Accurate indoor positioning system based on modify nearest point technique

Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) is common technology for indoor environments that use to estimate required distances, to be used for indoor localization. Due to multiple source of noise and interference with other signal, the receive signal strength (RSS) measurements unstable. The impression about targets environments should be available to estimate accurate targets location. The Wi-Fi fingerprint technique is widely implemented to build database matching with real data, but the challenges are the way of collect accurate data to be the reference and the impact of different environments on signals measurements. In this paper, optimum system proposed based on modify nearest point (MNP). To implement the proposal, 78 points measured to be the reference points recorded in each environment around the targets. Also, the case study building is separated to 7 areas, where the segmentation of environments leads to ability of dynamic parameters assignments. Moreover, database based on optimum data collected at each time using 63 samples in each point and the average will be final measurements. Then, the nearest point into specific environment has been determined by compared with at least four points. The results show that the errors of indoor localization were less than (0.102 m).

The effect of phenylephrine hydrochloride 2.5 % and sodium hyaluronate solution on visual functions and accommodation in children with myopia and its local tolerability

Purpose: to evaluate visual functions, accommodation, and local tolerance in children instilled with Phenylephrine hydrochloride 2.5 % and sodium hyaluronate solution (Stelphrin Supra). Material and methods. 30 children (60 eyes) aged 8 to 12 (ave. 10.04 ± 0.24) with low (28 eyes) and moderate (32 eyes) myopia (ave. -2.96 ± 0.17 D) were tested. Refractometry, subjective and objective accommodation, optical biometry, anterior corneal surface examination, Norn test, and polling were performed prior to one-time instillation, 30 minutes after it, and after 1 month of daily bedtime instillations of Stelphrin Supra. Results. We noted a significant decrease in the tone of accommodation in the open field by 90 % from the initial value, an approximation of the nearest point of clear vision by 27 %, an increase in the volume of absolute accommodation by 57 % and the objective amplitude of accommodation by 20 %, which indicates an increase in the accommodation ability. The pupil width increased 30 minutes after a single instillation of Stelphrin Supra, which coincided with an increase in the relative accommodation reserve by 25 % from the initial one. After a month, the pupil width significantly decreased, and the positive relative accommodation reserve decreased to a level only 12 % higher than the original one. Tear film break time significantly increased by 0.89 sec, singular spot stainings disappeared in 2 out of 6 patients, lacrimation — in 6 out of 10, pain — in 1 out of 2, blurring in 4 out of 6, feeling of “sand” — in 7 out of 9 patients who had these symptoms before instillations. Conclusion. Regular instillations of Stelphrin Supra reduce the habitual tone of accommodation, increase the accommodation ability, and improve the condition of the eye surface.

Earthquake monitoring of the Baribis Fault near Jakarta, Indonesia, using borehole seismometers

The geological setting of Jakarta and its immediate surroundings are poorly understood, yet it is one of the few places in Indonesia that is impacted by earthquakes from both the Java subduction zone and active faults on land. In this study, a borehole seismic experiment with low noise characteristics was deployed to record seismic activity on the ~ E-W oriented Baribis Fault, which is ~ 130 km long, passes to the south of Jakarta, and is only ~ 20 km away at its nearest point. A primary objective of this study is to determine whether this fault is seismically active, and therefore, whether it might pose a threat to nearby population centers, including Jakarta in particular. A total of seven broadband instruments that spanned Jakarta and the surrounding region were installed between the end of July 2019 and August 2020, during which time we were able to detect and locate 91 earthquakes. Two earthquakes were located close to the Baribis Fault line, one of which was felt in Bekasi (southeast of Jakarta) where it registered II-III on the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale. The focal mechanism solutions of these events indicate the presence of a thrust fault, which is in good agreement with previous studies, and suggest that the Baribis Fault is active.

Scale-Dependent Point Selection Methods for Web Maps

In cartographic generalization, the selection is an often-used method to adjust information density in a map. This paper deals with methods for selecting point features for a specific scale with numerical attributes, such as population, elevation, or visitors. With the Label Grid approach and the method of Functional Importance, two existing approaches are described, which have not been published in the scientific literature so far. They are explained and illustrated in the method chapter for better understanding. Furthermore, a new approach based on the Discrete Isolation measure is introduced. It combines the spatial position and the attribute's value and is defined as the minimum distance to the nearest point with a higher value. All described selection methods are implemented and made available as Plugins named “Point selection algorithms” for QGIS. Based on this implementation, the three methods are compared regarding runtime, parameterization, legibility, and generalization degree. Finally, recommendations are given on which data and use cases the approaches are suitable. We see digital maps with multiple scales as the main application of those methods. The possibilities of labeling the selected points are not considered within the scope of this work.

