection (Temporary Protection Directive) can be implemented to cope with the arrival of the mixed flows and the reason why this Directive can play a key role in solving the migration crisis. Through evaluation of these issues, this article argues that the Temporary Protection Directive should be part of the eu response to the migration crisis as it would provide crucial benefits to both Member States as well as persons seeking refuge in the eu.

From a Protectorate to a Member State of the European Union

2022 ◽  
pp. 278-296
Author(s):  
Liliana Reis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Independent State ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Academic Debate

The European Union was present in Kosovo even before the declaration of its independence. However, it was after 2008 and at the request of the Kosovar authorities to EU that Kosovo inaugurated a period of close ties with the organization, through the rule of law mission it launched for the country and through various programs of the European Commission, including the European Partnership Action Plan (EPAP) for Kosovo, Mechanism of the Stabilization and Association Process, and the Instrument of Pre-Accession (IPA). This chapter seeks to examine the evolution of European presence on Kosovo by analysing EULEX mission and other European instruments and the achievements by newly former states in achieving the Copenhagen criteria, contributing to the academic debate on the role of European Union aid in the new Western Balkans states for their emancipation and possible access to the organization. It also evaluates the mutualisation of responsibilities and maintenance of the European status quo in Kosovo, fostering a protectorate in an independent state.

scholarly journals An Aviation Strategy for Europe: A critical assessment of delivered results

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Anna Tomová ◽  
Andrej Dudáš
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fiscal Reform ◽  
Aviation Policy ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Common

<p>The paper critically evaluates the results of the European Commission set in „An Aviation Strategy for Europe“of 2015 in the form of the Indicative Action Plan. Balancing accomplished vs unaccomplished tasks across the fields of Common Aviation Policy and the legal nature of the tasks, the paper discusses broader context of the Common Aviation Policy of the European Union in light of eventual institutional and fiscal reform.</p><p> </p>

Deduction of notional interest on equity according to the draft of the European Commission for a Council Directive on a Common Corporate Tax Base

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Rose
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Council Directive

Abstract Der Beitrag untersucht die von der Europäischen Kommission 2016 im Entwurf für eine neue Richtlinie des Rates über eine gemeinsame Körperschaftsteuer-Bemessungsgrundlage vorgeschlagenen Regeln zum Abzug fiktiver Zinsen auf neu gebildetes Eigenkapital. Geprüft wird, ob hiermit die in den meisten Ländern der EU bestehende steuerliche Diskriminierung der Investitionsfinanzierung mit Eigenkapital beseitigt wird. Nach vereinfachten Investitionsrechnungen werden die Unternehmen dazu veranlasst, mehr eigenfinanzierte Investitionen zu tätigen. Mit einer gegenüber dem Kommissionsvorschlag modifizierten Bestimmung des steuerlich relevanten Eigenkapitals wird es möglich, die für die Harmonisierung der Bemessungsgrundlagen so bedeutsame Neutralität des steuerlichen Bewertungsrechts sowie eine steuerliche Gleichbehandlung unterschiedlicher Zeitverläufe von Investitionserträgen zu gewährleisten.

THE EU’S HOTSPOT APPROACH TO MANAGING THE MIGRATION CRISIS: A BLIND SPOT FOR INTERNATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY?

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-134
Author(s):  
Federico Casolari
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Member States ◽  
Affected Member ◽  
International Responsibility ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Common Platform

Announced by the European Commission in its 2015 European Agenda on Migration as one of the EU’s priority tools to face the “unprecedented” migration crisis the Union was experiencing, the “hotspot” approach consists of a common platform for EU agencies (namely, the European Asylum Support Office, Frontex, Eurojust, and Europol) to intervene, rapidly and in an integrated manner, in frontline Member States when there is a crisis due to specific and disproportionate migratory pressure at their external borders. The goal was to reduce the pressure at the borders of the most affected Member States to “normal” levels while ensuring the proper reception, identification, and processing of arrivals. The present contribution makes some introductory remarks on issues of international responsibility under international law emerging from the implementation – by State and EU actors – of the hotspot approach. In particular, the analysis will focus on problems related to the attribution of conduct, in light of the large number of subjects involved in the relevant activities. In this respect, this contribution will highlight first the function of hotspots. Then, the discussion will analyze the position of different actors involved in the hotspot approach in light of the international law framework on international responsibility. An assessment of what has been discussed in the preceding sections is contained in the final part.

Turkey letting Syrians work will not change much soon

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Refugee Community ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Temporary Protection ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Eu

Subject The regulation on work permits for 'foreigners under temporary protection'. Significance A government regulation published on January 15 aims to facilitate legal work for the huge Syrian refugee community. It reflects Turkey's growing acceptance that the refugees will not go home soon, if at all, and must be included in society. It comes as Turkey is being pressed by the EU to stem the inflow of Syrian and other refugees and migrants. Impacts Many Syrians in Turkey will remain unable to support themselves adequately, requiring continued humanitarian support. To absorb the Syrians more fully, Turkey's economy and society need to be stronger and more equitable as a whole. Migration-management policies need to be sensitive to migrant's varied circumstances and motivations.

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