scholarly journals Intersection of historical museum collections and modern systematics: a relict population of the Arctic nudibranch Dendronotus velifer G.O. Sars, 1878 in a Swedish fjord

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennet Lundin ◽  
Tatyana Korshunova ◽  
Klas Malmberg ◽  
Alexander Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Relict Population ◽  
Nearest Point ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Shallow Water Species

Based on morphological, bathymetric and molecular data comparing recently collected Arctic and North Atlantic specimens with morphological and bathymetrical data on historical museum specimens, a unique relict population of the deep-water mollusc Dendronotus velifer G.O. Sars, 1878 (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) is shown to have existed in the deepest section of the Swedish Gullmar Fjord (the only true silled fjord in Sweden) at least until the middle of the 20th century. This population is more than 1500 km away from the nearest point in the species’ distributional range in the Arctic Ocean today. Using an integrative approach incorporating the data mentioned above, including genetic distances, from recently collected specimens taken from the Arctic Ocean, D. velifer is validated and its species status is restored, for the first time in more than a century after being regarded as a junior synonym of D. robustus. The bathymetric data for historical and recently collected specimens of D. velifer demonstrate significant differences compared to the shallow-water species D. robustus. The findings support the necessity of a stronger protection for the unique marine habitats of the Gullmar Fjord.

scholarly journals Comparison of Two 16S rRNA Primers (V3–V4 and V4–V5) for Studies of Arctic Microbial Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Fadeev ◽  
Magda G. Cardozo-Mino ◽  
Josephine Z. Rapp ◽  
Christina Bienhold ◽  
Ian Salter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Extreme Seasonality

Microbial communities of the Arctic Ocean are poorly characterized in comparison to other aquatic environments as to their horizontal, vertical, and temporal turnover. Yet, recent studies showed that the Arctic marine ecosystem harbors unique microbial community members that are adapted to harsh environmental conditions, such as near-freezing temperatures and extreme seasonality. The gene for the small ribosomal subunit (16S rRNA) is commonly used to study the taxonomic composition of microbial communities in their natural environment. Several primer sets for this marker gene have been extensively tested across various sample sets, but these typically originated from low-latitude environments. An explicit evaluation of primer-set performances in representing the microbial communities of the Arctic Ocean is currently lacking. To select a suitable primer set for studying microbiomes of various Arctic marine habitats (sea ice, surface water, marine snow, deep ocean basin, and deep-sea sediment), we have conducted a performance comparison between two widely used primer sets, targeting different hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 and V4–V5). We observed that both primer sets were highly similar in representing the total microbial community composition down to genus rank, which was also confirmed independently by subgroup-specific catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) counts. Each primer set revealed higher internal diversity within certain bacterial taxonomic groups (e.g., the class Bacteroidia by V3–V4, and the phylum Planctomycetes by V4–V5). However, the V4–V5 primer set provides concurrent coverage of the archaeal domain, a relevant component comprising 10–20% of the community in Arctic deep waters and the sediment. Although both primer sets perform similarly, we suggest the use of the V4–V5 primer set for the integration of both bacterial and archaeal community dynamics in the Arctic marine environment.

USGS Arctic Ocean Carbon Cruise 2012: Field Activity L-01-12-AR to collect carbon data in the Arctic Ocean, August-September 2012

Data Series ◽  
10.3133/ds862 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa L. Robbins ◽  
Jonathan Wynn ◽  
Paul O. Knorr ◽  
Bogdan Onac ◽  
John T. Lisle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Field Activity ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ocean Carbon

A remarkable pogonophoran from a desalted shallow near the mouth of the Yenisey River in the Kara Sea, with the description of a new species of the genus Galathealinum (Annelida: Pogonophora: Frenulata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-154
Author(s):  
R.V. Smirnov ◽  
O.V. Zaitseva ◽  
A.A. Vedenin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
External Layer ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Unusual Finding

A new species of Pogonophora obtained from one station at a depth of 25 m from near the Dikson Island in the Kara Sea is described. Galathealinum karaense sp. nov. is one of the largest pogonophorans, the first known representative of the rare genus Galathealinum Kirkegaard, 1956 in the Eurasian part of the Arctic Ocean and a highly unusual finding for the desalted shallow of the Yenisey Gulf. Several characters occurring in the new species are rare or unique among the congeners: under-developed, hardly discernible frills on the tube segments, extremely thin felted fibres in the external layer of the tube, and very faintly separated papillae in the anterior part of the trunk. Morphological characters useful in distinguishing species within the genus Galathealinum are defined and summarised in a table. Diagnosis of the genus Galathealinum is emended and supplemented by new characters. Additionally, three taxonomic keys are provided to the species of Galathealinum and to the known species of the Arctic pogonophorans using either animals or their empty tubes only, with the brief zoogeographical information on each Arctic species.

Positions of the non-Arctic States on the legal regime of the Arctic Ocean

2018 ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vylegzhanin ◽  
◽  
V. Salygin ◽  
I. Dudykina ◽  
E. Kienko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
The Arctic Ocean
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