Communication-free autonomous cooperative circumnavigation of unpredictable dynamic objects

Each of several speed-limited planar robots is driven by the acceleration, limited in magnitude. There is an unpredictable dynamic complex object, for example, a group of moving targets or an extended moving and deforming body. The robots should reach and then repeatedly trace a certain object-dependent moving and deforming curve that encircles the object and also achieve an effective self-deployment over it. This may be, for example, the locus of points at a desired mean distance or distance from a group of targets or a single extended object, respectively. Every robot has access to the nearest point of the curve and its own velocity and “sees” the objects within a finite sensing range. The robots have no communication facilities, cannot differentiate the peers, and are to be driven by a common law. Necessary conditions for the solvability of the mission are established. Under their slight and partly unavoidable enhancement, a new decentralized control strategy is proposed and shown to solve the mission, while excluding inter-robot collisions, and for the case of a steady curve, to evenly distribute the robots over the curve and to ensure a prespecified speed of their motion over it. These are justified via rigorous global convergence results and confirmed via computer simulations.

Multi-decadal coastal evolution of a North Atlantic shelf-edge vegetated sand island – Sable Island, Canada

Impacts from a changing climate, in particular sea-level rise, will be most acutely felt on small oceanic islands. A common configuration of mid-latitude islands is the sandy barrier island. Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada is a vegetated sand island near the shelf edge, 160 km from the nearest point of land, that is morphologically similar to a barrier island. This study uses 60 years of airphoto records to analyse changes in coastline position through digitized shore and vegetation (foredune proxy) lines. Rates of coastal movement are analysed to model the future (2039) coastal configuration. The analyses suggest that the majority of the coastline on Sable Island is in retreat, with net retreat on the south side of the island only partially offset by modest net advance on the north side. The different morphologies of the beach-dune systems of South and North Beach, driven by incident wind and waves, yield these different coastline responses. Projected loss of 10 ha by 2039 of the climax heath vegetative community to shoreline retreat suggests a trend toward island instability due to coastline migration. Island-wide dataset trends show support for two different but complementary hypotheses about whole-island evolution: either the island is mobile via bank migration driving southern coastline changes and experiencing sediment transport toward the east, or the island is generally immobile and losing subaerial sediments (and thus shrinking) likely due to ongoing (and accelerating) sea-level rise.

INTERACTION OF SOIL ORDERS AND LEVELS OF APPLIED PHOSPHORUS ON P-STATUS OF SOIL CALTIVATED WITH WHEAT AT ELONGATION STAGE

A pot experiment was carried out during autumn growing season of 2016-2017 at the Gerdarasha field of College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, to study the effect of three dominant soil orders (Mollisols (M), Vertisols (V) and Aridisols (A)), five levelsof applied triple super phosphate (TSP) fertilizer (0, 80, 160, 240 and 320 kg TSP ha-1) and combination between them on chemical availability of phosphorus (P) using solubility diagram at elongation stage and wheat yield. The factorial experiment was depended using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The results indicated that the soil orders were affected on phosphorus status, it has appeared that the studied soil order was located between TCP and HA for both Aridisols and Vertisols it means the solubility of phosphorus is low. but in Mollisols is slightly more than Vertisols and Aridisols. It is the P-status and availability was very low since shifting towards TCP, it means precipitation of P in a non-available form then decrease in its availability. The application of phosphorus fertilizers caused shifting the points towards a more soluble form of phosphorus. The results indicated that the application of TSP fertilizer increased the solubility of P in the studied dominate soil orders. Then, the treatment combination (M, V, A) TSP0 were the nearest point to TCP falling between TCP and OCP which were the lowest soluble of phosphorus there less available, phosphorus application of phosphorus caused to shifting towards DCP In contrast, for treatment combination (M,V and A) TSP320 kg ha-1 were located between OCP and DCP the nearest point treatment combination for DCP

POSE-ID-on—A Novel Framework for Artwork Pose Clustering

In this work, we focus our attention on the similarity among works of art based on human poses and the actions they represent, moving from the concept of Pathosformel in Aby Warburg. This form of similarity is investigated by performing a pose clustering of the human poses, which are modeled as 2D skeletons and are defined as sets of 14 points connected by limbs. To build a dataset of properly annotated artwork images (that is, including the 2D skeletons of the human figures represented), we relied on one of the most popular, recent, and accurate deep learning frameworks for pose tracking of human figures, namely OpenPose. To measure the similarity between human poses, two alternative distance functions are proposed. Moreover, we developed a modified version of the K-Medians algorithm to cluster similar poses and to find a limited number of poses that are representative of the whole dataset. The proposed approach was also compared to two popular clustering strategies, that is, K-Means and the Nearest Point Algorithm, showing higher robustness to outliers. Finally, we assessed the validity of the proposed framework, which we named POSE-ID-on, in both a qualitative and in a quantitative way by simulating a supervised setting, since we lacked a proper reference for comparison.