scholarly journals Language evolution research in the year 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-26
Author(s):  
Jonas Nölle ◽  
Stefan Hartmann ◽  
Peeter Tinits
Keyword(s):  
Language Evolution ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Introductory Paper ◽  
Key Questions

Abstract This introductory paper reviews recent advances in language evolution research and summarizes the contributions of the special issue “New Directions in Language Evolution Research” in the broader context of these developments. Specifically, we discuss the increasing role of multimodality and iconicity, the more integrative view of language dynamics that has arguably broadened the scope of language evolution research, and recent methodological innovations that allow for a more fine-grained study of e.g. typological distributions or behavioral patterns that can give clues to some of the key questions discussed in the field.

scholarly journals Language evolution research in the year 2020: A survey of new directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Nölle ◽  
Stefan Hartmann ◽  
Peeter Tinits
Keyword(s):  
Language Evolution ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Introductory Paper ◽  
Key Questions

This introductory paper reviews recent advances in language evolution research and summarizes the contributions of the special issue “New Directions in Language Evolution Research” in the broader context of these developments. Specifically, we discuss the increasing role of multimodality and iconicity, the more integrative view of language dynamics that has arguably broadened the scope of language evolution research, and recent methodological innovations that allow for a more fine-grained study of e.g. typological distributions or behavioral patterns that can give clues to some of the key questions discussed in the field.

scholarly journals Language evolution research in the year 2020: A survey of new directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Nölle ◽  
Stefan Hartmann ◽  
Peeter Tinits
Keyword(s):  
Language Evolution ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Introductory Paper

This introductory paper reviews recent advances in language evolution research and summarizes the contributions of the special issue “New Directions in Language Evolution Research” in the broader context of these developments. Specifically, we discuss the increasing role of multimodality and iconicity, the more integrative view of language dynamics that has arguably broadened the scope of language evolution research, and recent methodological innovations that allow for a more fine-grained study of e.g. typological distributions or behavioral patterns that can give clues to some of the keyquestions discussed in the field.

scholarly journals Delay effects in brain dynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 367 (1891) ◽  
pp. 1059-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Stepan
Keyword(s):  
Time Delays ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical Systems ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Neural Fields ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Delay Effects ◽  
Introductory Paper

There are in our existence spots of time, That with distinct pre-eminence retain A renovating virtue, whence … our minds Are nourished and invisibly repaired;…(Wordsworth 1888, ||. 208–211, The prelude—book twelfth, imagination and taste, how impaired and restored , written in 1805) This brief introductory paper reviews the methods and the results presented in the special issue. The general destabilizing effects of time delays in nonlinear dynamical systems are summarized and some similarities in the philosophical approaches of neural systems research in distinct disciplines are pointed out. All the invited papers focus on the central role of time delays in the dynamics of neural systems. The research contributions are set in order according to the increasing number of neurons involved in the corresponding study from a couple of neurons through neural fields to populations and clusters of neurons.

scholarly journals The Hypothesis of Change from Above in the History of English: State of the Art and Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (s1) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Lavidas
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Linguistic Ideology ◽  
Anglo Norman ◽  
New Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe present paper presents the state of the art of research related to hypothesized changes from above in the diachrony of English. A main aim of the paper is to show how the cooperation of various perspectives can open new directions in the research of language change. We examine the main aspects of a definition of the change from above. We investigate the various perspectives through which the concept of change from above, as an “importation of elements from other systems” (Labov 2007), has been considered a significant factor for the development of English. We show that any attempt to investigate the presence or role of change from above includes the parameters of prestige, distribution of old and new forms, diffusion, gender, and linguistic ideology. Finally, we discuss typical examples of development of patterns and characteristics of English that have been analyzed as influenced by change from above, as well as the prestige dialects / languages and contexts that have been regarded as facilitating a hypothesized change from above (Latin, Anglo-Norman, standardization, prescriptivism, networks and individuals). We argue that the articles of the present special issue provide stable criteria that are required in any attempt to test the hypothesis of change from above in the development of English.

