III.D.5b OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD ON THE SALE OF CHILDREN, CHILD PROSTITUTION AND CHILD PORNOGRAPHY

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Child Pornography ◽  
Child Prostitution ◽  
Optional Protocol ◽  
Rights Of The Child

scholarly journals Transnational by Default: Online Child Sexual Abuse Respects No Borders

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-764
Author(s):  
Sabine K. Witting
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Child Prostitution ◽  
Optional Protocol ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Extraterritorial Jurisdiction ◽  
High Level

Abstract Combatting child sexual abuse on the internet requires a high level of harmonisation of both substantive and procedural laws, as online child sexual abuse is transnational by default: while the transnational nature of child sexual abuse material used to be the exception before the advent of the internet, it is now the rule. In order to prosecute and investigate online child sexual abuse across country borders, states rely heavily on extraterritorial jurisdiction clauses as well as informal and formal law enforcement collaboration channels. This paper analyses existing channels in the opsc, Budapest Convention and Lanzarote Convention, particularly against the background of the recently published crc Committee Guidelines regarding the implementation of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (crc/c/156), and provides for concrete guidance on how to ensure that the best interests of the child in the prosecution and investigation of transnational crimes such as online child sexual abuse is the primary consideration.

Communications procedure under the Convention on the Rights of the Child: 3rd Optional Protocol

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanghee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Child Prostitution ◽  
Optional Protocol ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Un General Assembly

AbstractThe adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child by the UN General Assembly in 1989 marked a shift in paradigm from viewing children as the possession of parents and objects of welfare to individuals with rights. At the outset of the second millennium, two optional protocols to the Convention (Optional Protocol on Children in Armed Conflict and Optional Protocol on Sale of Children, Child Prostitution, Child Pornography) were adopted in 2000. The need for a communications procedure was suggested from the very beginning of the drafting process. This article will discuss developments leading to the establishment of an open-ended working group for the elaboration of a communications procedure, 3rd Optional Protocol to the CRC. Concerns, questions, and the discussion surrounding the scope and content of the Optional Protocol will be elaborated.

scholarly journals Prohibition of Child pornography: Enhancing Child Protection in Indonesia

Yuridika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
Zendy Wulan Ayu Widhi Prameswari
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Child Prostitution ◽  
Optional Protocol ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The World ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Protection Commission

As many other countries in the world, Indonesia has serious problems with child pornography. The problems linked with the child pornography exist in Indonesia, involving both male and female children. In 2008, Law Number 44/2008 on Pornography was enacted. With regard to the widespread distribution and accessibility of child pornography through the Internet, Indonesia also has Law Number 11/2008 and its revision on Electronic Information and Transaction. At the international level, Indonesia has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Furthermore, in 2012, Indonesia ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OPSC). However, based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia/KPAI) from 2011 to 2016 there were 1709 cases of child pornography and cybercrime. The cases of child pornography are still increasing and seems impossible to stop. This paper will scrutinize how the existing Indonesian law concerning prohibition of child pornography protects the children. It will also examine whether the law are in compliance with the OPSC. This paper is a doctrinal research using statute, conceptual and comparative approaches. The existing Indonesian law will be compared with the OPSC. The study will show some of the compatibility issues of Indonesian respective national law with the OPSC. On the basis of the findings, the last part of the study will provide recommendations on how Indonesia shall enhance the fight against child pornography.

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