Dr. Best, insulin, and molecular evolution

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Jukes
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Model Protein ◽  
Introductory Paper

In this introductory paper of the special issue of the Canadian Journal of Biochemistry dedicated to the memory of the late Charles H. Best, Thomas Jukes describes the atmosphere of Dr. Best's laboratory, reminisces about Dr. Best and his research, and then discusses the central role of insulin as a model protein in the study of molecular evolution.

scholarly journals 30 Years of Research on Crown-of-thorns Starfish (1986-2016): Scientific Advances and Emerging Opportunities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan S. Pratchett ◽  
Ciemon F. Caballes ◽  
Jennifer C. Wilmes ◽  
Samuel Matthews ◽  
Camille Mellin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Population Outbreaks ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Current Special Issue ◽  
Key Questions

Research on the coral-eating crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) has waxed and waned over the last few decades, mostly in accordance with the occurrence of population outbreaks at key locations, such as Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. This review considers advances in our understanding of the biology and ecology of CoTS based on the latest resurgence of research interest, which culminated in this current special issue on the Biology, Ecology and Management of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish. More specifically, this review considers progress against 41 specific research questions posed in the seminal review by P. Moran 30 years ago, as well as exploring new directions for CoTS research. Despite the plethora of research on CoTS (>1,200 research articles), there are persistent knowledge gaps that constrain effective management of outbreaks. Although directly addressing some of these questions will be extremely difficult, there have been considerable advances in understanding the biology of CoTS, if not the proximal and ultimate cause(s) of outbreaks. Moving forward, researchers need to embrace new technologies and opportunities to advance understanding of CoTS biology and behaviour, with focus given to key questions that will improve effectiveness of management to reduce the frequency and likelihood of future outbreaks, if not preventing them altogether.

Executive learning through case discussion

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1552-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Ickis ◽  
Arch G. Woodside ◽  
Enrique Ogliastri
Keyword(s):  
Business Leaders ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Case Method ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
Introductory Paper ◽  
Face Complex

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework with which to understand the issues that arise in the discussion cases included in this Special Issue and explains the role of case studies in the education of those responsible for leading organizations. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based upon the review of literature from a range of disciplines, all of which is relevant to executive learning; the analysis of the cases and papers in this Special Issue, and interviews with colleagues who use the case method. Findings – The case method is useful in the education of managerial decision makers who face complex situations, but it is most effective when the cases contain certain essential ingredients and when the instructor is skilled in discussion leadership. These ingredients include the presence of a protagonist, the deep description of a problematic situation, the existence of at least two reasonable courses of action, and sufficient data to evaluate each alternative. The interactive nature of case discussions reinforces those values and behaviors that associate with civility. Research limitations/implications – Since some of the discussion cases were in the process of completion, it was not always possible to evaluate the experience with their use in the classroom. Practical implications – The introductory paper points to broader opportunities for the use of the case method, and for its adaptation to experiential learning, than is generally recognized in academia. Social implications – The use of discussion cases in management schools, where future business leaders interact with professors and classmates in an environment of critical learning and respect for opinions of others, encourages behaviors of civility. Originality/value – This introductory paper is valuable in providing a framework to integrate and make sense of the diverse topics, situations, and contexts described in the cases contained in the Special Issue.

scholarly journals Scribal service people in motion: Culture, power and the politics of mobility in India’s long eighteenth century, c. 1680–1820

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-460
Author(s):  
Rosalind O’Hanlon ◽  
Anand Venkatkrishnan ◽  
Richard David Williams
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Early Modernity ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Literary Cultures ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century ◽  
Key Questions

A decade after IESHR’s Special Issue of 2010, ‘Munshis, Pandits and Record-Keepers: Scribal communities and historical change in India’, we return again to the challenges and dilemmas that scribes, bureaucrats, intellectuals and literati of different kinds faced during the early modern centuries. Building on recent advances in our understanding of these key communities, this Special Issue turns the focus to the eighteenth century. We explore the strategies of individuals as they navigated new conditions of service, unexpected opportunities for personal advancement and the complexities of affiliation amid personal networks that extended across boundaries of region, language and religion. We investigate the important role of scribal people in the literary cultures of the eighteenth century, and the new meanings that their participation gave to literary syncretism and hybridity. We return again to questions of intellectual history and the reflections of scribal service people as they sought to find meaning in the collapse of old political formations and the rise of new ones. This Introduction surveys the recent scholarly literature in these connected fields, situates the essays here in the context of this new work, and identifies some of the key questions which remain to be answered in this critical era of transition between the India of ‘early modernity’ and the coming of the colonial world.

scholarly journals Comets: looking ahead

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2097) ◽  
pp. 20160261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. A’Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
Key Questions

We outline the key questions about comets that must be answered in order to understand cometary formation in the context of the protoplanetary disc and the role of comets in the formation and evolution of the solar system. We then discuss the new understanding of comets from Rosetta and from other recent advances, including work presented by others at the discussion meeting. Finally, we suggest some key directions for future projects to better address the above questions. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Cometary science after Rosetta’.

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